Bielefelder qaib: nta thiab cov lus pom zoo rau kev yug me nyuam

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Bielefelder qaib tau bred los ntawm tus naas ej breeder G. Rott nyob rau hauv lub 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX. Lawv tau lees paub tias yog ib hom tsiaj sib cais hauv xyoo 1980, xyoo 1983-84. ib tug dwarf ntau yam tshwm sim. Lub npe "bielefelder" cov noog no tau txais kev qhuas ntawm lub nroog nyob rau sab hnub poob lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov twg tag nrho zaj dab neeg pib.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws

Nyob rau hauv cov noog no, nyob rau hauv ib hnub tom qab hatching, nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm cov poj niam thiab txiv neej. Ib qho txiaj ntsig loj heev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tswv, txawm tias tsis txawv. Cov hens yog xim av xim av, nrog "eyeliner" nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag thiab kab txaij ntawm nraub qaum, cov cockerels yog sib dua, daj ntseg daj.

Qhov thib ob qhov txawv ntawm Bielefelders yog lawv cov xim - xim tsis tshua muaj, hu ua "krill", golden-dub-striped lossis silver-dub-striped.

Lub npe hu ua Bielefelder tau muab rau cov yug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, 1978, thiab qhov kev nthuav qhia tau tshwm sim ua ntej - xyoo 1976.

yam ntxwv ntawm hens thiab roosters

Nkauj tawm tshiab byTus qauv yuav tsum muaj lub caj dab dav thiab sab nraub qaum, thiab lub xub pwg nyom yuav tsum yog xim cuckoo. Lub hauv siab yog daj lossis liab nrog cov qauv hawk, daj ceg thiab nruab nrab-qhov loj me tsaus grey lossis cuckoo tis.

Cov qaib muaj xim ntau dua li cov qaib, muaj lub mis golden rusty thiab cov qauv hawk ntawm lawv nraub qaum thiab elytra. Tus Tsov tus tw plaub ntawm tus poj niam yog qhov tsaus ntuj, thaum cov txiv neej yog grey-cuckoo saum toj no nrog daj thaj ua rau hauv qab.

Bielefelders yog cov noog hnyav hnyav ntawm cov nqaij thiab qe orientation nrog lub nraub qaum ntev thiab lub hauv siab convex. Lawv muaj ib lub cev elongated thiab ib nplooj-zoo li tus crest ntawm lub taub hau, ntxiv los ntawm liab qhwv ntsej thiab pob ntseg. Cov txiv neej laus tuaj yeem nce txog 4.5 kg, poj niam - 3.9 kg.

Bielefelder qaib tiv taus txias, yog li lawv tuaj yeem nyob kaj siab lug hauv Lavxias teb sab kev nyab xeeb.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev xaiv

G. Rott lub siab xav yug me nyuam noog uas tsis raug rau cov kab mob, nrog rau cov nqaij qab, muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau lub qe, tab sis tib lub sij hawm loj hlob sai thiab tiv taus Frost. Cov qaib yuav tsum nyob twj ywm thiab sociable, thiab lawv cov qe loj loj, zoo li thiab xim.

Nws ua tiav txhua qhov no hauv Bielefelder qaib. Txawm hais tias yog ib tus menyuam yau tshaj plaws hauv German, nws tau nrov nrov nrog cov neeg yug tsiaj thiab kis thoob plaws hauv Tebchaws Yelemees.

Tam sim no muaj ntau heev. Hauv lwm lub tebchaws, xws li Askiv thiab Holland, lawv tsis pom ntau zaus thiab tsis muaj coob, vim tias lawv tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - muaj lwm hom autosex, thiab ob peb hom nqaij qaib tuaj yeem. Sib tw nrog Bielefelders hauv kev tsim khoom thiab cov nqaij zoo.

Qe production

Nyob nteg 180-200 qe ib xyoos, xim av xim av, thaum lub qe loj heev thiab hnyav txog li 65 grams. Hauv qhov kev hwm no, lawv zoo sib xws rau Wyandotte, lwm hom neeg Asmeskas, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag qib uas txawv cov qe tshwj xeeb xws li, piv txwv li, White Leghorn.

Lawv pib maj thaum 5, 5 - 6 lub hlis thiab, raws li kev noj zaub mov kom raug thiab tu, txuas ntxiv ua txhua xyoo. Kev tsim khoom siab tshaj plaws - hauv thawj 12 lub hlis ntawm lub neej, tom qab ntawd nws txo qis me ntsis (tab sis qhov no yog ib qho zoo rau ntau tus noog).

Cov xwm txheej hauv tebchaws

Cov Neeg Laus Bielefelder qaib muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab nyob ze txawm tias nyob ze ntawm lub feeder, yog li koj yuav tsum ua kom lawv puv. Cov me nyuam qaib xav tau cov protein ntau thiab calcium ntau hauv lawv cov zaub mov (ntses, nqaij, pob kws, khoom noj siv mis, lossis lwm yam khoom noj xws li PC-5 yog cov khoom noj tsim nyog).

Nws yog ib qho kev xyaum muab zaub qhuav qhuav rau me nyuam qaib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 1.5-5 lub hlis kom tsim tau cov minerals uas xav tau.

Nqaij qaib

Nyob xav tau ib qho zoo, zoo-ua qaib coop nrog perches, tsis muaj cov ntawv sau, nyiam dua nrog rwb thaiv tsev (hauv nruab nrab lub caij ntuj no, koj tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj cua sov). Ua ob thiab triple tiers ntawm perches tsis tsim nyog - qaib yog hnyav, thiab, sim nce siab, lawv yuav thawb thiab poob rau hauv vain. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj qhov dav dav aviary lossis vaj / vaj.

qaib los yog qe?

Yog tias koj muaj qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab kev paub txog kev yug tsiaj qaib, koj tuaj yeem yuav "replenishment" hauv daim ntawv ntawm qe. Nws yooj yim dua rau kev thauj lawv hauv daim ntawv no (feem ntau lub chaw zov me nyuam thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb yog ntau pua mais sib nrug).

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis muaj kev paub dhau los (lossis kev ntseeg siab), nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov qauv neeg laus. Thaum cov qaib me me, lawv xav tau kev paub ntau ntxiv thiab kev saib xyuas, qhov ua yuam kev loj nrog qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem rov qab los haunt tus kab mob lossis kev tuag ntawm cov noog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov me nyuam qaib thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob peb lub hlis twb muaj kev ywj pheej, lawv nyuaj dua thiab tsis nyiam noj zaub mov.

Cov lus pom zoo

Ib tug qaib txaus rau 12 tus pojniam ntawm no. Los ntawm 5, 5 lub hlis, nws yog tsim nyog cog lawv nyob rau hauv nyias compartments kom txog rau thaum hens pib nteg. Koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau kev noj haus: txawm hais tias txaus calcium thiab protein thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov neeg laus qaib kuj yuav tsum tau noj nrog cov vitamins thiab minerals.

Txhawm rau kom qaib muab qe rau lub caij ntuj no, lub sijhawm nruab hnub nrig yog qhov tseem ceeb: yog tias lawv luv dhau, lawv yuav tsis maj. Tsis muaj lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws - ib tus neeg tsim lub sijhawm "teeb" ntawm hnub ntawm 6 teev sawv ntxov, ib tus neeg los ntawm 7-8 teev sawv ntxov txog 10 teev tsaus ntuj.

qaib yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cais los ntawm lwm cov noog. Nqaij qaib pub tsis muaj txhua yam uas koj xav tau, yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam loj hlob tuaj ntxiv tsev cheese, ntses los yog tshwj xeeb complexes ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals rau zaub mov.

YKoj tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum tau muab beets, zaub qhwv, taub dag, nqaij thiab pob txha thiab ntses noj, nplej, oats, pob kws, peas, taum pauv. Oats - heevhigh-calorie khoom, ntxiv rau, nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv carbohydrates, vitamins thiab ntau yam ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm. Pub ib lub oat, raws li qee tus neeg ua liaj ua teb qaib ua, kuj ua tau, tab sis nws puas tsim nyog? Nws yog qhov ntse dua ntxiv rau cov noog pub rau lub caij ntuj no-caij nplooj ntoos hlav, hauv qhov piv ntawm 30-50% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom noj.

Yuav kom cov noog kom tsis txhob rog (qhov no lawv maj nrawm dua), nws raug nquahu kom txwv cov zaub mov, tab sis muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no - yog tias muaj zaub mov me me, cov neeg laus qaib yuav xub noj, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav nyob twj ywm ib nrab tshaib plab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias tus tswv siv lub teeb pom kev ntxiv rau lub caij ntuj no, cov hens txuas ntxiv nteg thiab tsis suav cov rog ntau dhau.

Pub tus neeg laus qaib ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib hnub yog txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog lub caij ntuj sov, koj tuaj yeem tso cov nplej rau hauv cov khoom noj, thiab muab cov zaub mov siav tsuas yog ob lossis peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam.

Bielefelder qaib muaj Amrox, New Hampshire, Raspberry, Rhode Island thiab Welzummer noog ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv. Cov tom kawg yog ib hom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Dutch xaiv, tso txhua xyoo puag ncig thiab tsim cov qe loj uas hnyav 70-80 g. Lawv tau bred nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo caum ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Lawv muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev - Welzummers hardy, ntxov loj hlob, nrhiav zaub mov zoo thaum taug kev, thiab muaj tus cwj pwm zoo.

Amrox yug, lwm tus poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Bielefelder, tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th raws li kev xaiv ntawm Plymouth Rock striped yug. Cov no yog cov noog, sib npaug, kuj autosex, muaj peev xwm tsim tau txog li 200 qe ib xyoos. Lawv loj heev - roosters ncav cuag qhov hnyav ntawm 4 kg, qaib- 2.5 kg.

Raspberry qaib yug yog tsawg heev nyob rau hauv Russia, nws yog ib hom noog bred los ntawm German breeders. Lawv keeb kwm yog complex thiab rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 19th. "Mechelen qaib" (lwm lub npe rau cov tsiaj) muaj cov nqaij qab heev, qhov pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws uas yog qhov tseeb tias lub tebchaws tseem ceeb ntawm Mechelen (qhov twg lawv tuaj) yog lub mis tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noog no.

New Hampshire

Cov noog ntawm cov nqaij thiab qe kev taw qhia yog ob leeg poj koob yawm txwv thiab "cov kwv tij" ntawm Bielefelder, vim lawv kuj tau yug los nrog kev koom tes ntawm Rhode Island yug. Cov qaib ntawm cov tsiaj no muaj kev tsim incubation instinct, zoo qe ntau lawm (200-220 pieces ib xyoo nrog ib tug luj ntawm 65 mus rau 70 grams), thiab, ntxiv rau, lawv loj heev - mus txog 4.5 kilograms rau roosters thiab mus txog rau 3.5. kilos rau hens.

New Hampshire qaib yog unpretentious nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab tej yam kev mob ntawm kev raug kaw, niaj hnub no lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv industrial poultry ua liaj ua teb thiab tsev neeg thaj av. Nyob rau hauv Russia, muaj coob tus noog - ntau tshaj 200 txhiab daim ntawv.

Rhode Island

Rhode Island qaib kuj yog nqaij thiab qe thiab tau bred nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th vim yog hla Leghorns, Wyandots, Cornish, Cochinchins thiab Liab Malays.

Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov zoo nkauj hnyav qaib nrog cov nqaij qab, tsim tau 160-170 qe ib xyoos.

Bielefelder tus neeg sib tw yug tsiaj

Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab nyob rau hauv lub expanses ntawm lub qub USSR tag nrho, muaj lwm yam breeds muaj peev xwmlos sib tw nrog Bielefelders.

Ntawm cov nqaij thiab qe yug, piv txwv li, muaj ib qho xws li Leningrad dawb - zoo heev tsis yog ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev, tab sis kuj sib piv nrog txhua hom tsiaj. Cov qaib uas tsim los ntawm Leningrad Institute of Poultry Farming tau mus txog qib ntawm cov qe tshwj xeeb - nteg qe tau muab txog 240 daim hauv ib xyoos (qhov hnyav - 60-62 grams), nrog rau cov nqaij zoo thiab kom muaj nuj nqis.

Cov noog no tau bred los ntawm ntau yam kev txhaj tshuaj - Australopes raug xaiv los ua cov neeg pub dawb, uas nws cov ntshav tau ntxiv rau lub cev ntawm leghorns dawb.

Lwm yam zoo hauv tsev yog Moscow Dawb, bred ntawm All-Union Poultry Institute. Nws tsis yog ntau heev - nws yog bred tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sau herds thiab tsev neeg thaj av. Txawm li cas los xij, cov noog muab txog 180 qe (nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 55 grams) thiab cov nqaij qab heev. Ib tug qaib loj hlob mus rau qhov hnyav ntawm 2.4 kg, ib tug qaib - 3.1 kg ntawm qhov nruab nrab.

Kuchinki

Cov nqaij thiab qe hauv tsev, bred ntawm Kuchinsky State Poultry Plant nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, muaj qe ntau ntau rau cov kev taw qhia no. Kuchinskaya jubilee, zoo li Bielefelder, muaj Rhode Island cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm nws cov poj koob yawm txwv, thiab kuj autosex - kev sib deev ntawm qaib tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nrog 85-98% raug.

Cov hens no feem ntau tsa rau kev tua - lawv muaj nqaij qab, thiab ob lub hlis thiab ib nrab, cov txiv neej twb hnyav 1.6-1.7 kg, qaib - 1.3-1.5 kg.

Tib lub sijhawm, cov hens tsim tau 16-200 qe ib xyoos.

Kuchinsky hnub tseem ceeb qaib yog unpretentious, yoog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes thiab sai sai fledges. Qhov hnyav nce mus txog 3.0 kg rau poj niam thiab 3.7 kg rau txiv neej.

Kev tu cov neeg laus clumps tsis yog qhov nyuaj dhau, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov neeg nyob deb nroog lossis hauv nroog - nyob rau lub caij ntuj no me me, lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntoo, yog tias nws raug kaw los ntawm cov ntawv sau thiab muaj cov quav cab txaus. nkag rau hauv.

Raws li cov cim qhia, cov noog no tau mus txog ib qho ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntiag tug, Lavxias teb sab dawb yug. Nws kuj tau bred los ntawm Leghorns, tsuas yog roosters ntawm hom no tau hla nrog cov nqaij qaib zoo tib yam.

Qhov tshwm sim, tau pom zoo hauv xyoo 1953 (thiab kev xaiv ua haujlwm tau pib xyoo 1929), tau tshaj txhua qhov kev cia siab: unpretentious hauv cov zaub mov thiab cov noog muaj zog uas hnyav 1.6-1.8 kg rau poj niam thiab 2-2,5 kg rau txiv neej, muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 200-230 qe ib xyoos, thiab qee zaum mus txog 300 qe ib xyoos. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov noog me no tiv taus txias, leukemia, neoplasms, carcinomas thiab Marek's kab mob thiab muaj siab tawv heev.

Lub ncov ntawm kev muaj koob meej ntawm Lavxias teb sab dawb yug los xyoo 1965, txawm li cas los xij, txij li thaum lawv tseem qis dua lawv "cov poj koob yawm txwv" Leghorns, los ntawm 1990 cov pejxeem poob ntawm 29.7 lab taub hau mus rau 3.2 lab.