Kos hauv chess. Cov cai ntawm kev ua si

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Chess yog ib qho kev ua si qub uas tau nyob ib puag ncig 15 centuries. Qee tus hu nws ua yeeb yam, lwm tus hu nws ua kis las, thiab txhua xyoo lawv tuav kev sib tw ntawm cov chess zoo tshaj plaws. Kev yeej ib txwm nyob nrog cov neeg uas muaj lub siab ntshiab, muaj lub siab xav thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom raug suav. Tom qab tag nrho, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm pom tag nrho cov kev txav ntawm tus neeg sib tw ua ntej kom tsis txhob poob rau hauv "cuav", kom muaj peev xwm dodge daim tshev thiab tsawg kawg ua rau muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo li kos hauv chess.

Basic rules of the game

Txhawm rau pib ua si, koj yuav tsum paub cov cai yooj yim ntawm chess. Kos, stalemate, checkmate, kos - cov no yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ua si, uas koj kuj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev ua si yog nyob rau hauv qhov sib txuas ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm mus rau tus neeg saib xyuas, uas yog, mus rau txoj haujlwm uas tus nrog sib ntaus tus huab tais nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tsis muaj kev cia siab.

Ob tug neeg koom nrog, txhua tus muaj 8 pawns, 2 knights, 2 rooks, 2 npis sov, huab tais thiab huab tais. Pawns yeej ib txwm muab tso rau hauv qib thib ob, lawv siv lub tshuab tseem ceeb rau lawv tus kheej, tiv thaiv cov khoom muaj zog. Thiab nyob rau hauv thawj kab yog: raws ntug ntawm lub rook, ces knights, ces tus npis sov, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrabhuab tais thiab poj huab tais (dub ntawm dub square thiab dawb ntawm dawb). Thawj qhov kev txav mus los yog muab rau cov neeg ua si chess nrog lub teeb ci. Thiab leej twg yuav ua si nrog qhov txiav txim siab los ntawm kos.

chess daim txav li cas?

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv chess yog huab tais. Nws tsuas yog txav mus rau ib qho chaw nyob ib sab, tsis hais nws cov xim, tab sis tsuas yog tias nws tsis nyob thiab tsis nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam los ntawm tus nrog sib ntaus. Tus poj huab tais muaj zog tshaj plaws tuaj yeem txav mus thoob plaws lub rooj tsavxwm ob leeg kab rov tav, diagonally thiab vertically ntawm 1, 2, 3 lossis ntau dua squares. Players sim tiv thaiv daim duab no, vim nws muaj ntau lub sijhawm. Lub rook yog me ntsis inferior nyob rau hauv lub zog rau huab tais. Nws tuaj yeem taug kev ncaj nraim tsuas yog vertically lossis diagonally thiab tseem nyob ntawm tus lej tsis kawg.

Tsuas yog cov sib sib zog nqus thiab tsis muaj zog. Tus npisov tsuas yog txav mus rau diagonally, ib qho ntawm cov squares dub thiab lwm qhov tsuas yog ntawm cov dawb xwb. Tus nees txav mus rau hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb, nrog tsab ntawv "G", uas yog, ob lub hlwb rau pem hauv ntej lossis rov qab thiab ib sab (txoj cai lossis sab laug). Yog li ntawd, nws dhia los ntawm ib tug dub teb mus rau ib tug dawb, los yog vice versa, los ntawm ib tug dawb teb mus rau ib tug dub. Qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv kev ua si chess yog pawns, lawv ib txwm txav mus rau pem hauv ntej, vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab. Tab sis yog tsawg kawg yog ib tug mus txog qhov kawg ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, ces ntawm tus neeg uas ua ntawv xaiv nws yuav ua tau ib tug poj huab tais, npis sov, rook los yog knight.

Yog tias muaj ib tus neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev txav ntawm ib qho, koj tuaj yeem "txiav" nws, tshem nws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thiab coj nws qhov chaw. Tab sis nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau coj nws, qee zaum nws yog qhov zoo dua los nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev, thiaj li tsis hloovntaus koj cov khoom muaj zog thiab yog li tiv thaiv kev kos lossis kos tus phooj ywg hauv chess.

Shah

Thaum lub sijhawm ua si ntawm chess, cov neeg ua si txav cov khoom ncig ntawm thaj chaw, sib ntaus sib tua, "kaws", tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Tus huab tais yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm mus txog thaum kawg ntawm qhov kev ua si, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem muab nws tso rau hauv daim tshev lossis tus neeg txheeb xyuas.

Check yog ib txoj hauj lwm uas huab tais tau tawm tsam los ntawm ib qho yeeb ncuab. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no mus, nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev:

• Txav deb ntawm lub xwmfab tawm tsam mus rau lwm qhov xwm txheej nyab xeeb.
• Yog tias ua tau, ces kaw nrog koj lwm daim. Yog tias daim tshev muab tso rau ntawm tus tub rog lossis tus pawn, ces txoj kev no siv tsis tau.
• Tshem tawm tus neeg tawm tsam nrog koj daim.

Chat

Txhua tus neeg ua si hauv qhov kev ua si sim tshuaj xyuas nws tus nrog sib tw. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauj lwm uas huab tais tsis tuaj yeem tawm ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm daim. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov no yog tib daim tshev, tab sis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv nws. Txhua daim tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas, tshwj tsis yog huab tais, txij li thaum nyob ze rau tus yeeb ncuab, nws tso nws tus kheej los ntawm kev tawm tsam, uas yog tsis yooj yim sua. Checkmate yog qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev ua si nrog kev yeej ntawm ib qho ntawm ob tog. Tab sis muaj cov xwm txheej thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tus khub hauv txhua txoj kev, feem ntau yog vim muaj tus lej tsis txaus ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Yog li, qhov stalemate tau tshaj tawm hauv chess - kos.

Pab

lo lus no los ntawm lo lus Italian thiab Fabkis txhais tau tias "khi game". Qhov no yog txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ua ib tug txav, txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv notus huab tais tsis nyob rau hauv check. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, kos rau hauv chess tau txiav txim siab. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov xwm txheej thaum tsuas muaj ob tus vajntxwv nyob tom teb. Txij li lawv tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ib leeg, tau tshaj tawm tias muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb.

Ua tsaug ntau rau qhov stalemate zam lub checkmate. Piv txwv li, Dawb muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom. Dub tsuas muaj ib tug huab tais thiab ib nkawm pawns, uas yog them los ntawm lawv cov neeg tawm tsam. Nws zoo nkaus li tias tus neeg saib xyuas tsis nyob deb, tab sis ntawm no tus huab tais tsis muaj qhov twg mus, vim muaj "sab laug" nyob txhua qhov chaw, thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem tso koj tus kheej tawm tsam. Yog li, vim yog Dawb qhov tsis txaus siab, qhov kos tau tshaj tawm hauv chess, thiab nws tsuas yog 0.5 cov ntsiab lus hauv kev sib tw, txawm tias nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus yeej ntawm qhov kev ua si.

Dab tsi yog stalemate txhais li cas hauv chess? Puas yog poob lossis kos? Nws nyuaj rau teb lo lus nug no. Rau ib tug neeg uas yog ib kauj ruam deb ntawm yeej, qhov kev npaj txhij txog stalemate yog qhov swb. Thiab rau ib tug neeg uas yuav luag tau ib tug checkmate, qhov no yog yuav luag yeej, vim hais tias nws yuav tsis tau cov 0.5 ntsiab lus.