Hardwood: yog dab tsi?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsim khoom, cov khoom siv ib txwm raug hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv high-tech hauv ntau yam qauv. Lawv txawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub cev zoo, uas tso cai rau lawv kom ntseeg siab hloov cov ntoo thiab txawm tias hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv ntoo muaj ntau qhov zoo vim yog tus nqi qis ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Lub zog yog suav tias yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv no. Txhawm rau nce qhov ntsuas no, cov tuam ntxhab Siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los ua kom nruj, ntom ntom thiab, feem ntau, feem ntau, feem ntau, feem ntau, feem ntau, tsis kam, feem ntau, cuam tshuam rau kev puas tshuab puas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntoo tawv ib txwm muaj cov khoom no, feem ntau tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev kho cua sov tshwj xeeb.

Hard wood nta

Feem ntau, qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li no yog ntsuas los ntawm peb qhov ntsuas - qhov ntom ntom, Brinell hardness thiab hla ntuag nruj. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov ntom ntawm cov ntoo yog li 1200-1400 kg / m³. Raws li Brinell hardness, tus nqi no tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3.5 kgf / mm ^{2, thiab tus ntoo khaub lig txiav hardness yog 80 MPa. Ntxiv dua thiab, cov duab no yograu cov ntoo paub txog Lavxias teb sab tej yam kev mob, thiab kab txawv tej zaum yuav muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev. Cov ntoo dab tsi yog cov ntoo tawv hauv thaj chaw temperate? Feem ntau cais cov ntoo qhib, beech, tshauv thiab qee hom hornbeam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog tias nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm cov hardness, cov ntoo no kuj txawv ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Nws twb tau hais tias txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo, cov ntoo tuaj yeem raug rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv. Qee lub sij hawm cov khoom ntoo kuj raug ua haujlwm zoo sib xws kom tau txais cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev. Thiab ntawm no muaj teeb meem loj manifests nws tus kheej, vim tias muaj ntau lub pob zeb, vim lawv qhov siab ntaug, tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntawm kev sib tsoo, impregnation, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ziab. Feem ntau cov kab nrib pleb, chips thiab lwm yam tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv deformation yog tsim.}

Hardwood Classifications

Txhais qhov txawv ntawm cov tsiaj uas loj hlob hauv thaj chaw huab cua thiab cov ntoo txawv. Kuj tseem muaj kev faib ua hom deciduous thiab coniferous. Txawm hais tias feem ntau hardwoods tseem deciduous, ntawm cov koob kuj muaj ntau yam nrog nce ceev thiab nruj yam ntxwv. Raws li rau cov pob zeb ntawm thaj chaw temperate, lawv suav nrog maple, boxwood, briar thiab hais txog hornbeam. Coniferous hardwoods kuj yog cov feem ntau ntawm no. Leej twg ntawm lawv muaj qhov qhia tau tshaj plaws ntawm hardness? Hauv qhov no, larch, yew, juniper thiab lawson tsim nyog mloog. Muaj cov pob zeb tawv thiab ntawm ib txwm muajTxiv hmab txiv ntoo - pawg no suav nrog hav zoov txiv apples, oxalis, txiv duaj, roob tshauv thiab qee hom walnut. Raws li rau cov pob zeb txawv, lawv ua kom pom qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm hardness thiab ntom. Ntawm no, cov ntoo liab thiab txiv qaub, rosewood, eucalyptus, thiab lwm yam yog qhov txaus siab heev. Tam sim no nws tsim nyog xav txog ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo nyuaj tshaj plaws.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, hom no yog cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws, vim nws tuaj yeem yuav ntawm muag dawb. Qhov no yog ib tsob ntoo kub hnyiab, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov siab hardness, nrog rau cov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm qhov txiav. Freshly sawn ntoo muaj xim daj-liab, tab sis dhau sij hawm nws tau hloov los ntawm cov xim tsaus nti, uas muab cov khoom nobility. Raws li, cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab tsis yog tsuas yog cov txuj ci, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm tsob ntoo no. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias los ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, backout thiab boxwood kuj yog rau hardwoods. Ntxiv mus, cov pob zeb no siv tsis tau tsuas yog ua cov khoom tiav, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov cuab yeej siv. Tab sis mahogany kuj txawv los ntawm kev yooj yim ntawm machining. Qhov ceev ntawm lub pob zeb no tsis yog siab npaum li piv rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb, yog li cov khoom siv raw no yog qhov xav tau hauv cov rooj tog zaum.

Ironwood

Yog tias cov khoom hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem hloov cov hlau vim lawv lub zog, ces cov tsiaj notsis tsuas yog tuaj yeem coj qhov chaw ntawm lub caij resistant rau mechanical stress nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw, tab sis tib lub sij hawm ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib puag ncig kuj. Lub tswv yim ntawm tsob ntoo hlau suav nrog tag nrho pawg ntawm hom uas feem ntau loj hlob hauv cov teb chaws ntawm thaj av Esxias thiab hauv Australia. Cov neeg sawv cev classic ntawm pab pawg yog Persian parrotia. Cov tsiaj no muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov relic, qhov twg cov neeg nyob hauv zos tau ua tes rau riam thiab axes los ntawm nws txij thaum ancient sij hawm. Niaj hnub no, "hlau" ntoo ntawm hardwoods yog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO. Cov tsiaj no, tshwj xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj, uas ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau nws los ntawm kev ua lag luam.

Merbau

Qhov no tsis yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, tab sis hais txog lwm yam kev ua haujlwm zoo, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Yav dhau los, tsob ntoo no tau siv hauv kev tsim cov nkoj. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov khoom yog resistant rau noo noo thiab kuj tsis qhuav tawm. Yog li ntawd, merbau tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem raug kev kho cua sov thiab siv hauv kev tsim kho. Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, ntoo ntoo, zoo li hornbeam los yog beech, xyaum tsis zam kev ua ntxiv. Tab sis merbau tsis tu ncua ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ib txwm muaj los txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej.

tsaj dawb

Lub pob zeb nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia, uas muaj nuj nqis tsis yog rau lub zog xwb, tab sis kuj tseem tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem lom neeg.kev puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom acacia no zoo polished thiab tsis tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev. Raws li kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob, ntoo kuj tsis raug rau kev puas tsuaj me me. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev yam ntxwv, hom no yog superior rau tej hardwoods li ntoo qhib thiab tshauv.

Tshuaj ntsuab

Lub hardness index ntawm tsob ntoo no yog ib qho ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Suffice nws hais tias cov khoom optimally copes nrog nws cov dej num thaum siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm bearings, bushings thiab brackets. Hauv cov tub rog, cov ntoo ntawm hom no feem ntau siv los ua cov khoom siv lawj. Tab sis raws li ntoo, backout muaj nuj nqis rau lwm yam laj thawj. Nws tsis qiv nws tus kheej rau deforming cov txheej txheem raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm tus neeg tsis zoo. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev muaj zog uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv. Muaj lwm cov ntoo tawv uas tseem qhia tau tias muaj kev tiv thaiv rau cov khoom hnyav. Tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm qhov rov qab yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntom ntom.

siv cov ntoo tawv

Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv no yog siv hauv kev tsim kho. Ntoo hauv ib daim ntawv lossis lwm qhov tuaj yeem siv los ua lub hauv paus rau cov qauv, thiab ua tiav. Cov tsiaj sib cais kuj tau siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm mechanical engineering thiab instrumentation. Ntawm cov no, cais cov haujlwm ua haujlwm tau ua nrog kev cia siab ntawm lub sijhawm ntevsiv - thiab nws tuaj yeem yog ob qho khoom siv ib ntus thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv. Cov no yog cov tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua, thaj chaw uas siv cov ntoo muaj zog. Cov ntoo mos, tawv ntoo, nrog rau hom ntoo nrog qhov ntsuas qhov nruab nrab ntom ntom kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob. Hauv qhov no, hardness tsis tseem ceeb heev. Qhov tseeb yog tias ntau hom kab txawv muaj cov resins uas tshwj xeeb hauv lawv qhov zoo. Kev npaj cov tshuaj sib tov rau kev siv sab hauv thiab sab nraud, tshwj xeeb, tso cai rau koj los tua cov kab mob ntawm cov pob qij txha, cov kab mob ua pa, thiab lwm yam.

Zaj lus

Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tsim tau paub zoo txog txoj cai uas nce ib qho khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav luag ib txwm ua rau txo qis lwm yam zoo. Ib feem, txoj cai no tseem siv tau rau cov ntoo tawv, uas, raws li qee yam ntxwv, poob rau cov ntoo mos. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puas tsuaj lom, lub cev deformation, nrog rau kev ntxhib los mos distortion yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob zeb mos siv rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, xws li ntoo muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov raug rau cov kev kho mob ntxiv. Tau kawg, muaj kev zam nyob rau hauv ob pawg, tab sis cov qauv muag vim nws qhov qis dua yog tseem muaj ntau dua los ua cov khoom tshiab artificially.