Kev saib xyuas thiab pub mis ntawm strawberries nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Strawberries hu ua vaj strawberries los ntawm ntau tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tom kawg yog ib tug ywj siab Berry grower, ob peb paub txog nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm tsab xov xwm no, lub vaj strawberries nyob rau hauv nws lub npe "strawberries" yuav raug txiav txim siab. Nws yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus uas tsis muaj cov as-ham hauv av.

Yuav tsum tau siv chiv

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb siv chernozem av hauv lawv txoj kev siv, uas xyaum tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom noj ntxiv nrog cov chiv kom rov qab lawv cov nyiaj seem hauv av kom txog rau thaum qee cov nroj tsuag tau noj lawv los ntawm cov substrate no rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Strawberries yog perennials zus nyob rau hauv tib cheeb tsam rau ntau lub caij. Yuav kom tau txais cov qoob loo zoo, koj yuav tsum tau pub nws. Strawberries teb zoo rau cov uas ua tiav raws sijhawm thiab nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus.

Kev faib cov chiv rau vaj strawberries

Qhov nokab lis kev cai tsis xav tau ntau, tab sis nyiam ntau yam khoom noj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ob qho tib si organic thiab ntxhia chiv rau nws. Thaum lub sij hawm fertilization ntawm strawberries, tshuaj tua kab kuj siv tau los tawm tsam ntau yam teeb meem khoom.

Los ntawm cov chiv chiv, cov hauv qab no yog siv:

• ntoo tshauv, uas yuav tsum tau siv cais los ntawm cov chiv nitrogen, vim nws txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm nitrogen rau hauv ammonia thiab nws cov volatilization sai - nws yog siv li ntawm ib lub lis piam tom qab thov cov ntxhia chiv; tau tsis tsuas yog los ntawm ntoo, tab sis kuj los ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag residues, thaum nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txawv tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg;
• composts;
• nyuj thiab nees;
• qaib quav.

Los ntawm cov ntxhia siv:

• chiv muaj macronutrients (NPK);
• complex;
• muaj cov kab lus.

Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv hauv macrofertilizers hauv daim ntawv ntawm impurities lossis siv los ua cov micronutrients cais. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv cov kev siv cais, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tu thiab pub strawberries nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsim, vim hais tias cov khoom siv hluavtaws raug nqi ib co nyiaj.

Nitrogen chiv, zoo li lwm yam qoob loo, yog siv rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav vim tias lub caij yog volatile heev. Lwm cov macronutrients tuaj yeem siv ua ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg. Microfertilizers yog siv yog tias tsim nyog.

Kev tsimzes qe menyuam, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog boron, uas yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv tsawg heev. Nrog nws cov tsis muaj peev xwm, cov nplooj ua asymmetrical, cov hauv paus hniav tsis tau txais kev loj hlob zoo, berries yog deformed. Cov khoom no yooj yim absorbed los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum foliar pub. Rau nws txoj kev siv, boric acid yog siv.

Kev txiav txim siab hnav khaub ncaws tsim nyog

Lawv tus lej yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm berries. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau ua tom qab 3-5 xyoos. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Yog tias huab cua sov, ces cov hnub yuav hloov mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub sijhawm no. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem nqa tawm ua ntej pib lub caij nplooj zeeg. Kev hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj ntawm strawberries nyob rau lub caij no ntawm lub xyoo yog ua tiav tom qab qhov kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem no.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus tuaj yeem ua ke daim ntawv thov ntawm ntau yam khoom noj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws lub caij ntuj sov daim ntawv thov xaiv. Hauv qhov no, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav muaj cov as-ham txaus rau tag nrho lub caij, kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Kev nqis tes ua

Pub mis nyuj rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tuaj yeem ua tau ob theem:

• thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas sprouts thiab nplooj tshwm;
• tom qab tsim ntawm zes qe menyuam;
• kev pub mov thib peb yog ua thaum lub caij ntuj sov;
• plaub - lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav

Yog tias muaj sijhawm mus xyuas cov cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub caij ntuj no lig - thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ces cov chiv qhuav tuaj yeem tawg mus rau saum cov daus. Xws li sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm strawberriesNyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws contributes rau lub fact tias chiv yaj nyob rau hauv nws thiab mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag lawv tus kheej. Yog li koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshauv qhuav thiab ntxhia chiv.

Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub vaj nyob rau lub sijhawm no, yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus thaum thawj loosening. Ua li no, lawv tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm lub vaj, sib xyaw nrog txheej txheej thiab nchuav lossis ntxiv cov tshuaj npaj rau hauv av.

Thaum tsis muaj dej ntawm qhov chaw, hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus ua ntej qhov xav tau los nag lossis foliar fertilization yog ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau ib tug me me ntawm cov dej los npaj cov tshuaj, uas yuav coj mus rau lub cog nrog koj.

Qhuav chiv yuav tsum tsis txhob ncaj qha mus rau cov hauv paus hniav, vim qhov no yuav ua rau cov combustion ntawm nyias cov hauv paus hniav, uas thauj dej thiab as-ham rau cov nroj tsuag.

Kev npaj cov kev daws rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav

Nitrogen yog siv rau lub sijhawm no ntawm lub xyoo txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhuam, nws, nws raug nquahu, nws yuav siv cov chiv nitrogen, cov chiv yuav tsum tau siv cov chiv yog siv chiv, nws yuav tsum tau siv cov chiv nitrogen, cov chiv yuav tsum tau siv xwb,ដែរ។ Thaum ntxov pub ntawm strawberries muaj kev qhia txog kev daws nyob rau hauv txhua Bush nyob rau hauv ib tug ntim ntawm txog 1 liter. Kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev.

Qee ntawm lawv tau qhia hauv qab no:

• ntxiv 1/2 tsp. boric acid, 1/2 khob tshauv, 1 tbsp. l. urea muaj nitrogen ib 10 liv dej thiab txog 3 g ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate - li no tag nrho cov tsim nyog macro- thiab microelements ntxiv, high-zoo berries uas yuav khaws cia rau ib ntev lub sij hawm tau txais, thiab kuj muaj me ntsis. tshuaj tua kab mob;
• ncuav ncuav tshiab los yog qhuav rye yog nchuav nrog dej sov, tom qab ntawd nws tawm rau ib lub lim tiam kom ferment - nws yuav tsum nyob 2/3 ntawm lub ntim;

• ua ntej lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav pub mis ntawm strawberries, qhov sib tov yog diluted nrog dej hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 3;
• boric acid yog ntxiv rau 10 liv dej hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 1 tsp, iodine - 30 tee thiab 1 khob tshauv;
• rau tib lub ntim dej, ntxiv 1 tbsp. l. ammonium sulfate thiab mullein nyob rau hauv ib qho nyiaj tsis tshaj 0.5 l;
• qaib quav yog yaj hauv dej hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1:12;
• rau 10 liv dej ntxiv 1 liter ntawm mullein los yog nitrophoska nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 1 tbsp. l.;
• 300 g ntawm mullein tuaj yeem ntxiv rau tib lub ntim ntawm cov kua, insisted rau 2 hnub, ces ntxiv 15 g ntawm ammonium sulfate thiab dej ib nrab ib liter nyob rau hauv txhua Bush;
• kua tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav hauv qhov sib piv 3: 1.

Thaum tu cov txiv pos nphuab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, fertilizing yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua kom tsis txhob hlawv cov nroj tsuag thiab tsis overfeed lawv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo. Yog li cov rog yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv cov koob tshuaj nruj me ntsis.

Npaj cov kev daws rau lub caij ntuj sov daim ntawv thov

Yog tias thawj fertilizing ntawm strawberries yog npaj los muab cov nroj tsuag nrog nitrogen rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm vegetative loj, ces lub caij ntuj sov fertilizing yuav tsum muab lawv nrog poov tshuaj thiab kab kawm rau tag nrho cov tsim ntawm lub hauv paus system thiab raws sij hawm. tso generative buds rau xyoo tom ntej. Cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm ib nrab ib liter nyob rau hauv txhua Bush. strawberry taupub nrog tshauv qhuav ntawm ob lub lis piam ib ntus.

Kev daws tuaj yeem npaj tau ntau txoj hauv kev (daim ntawv qhia rau 10 liv dej):

• potassium nitrate - 2 tbsp. l.;
• Nitrophoska - 2 tbsp. l. thiab poov tshuaj sulfate - 1 tsp;
• 1 khob ntawm vermicompost nrog infusion rau 24 teev, ua ntej hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus cov tshuaj yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1;
• 100g tshauv; ½ khob ntawm humus yog infused rau ib hnub, tom qab ntawd 15 g ntawm poov tshuaj nitrate ntxiv rau qhov sib tov.

Kev npaj daws teeb meem rau daim ntawv thov caij nplooj zeeg

Tsis zoo li fertilizing strawberries nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij no nws yog nqa tawm los xyuas kom meej ib tug zoo overwintering ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov koob tshuaj ntawm daim ntawv thov rau txhua lub hav txwv yeem yog kwv yees li tib yam li lub caij ntuj sov hnav khaub ncaws.

Ntawm no, ntau txoj hauv kev rau nws qhov kev npaj kuj tseem ua tau (rau tib lub ntim uas tau hais ua ntej):

• nitroammophoska - 2 tbsp. l., poov tshuaj sulfate - 30 g thiab tshauv - 1 khob;
• superphosphate - 2 tbsp. l., tshauv - 1 khob thiab 1 liter ntawm mullein;
• ash - ½ khob ib 1 liter ntawm mullein.

Strawberry chiv on sale

Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias cov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem npaj tau ntawm nws tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no.

Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

• "Fertik";
• "Agricola";
• "Gumi-Omi";
• lwm yam uas tau cim "rau strawberries / strawberries".

Txhaj tshuaj poov xab

Kev saib xyuas thiab pub mis ntawm strawberries yog tsom tsis tsuas yog muab cov nroj tsuag nrog cov as-ham tsim nyog, tab sis kuj ua rau lub substrate yooj yim tshaj plaws rau lub neej ntawm cov berries. Cov poov xab yog cov kab mob microscopic uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qauv hauv av.

Pub mis strawberries nrog poov xab provokes sai sai decomposition ntawm organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov av, pab rau lawv hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib daim ntawv muaj rau cov nroj tsuag. Nrog nws cov kev siv, txhua hom roj teeb ua tau yooj yim zom tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau nws cov kev pab, lawv ua tiav cov hauv paus tsim, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, contributes rau ib tug ntau haib tsim ntawm Bush thiab tsim ntawm loj berries rau nws.

Thaum ua ntawv thov, nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov poov xab tau siv rau cov av uas muaj cua sov zoo, qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv cov kev loj hlob yog tsim ntawm qhov kub ntawm ntau tshaj 20 degrees. Thaum lub sij hawm fermentation ntawm cov fungi, ntau calcium thiab poov tshuaj raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd, tom qab fertilizing nrog poov xab, ib tug tshauv tov yog ntxiv.

Daim ntawv qhia cov poov xab hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv los pub berries:

• dej sov yog nchuav rau hauv ib lub hub peb litre mus txog lub xub pwg;
• ntxiv 25 g nias lossis 12 g poov xab qhuav;
• 4-5 tbsp. l. qab zib;
• tag nrho cov khoom sib tov thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sov kom txog thaum nws pib ua si, uas yuav yogua tim khawv txog cov npuas uas tshwm rau saum npoo;
• cov tshuaj npaj tau nchuav rau hauv kaum-liter thawv, topped nrog dej, tom qab ntawd cov hauv paus hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm ntawm ib koob ntawm 0.5-1 l nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws saum toj no yog qhia txog kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov kab mob hauv av.

Ammonia daim ntawv thov

Cov khoom no muaj nitrogen hauv daim ntawv ammonium. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab uas pab tua ntau yam kab tsuag: aphids, Maybug, raspberry-strawberry weevil, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tso cai rau koj los rhuav tshem cov kab mob fungal uas nyob ntawm nplooj thiab stems ntawm strawberries.

Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm fertilizing lub berries, ib tug tov yog npaj. Txhawm rau npaj nws, dej yog ntxiv rau 10 l thawv, rau hauv uas 2-3 tbsp. l. ammonia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov khoom muaj nyob rau tom kawg yog ammonia, uas tuaj yeem hlawv cov mucous daim nyias nyias, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem nqus nws cov vapors, koj yuav tsum ntsuas cov koob tshuaj hauv huab cua ntshiab.

Nyob hauv kaw

Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov zaub mov zoo rau cov txiv pos nphuab nrog kev hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj siv ob qho tib si organic thiab ntxhia roj, nrog rau cov khoom uas tsis yog chiv, tab sis tuaj yeem ua tiav rau cov qoob loo no. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws los siv hom sib xyaw, uas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv mullein, noog droppings, poov xab thiab hluavtaws chiv. Nitrogen sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txij li thaum lub caij no yog txaustsis hloov pauv. Tus so tuaj yeem ua tiav thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj yog ua nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis txaus los tsim lub zes qe menyuam.