Kev ua haujlwm "tus neeg ua txhaum cai": piav qhia, kev cob qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas
Kev ua haujlwm "tus neeg ua txhaum cai": piav qhia, kev cob qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Kev ua haujlwm "tus neeg ua txhaum cai": piav qhia, kev cob qhia, nta thiab tshuaj xyuas

Video: Kev ua haujlwm
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Cov txim txhaum cai tsis tsaug zog, lawv pheej ua lawv txoj kev qias neeg. Thiab ib tug yuav tsum ua raws li lawv! Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qhov no, txoj hauj lwm ntawm "criminalist" tau tsim. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm rooj plaub no, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi tus neeg uas txiav txim siab tawm tsam kev ua txhaum cai yuav tsum tau kawm, tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no.

Cia hais ib lo lus hais txog lub npe

kev ua txhaum cai lij choj
kev ua txhaum cai lij choj

Ib tug kws tshaj lij yog tus kws tshaj lij uas sau thiab tshuaj xyuas cov pov thawj ntawm qhov chaw ua txhaum cai. Lub npe los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lo lus Latin uas txhais tau tias "muaj kev paub" thiab "kev ua phem". Tseem ceeb yog cov kev paub uas sau cov science ntawm criminology. Nws tshawb txog cov qauv, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tua thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua txhaum cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua txhaum cai thiab txoj hauv kev zais lawv cov cim los ntawm cov neeg koom raug kawm. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb thiab txhais tau tias ntawm kev sau, tshawb fawb thiab tshuaj xyuas cov pov thawj tseem raug tsim thiab siv.

Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb

Nws tseem ceeb heev uas tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab tus neeg tshawb xyuas mus rau qhov chaw ua txhaum cai. Nws koom nrog hauv kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntes cov pov thawj, uas yog: kab mob ntshav,khau, hnab looj tes, ntiv tes, cov khoom (uas tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev), thiab tseem tshuaj xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom lossis tuag. Tab sis tseem, feem ntau ntawm cov hauj lwm yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug kuaj tshwj xeeb tsim rau lub hom phiaj no. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog kev soj ntsuam ua ntej tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw.

kev sib txawv

forensic kws tshaj lij profession
forensic kws tshaj lij profession

Cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem yog tus kws tshaj lij (uas yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig), thiab lawv tuaj yeem tsom mus rau qee qhov chaw. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog:

- trace exams;

- ballistic;

- ntiv tes;

- phonoscopic;

- graphological;

- tus sau;

- kuaj cov khoom tawg;

- cov ntaub ntawv;

- kuaj cov khoom tawg.

Lawv tau ua kom rov tsim cov duab ntawm kev ua txhaum cai thiab txheeb xyuas tus neeg ua txhaum, nws tus neeg raug tsim txom thiab txheeb xyuas riam phom ntawm kev ua phem. Ua piv txwv, cia peb xav txog kev kuaj kab mob. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm txhua qhov cim tseg uas tseem nyob ntawm qhov chaw ua txhaum cai. Yog li ntawd, cov xov los ntawm cov khaub ncaws, luam ntawv ntawm nkawm khau, tsheb log tsheb, cov hniav thaum lub sij hawm tom, thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm kev ua txhaum cai tuaj yeem ua. Cov kab ntawm kev nyiag nkas thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kab kuj raug tshuaj xyuas. Siv cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshawb nrhiav forensic saib rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim rau cov khoom uas tau tso tseg. Kawm originalitystriking, yam khoom nws tau ua nrog thiab ntau ntxiv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev ua phem txhaum cai tsis tu ncua. Nws yog ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab thiab thev naus laus zis uas pab daws kev ua txhaum cai. Yog li, cov kws tshaj lij tau sau tseg tias kev tshawb fawb DNA yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws, ua tsaug rau tus neeg tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov kab mob organic.

About learning

kev cob qhia kws lij choj kws lij choj
kev cob qhia kws lij choj kws lij choj

Peb twb muaj lub tswv yim hais tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm "neeg phem" yog dab tsi. Nws tsis yog qhia ncaj qha. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum kawm los ua tus kws lij choj, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kws tshaj lij forensic. Raws li koj tau pom, qhov kev xaiv yog dav. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj ntau ntau txoj cai lij choj nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Muaj tseeb, koj tuaj yeem kawm nyob rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb "kev xeem ntawv pov thawj" tsuas yog hauv cov tsev kawm tshwj xeeb ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs ntawm Lavxias Federation, uas muab daim ntawv pov thawj rau nws. Txoj kev kawm yog dab tsi? Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias kwv yees li 2/3 ntawm nws yog kev xyaum. Kuj tseem muaj kev tua thiab kev cob qhia tes. Zoo, tau kawg, ntau hom kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau raug kawm, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Tom qab qhov kev cob qhia tiav lawm, cov neeg kawm tiav raug xa mus rau Ministry of Internal Affairs thiab muab ib txoj hauj lwm hauv lawv qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau txoj haujlwm ntawm "kev ua txhaum cai", ces ceev faj: ntau lub tsev kawm tiav cov kws tshaj lij uas koom nrog kev tshaj lij. Yog li ntawd, thaum nkag mus, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los nrhiav cov txuj ci uas koj yuav tau txais. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj kawm tiav los ntawm Moscow State Lawacademy forensic expert, txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug neeg muab tau tsuas yog economic los yog hais lus science.

Qhov twg tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog kev kawm zoo li no?

profession criminologist nyiaj hli
profession criminologist nyiaj hli

Nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov muaj peev xwm tsis txwv rau ib qho Ministry of Internal Affairs, txawm hais tias lub xeev cov koom haum tub ceev xwm thiab cov chaw tshaj lij yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm tshaj plaws. Ntxiv rau lawv, muaj lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam ntiag tug. Nyob ntawm qhov kev cob qhia, kev ua haujlwm hauv kev pabcuam kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub tuam txhab ntiag tug yog ua tau, lawv yuav xav tau cov kws tshaj lij los tshawb xyuas cov pov thawj lees paub qhov ua txhaum cai. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus kws tshaj lij forensic, uas nws txoj haujlwm yog "ntse" rau kev txheeb xyuas cov cim ntawm kev nyob tsis raug cai lossis kev tsim txom nyiaj txiag, xav tau ntau dua, tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev tshawb fawb ballistic.

Tsis tas li, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev ua txhaum cai sau tseg tias ntau qhov yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib tus neeg raws li qhov muaj qee yam ntawm tus kheej. Yog li, xav paub, erudition, kev ntseeg siab, rationality, methodicalness thiab siab txawj ntse tsuas yog txais tos. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj lub cim xeeb zoo, muaj lub siab nyiam rau kev tsom xam thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom lub siab ntev ntev ntawm cov khoom hauv kev kawm. Nrog rau cov kev thov no, nws yuav zoo dua kom tau txais cov nyiaj hli siab. Puas yog qhov no muaj tseeb hauv kev xyaum?

Nyiaj

Koj puas xav paub ntau npaum li cas cov nyiaj tau los ntawm txoj haujlwm forensic coj? Cov nyiaj hli rau nws thoob plaws hauv Russia yog li ntawm 25 txog 40 txhiabrubles. Pom zoo, ruaj heev! Muaj tseeb tiag, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias tus neeg ua haujlwm zoo li cas yuav tsum muaj.

Zaj lus

professional criminologist piav qhia
professional criminologist piav qhia

Cov kws tshaj lij lij choj yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm txoj cai lij choj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tus neeg tawm tsam tsis tuaj yeem raug ntes hauv kev kub ntxhov. Lawv tuaj yeem piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua txhaum cai, cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws qhov kev npaj, kev puas siab puas ntsws portraits ntawm cov neeg koom, thiab ntau yam ntxiv uas yuav pab daws qhov teeb meem. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev pabcuam no yog cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj txiaj ntsig, uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm theem ntawm lawv cov nyiaj ua haujlwm - qhov no yuav tsum tsis txhob saib dhau.

Pom zoo: