"Grad": MLRS tua ntau yam. Hluav taws kub "Grad" thiab "Hurricane"

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev tua ntau ntawm Grad thiab nag xob nag cua ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm kom kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab cov cuab yeej thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, ob qho tib si hauv thaj chaw qhib thiab hauv cov chaw nyob ntuj. Lub salvo ntawm lub launcher yuav npog cov tsheb me me armored, nrog rau cov mortar thiab artillery crews nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm concentration.

Cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev lag luam tub rog hauv tsev yuav tau tham hauv kab lus.

History

Hauv tsib caug, NPO Splav tau siv lub tswv yim ntawm rub lub plhaub tawv tawv. Lub tswv yim ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim lub plhaub muaj zog, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau txiav txim siab los ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau cov mos txwv tshiab.

Alexander Ganichev raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj hauv xyoo 1960. Ob xyoos tom qab ntawd, thawj qhov kev sim tau tshwm sim, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd (hauv xyoo 1963) lub complex tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam.

Nws tsis tau ntev txij li tus tsim tawmcomplex pom qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim kom muaj zog sib ntaus sib tua unit. Lub tswv yim rau kev tso tawm ntawm MLRS "Hurricane" yog thawj zaug hauv 1964

Tom qab ntau qhov kev txhim kho, los ntawm 1975 lub complex tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog cov tub rog. Yeej, cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam txog lub caliber ntawm qhov projectile: thaum xub thawj, qhov kev xaiv ntawm 152 lossis 180 mm raug txiav txim siab, tab sis thaum kawg nws tau nce mus rau 220 mm.

TTX Grada

Txij thaum nws tau txais yuav, nws siv 122 hli caliber plhaub. Cov mos txwv hauv 40 lub plhaub. Daim ntawv qhia pob yog kho tau, qhov siab tshaj plaws lub kaum sab xis yog 55 °, yog li lub hom phiaj yog nqa tawm ntawm lub hom phiaj.

Yam tsawg kawg Grad firing range:

• cov foob pob tawg tawg tawg 4 km;
• cluster plhaub 2.5 km;
• guided missiles 1.6 km.

Txhua hom plhaub muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, nws yog siv nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Kev tua ntau tshaj ntawm Grad MLRS:

• siab tawg foob pob tawg 40 km;
• 33 km pawg foob pob;
• guided projectiles 42 km.

Kev suav ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua muaj 3 tus neeg, thiab thaj chaw kev pabcuam nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav txog 142 km².

Txij li thaum tau txais tus qauv rau kev pabcuam, kwv yees li 3 lab foob pob hluav taws ntawm ntau hom tau dov tawm ntawm cov kab sib dhos.

TTX "Hurricane"

Kev tua ntau ntawm Grad thiab nws cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv txawv: los ntawm 10 txog 35 km, nyob ntawm seb hom projectile. High-explosive fragmentation, pawg thiabThermobaric.

Lub tshuab tau nruab nrog ib pob ntawm cov lus qhia hauv tus nqi ntawm 16 daim, uas tau raug rho tawm haujlwm tag nrho nrog cov salvo ceev hauv 20 vib nas this. Qhov hnyav ntawm txhua lub plhaub yog 280 kg, caliber 220 mm.

Cov neeg coob muaj plaub tus neeg.

Daim ntawv thov

Vim muaj hluav taws kub ntau, "Grad" thiab "Hurricane" tau siv thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv Afghanistan lub sijhawm 1979 txog 1989.

Lawv siv los ntawm Azerbaijani sab hauv Karabakh tsis sib haum xeeb tau sau tseg. Cov kev teeb tsa tau siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Omar Pass - qhov kev sib tsoo ntshav siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1994, ua tsaug rau qhov kev tua ntau ntawm Grad, 130th brigade tau swb thaum sim mus rau sab qaum teb hla lub roob hla. Kwv yees li ib thiab ib nrab txhiab tus yeeb ncuab cov tub rog poob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, ob peb tus neeg dim ntawm 130th raug ntes.

Ob qhov kev teeb tsa tau siv hauv thawj thiab thib ob kev sib tw Chechen. Ntxiv mus, thawj zaug, ob peb Grads raug ntes los ntawm Chechen fighters thiab siv tawm tsam tsoomfwv cov tub rog. Piv txwv li, kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Dolinskoye, ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev sib tsoo loj. Yog li ntawd, 6 tus tub rog Lavxias raug tua, thiab peb qhov kev teeb tsa raug puas tsuaj. Thaum kawg ntawm thawj qhov kev sib tw, tsis yog ib qho MLRS tseem nyob nrog Dudayev cov tub rog.

Hauv kev tsov rog tsib hnub hauv South Ossetia xyoo 2008, ob lub tshuab tau siv.

"Grad" thiab "Hurricane" tau siv los ntawm ob tog hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb nyob rau sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm Ukraine. Vim hais tias lub teb chaws yog ib qho chaw tom qab-Soviet, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua complexes tsis muaj lus nug.

Cov tub rog Syrian siv ob qho kev teeb tsa thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog hauv zej zog, tshwj xeeb,thaum lub sij hawm liberation ntawm Palmyra.

Kev txiav txim

Cov tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb uas tau teev tseg saum toj no ib zaug ntxiv ua pov thawj tias kev txhim kho hauv tsev yooj yim thiab zoo li cas. Kev tua ntau yam ntawm Grad thiab nag xob nag cua tso cai rau koj ua txhua yam kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv ntau yam xwm txheej.

Txawm hais tias huab cua, lub caij nyoog thiab qhov xwm txheej hauv lub tebchaws. Kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm tso cai rau koj kom xa tawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws xob hauv txoj haujlwm thiab tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov txoj haujlwm.

Artillery barrage muaj ntau txoj hauv kev zoo ib yam li kev ua haujlwm ntawm sniper: tom qab txhua tus ntaus pob, kev hloov ntawm txoj haujlwm ua raws. Txwv tsis pub, cov lus teb qhov projectile tuaj yeem tuaj txog raws li kev suav davhlau.

Kev lag luam tub rog tab tom txhim kho nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo. Kev tsim khoom ntawm Grads tau xaus rau xyoo 1988, thiab nag xob nag cua hauv xyoo 1991. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam, thiab tsis muaj kev npaj ua haujlwm.

Cov complexes tau siv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, lub tshuab tau koom nrog ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tau ua pov thawj nws cov txiaj ntsig ntau dua ib zaug.

Sib piv cov npe ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, "Hurricane" tsis tshua nyiam. Qhov no ib zaug ua pov thawj tias qhov ntau ntawm Grad system ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab thaum siv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm USSR thiab Russia, nrog rau cov teb chaws uas tuaj ntawm qhov chaw tom qab-Soviet.

vam tias tej riam phom yuav tiv thaiv tsis tau lub tshuab doomsday.