Dab tsi yog cov organic LEDs?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nrog lub sijhawm los ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov zej zog mus rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, uas qhia txog kev cog qoob loo ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam thiab kev nce hauv kev paub txog ib puag ncig ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov khoom lag luam uas dais daim ntawv lo "organic" tau txais kev txaus siab zoo. thiab nce kev thov. Thiab cov organic LEDs tsis muaj kev zam. Cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab thiab cov khoom tshiab invariably nyiam cov neeg siv khoom "advanced" uas ua raws li lub sijhawm. Dab tsi yog nws - organic teeb-emitting diodes, dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm thiab kev cia siab rau kev siv? Nov yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus no.

Tsuas yog keeb kwm me ntsis

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv organic tau tshawb pom hauv xyoo 1950 los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws kho mob Andre Bernanoz. Tab sis nws tsis yog txog xyoo 1987 uas qhov kev tshawb pom no tau dhau los ua kev daws teeb meem hauv thawj OLED ntaus ntawv tsim los ntawm Kodak. Thiab nyob rau hauv 2000, peb chemists ib zaug - A. McDiarmid, H. Shirakawa thiab A. Heeger - tau txais txiaj ntsim Nobel nqi zog rau discoveries nyob rau hauv lub teb.nyias-ua polymers ntawm organic keeb kwm. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 2008, thawj OSRAM OLED teeb mus muag, uas tsuas yog 25 daim ntawv luam ntawm tus nqi ntawm 25,000 euros. Niaj hnub no, cov teeb zoo li no tau muab los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab ntawm tus nqi ntawm 500 euros, thiab twb muaj ntau cov lus qhia hauv OLED technologies: PHOLED, TOLED, FOLED thiab lwm yam uas nkag siab tsuas yog rau cov kws tshaj lij xwb.

organic nyob qhov twg?

Oddly txaus, tab sis kev siv lo lus "organic" hauv cov ntsiab lus no tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ntawm tsiaj lossis cov nroj tsuag. Organic light emitting diodes, los yog OLED (los ntawm Askiv Organic Light Emitting Diode), yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob ua los ntawm cov khoom siv carbon uas tsim hluav taws xob thaum hluav taws xob dhau los ntawm nws. Hauv lawv cov chaw tsim khoom, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg (carbon compounds) tau siv, uas tso cai rau peb hu rau lawv cov organic LEDs.

Tsim thiab sau

Lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej muaj plaub ntu: puag, anode, cathode, conductive thiab radiating txheej. Lub hauv paus lossis substrate tuaj yeem ua los ntawm iav, yas lossis metallized daim hlau. Lub anode yog indium oxide doped nrog tin. Cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov polymers thiab tsis tshua muaj molecular hnyav cov organic tebchaw. Lub cathode yog ua los ntawm txhuas, calcium los yog lwm yam hlau.

Technology tsis yog rau physicists

Organic teeb-emitting diodes yog teem rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug qhaub cij. Muaj ntau txheej txheej ntawm semiconductorsOrganic keeb kwm yog sandwiched ntawm txawv charged electrodes (zoo thiab tsis zoo). Thiab tag nrho cov no yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug pob tshab khoom - iav los yog yas (piv txwv li, saj zawg zog polyamide). Thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov electrodes, lawv tsim cov khoom them (quasiparticles thiab electrons). Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cov organic txheej, cov hais no yog concentrated thiab tsim high-zog excitation, uas ua rau lub emission ntawm lub teeb ntawm txawv xim los ntawm cov organic txheej. Yog li, lub active matrix ntawm cov organic teeb-emitting diodes yog precisely luminescent los yog phosphorescent organic txheej.

Hom ntawm OLED arrays

OLED cov lus tau muab faib ua active-matrix thiab passive-matrix los ntawm hom matrix. Active-matrix li yog tswj los ntawm nyias-film field-effect transistors, uas nyob rau hauv lub anode zaj duab xis. Nyob rau hauv passive-matrix, cov duab yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tshuam point ntawm perpendicularly nyob rau hauv anode thiab cathode strips, thaum tus tswj yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug sab nraud Circuit Court. Raws li qhov no, muaj peb lub tswv yim rau xim OLED zaub:

• Nrog cov xim sib cais - peb cov organic matrices emit peb xim thawj (xiav, ntsuab thiab liab) los ntawm cov duab tsim.
• Nrog peb cov emitters dawb thiab cov xim tshwj xeeb.
• Blue emitters hloov lub wavelengths luv mus rau ntev wavelengths liab thiab ntsuab.

Ntawm daim ntawv thov

Hnub no, OLED thev naus laus zis feem ntau yog siv hauvkev tsim kho tshwj xeeb heev. Holography thiab hmo ntuj pom kev, cov khoom siv hauv tsheb xov tooj cua thiab cov koob yees duab digital, xov tooj cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo, TVs thiab saib - tag nrho qhov no yog qhov tseeb ntawm OLED thev naus laus zis.

OLED lifespan

Txhua yam khoom siv niaj hnub no tsim los siv cov thev naus laus zis no sai lossis tom qab pom cov xim hlawv-hauv. Txawm tias thaum qhib, qhov tawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov organic teeb-emitting diodes tau pom. Kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm ib lub cuab yeej niaj hnub no suav tias yuav luag tag yog tias cov duab ci ntsa iab tau qis dua 50%. Kev ua haujlwm tau nres ntawm qhov ntsuas no ntawm kwv yees li 70%. Tab sis cov tuam txhab lag luam kev nqis peev hauv cov thev naus laus zis no tau them nyiaj ntau dua - feem ntau tsis yog, cov neeg siv khoom hloov pauv cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua ua ntej lawv nyob ze rau qhov kawg ntawm lawv lub neej kev pabcuam.

Lub vaj huam sib luag OLED loj tshaj plaws rau hnub tim yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm OSRAM, Philips, Novaled, Fraunhoter IPMS. Lub vaj huam sib luag loj yog 33 x 33 cm, thaj tsam ntawm lub active feem yog 828 sq. cm, thiab aperture - 76%. Nrog lub ci ci ntawm 1 txhiab candelas ib square meter, lub flux ntawm lub teeb hais yog 25 lumens ib watt. Qhov loj tshaj plaws Lumiotec vaj huam sib luag ntawm kev muag khoom hnub no yog 15 los ntawm 15 centimeters thiab muaj luminous flux txog li 60 lumens ib watt, uas yog sib npaug rau ib lub teeb fluorescent. Thiab Panasonic npaj yuav tshaj tawm 128 lumens ib watt OLED zaub los ntawm 2020. Ib lub tuam txhab Asmeskas sib tw nrog nwsDoE, uas tau cog lus rau cov vaj huam sib luag nrog txog 170 lumens ib watt.

Kev Pom Zoo rau OLED panels

Cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm niaj hnub no yog cov qauv qauv. Lawv yog cov kim, ua nyob rau hauv tsawg qhov ntau, tsis khoov thiab tseem tsis tau zoo txaus. Cov tuam txhab loj tau tsom mus rau lawv cov kev ua ub no ntawm kev txo cov nqi ntawm qhov project, nce qhov loj thiab nce cov khoom tsim tau. Cov kws tshaj lij kwv yees pom qhov loj ntawm cov khoom no nrog tus nqi pheej yig ntawm lub khw hauv ntiaj teb los ntawm 2020.

OLED teeb pom kev zoo

Organic LEDs hauv teeb pom kev zoo tseem nyob hauv lawv cov menyuam mos hauv khw. Kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov khoom no tseem tsis tau pib los ntawm ib lub tuam txhab. Tus nqi ntawm cov teeb zoo li no tseem yog qhov siab heev rau cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab, thiab lawv qhov ci ntsa iab thiab lub neej tawm ntau yam xav tau. $ 75 billion thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam sib koom ntawm OLED teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tsawg heev. Cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom no tsis yog tib neeg, tab sis lwm cov tuam txhab uas koom nrog kev tsim cov rooj tog thiab thaj chaw, nrog rau cov koom haum hauv kev lag luam tsheb.

pros and cons

Organic LEDs muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Ntawm thawj, lawv cov kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo sib xws ntawm tag nrho lub vaj huam sib luag, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab lub teeb muag muag yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Tab sis lub ntsiab kom zoo dua yog lub peev xwm los muab lawv saj zawg zog thiab subtlety. Thiab qhov tsis txaus tuaj yeem suav tias yog lub neej luv luv ntawm lub diodes, tus nqi siab thiab teeb meem thev naus laus zis (organictivthaiv oxidizes thaum sib cuag nrog dej, uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv sealing). Tab sis cov tuam txhab lag luam txuas ntxiv nqis peev hauv kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis, pom lawv ua lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm electronics.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj ruaj khov

OLED cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj cov hlau hnyav thiab cov tshuaj lom xws li mercury. Lawv tau yooj yim rov siv dua thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau sau tshwj xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm ntxiv rau kev pov tseg. Lub iridium ntawm OLED phosphorescent teeb yog non-toxic thiab tus nqi tsawg heev. Kev thauj mus los ntawm nyias thiab lub teeb OLED panels yuav tsum tau siv tsawg dua, uas txo cov nqi thiab txo lub nra ntawm ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, 55-nti OLED TV yog 4 hli tuab thiab hnyav txog 4-5 kilograms.

Zaj dab neeg yuav dhau los ua qhov tseeb

Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsis ntseeg ntawm qee tus kws tshaj lij, feem ntau ntseeg tau tias OLED thev naus laus zis yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub xyoo pua 21st. Tej yaam num zoo heev yuav dhau los ua tiag tiag, xws li:

• Nws yog cov thev naus laus zis no uas yuav ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim tsis yog qhov tsis tseeb, tab sis daim duab peb sab tiag tiag.
• Teeb pom kev nyob txhua qhov chaw yuav raug hloov los ntawm OLED teeb.
• pob tshab hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yuav tshwm sim.
• Cov gadget yooj yim saib yuav haum rau hauv koj lub hnab ris.
• Lub teeb yuag tsis txaus ntseeg nrog cov xim zoo nkauj thiab lub kaum sab xis pom dav yuav muaj cov lus teb tam sim, qhov me me thiab qhov ntev.
• Kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam tub rog feem ntau yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
• Ntawm noGlowing khaub ncaws twb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv designer collections.

Tab sis tsis txhob tso tseg - lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb theoretical thiab cov kws tshaj lij. Niaj hnub nimno science tau ntev tau nyob rau hauv ib tug bifurcation point, thaum ib qho kev tshawb pom yuav tig txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev vam meej mus rau hauv ib tug kiag li unpredictable kawm. Muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov piv txwv ntawm xws li discoveries: qhov no yog tag nrho ntawm lub nqus tsev vacuum, thiab Krasnikov cov kav dej, thiab txawm lub discovery ntawm organic tebchaw nyob rau hauv qhov tob tob. Niaj hnub no, avant-garde ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog cov organic teeb-emitting diodes, tab sis tag kis - leej twg paub?