Yuav ua li cas thiaj tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb rau cov khoom? Qauv Sau

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Daim ntawv pov thawj yog txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas lees paub qhov ua tau raws cov khoom raws li cov qauv tsim. Ib lub koom haum ywj pheej yog lub luag haujlwm rau nws qhov kev siv. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom raug muab (cov qauv ntaub ntawv tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no).

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Yog tias muaj kev pov thawj tiav, tus neeg muag khoom lossis cov chaw tsim khoom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj. Nws yog ib daim ntawv uas qhia tau hais tias ib qho kev pabcuam lossis cov khoom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb tam sim no thiab cov qauv zoo. Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom yog nyob ntawm seb cov txheej txheem yog li cas - yeem los yog yuav tsum tau ua. Hauv thawj kis, daim ntawv yog xiav. Cov xim daj muaj daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov khoom. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus rau lub koom haum tso cai. Txhua daim ntawv tau lees paub thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.

Kev faib cov txheej txheem

Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem yog raws li tus kheejkev pib ntawm cov neeg muag khoom, cov neeg muag khoom lossis cov chaw tsim khoom. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem yog cov hauv qab no:

1. xav tau cov khoom.
2. Txhim kev sib tw.
3. Kev tshaj tawm ntxiv.

Cov khoom txheej txheem tuaj yeem yog cov kev pabcuam thiab khoom muag. Lawv raug sim tawm tsam ntau pawg ntawm cov qauv.

Yuav tsum ua txheej txheem

Nws tau ua tiav txhawm rau paub meej tias qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim los ntawm txoj cai. Lub hom phiaj ntawm hom ntawv pov thawj no yog los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ntawm kev pabcuam thiab cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog siv rau qee yam khoom. Lawv yog cov khoom lossis cov kev pabcuam suav nrog hauv cov npe tshwj xeeb, uas tau pom zoo los ntawm txoj cai. Kev lees paub ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov no yog ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev poob. Qhov no yog ib qho tsim nyog rau kev tso tawm mus rau hauv kev ncig dawb. Tom qab cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm, ib los yog lwm daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm conformity rau cov khoom yog muab. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam raug tso cai hauv khw. Ib tsab ntawv tshaj tawm kuj yuav raug muab tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv no tseem qhia tau tias cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Cov ntaub ntawv no siv tau thoob plaws lub tebchaws.

Cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm

Hom ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom yuav txawv. Nws nyob ntawm qeb ntawm cov khoom, kev pabcuam thiab qee yam. Tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb rau cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv ib lub koom haum tseem ceeb uas tau lees paub. Nws, nyob rau hauv lem, tswjkev cai tswj hwm lub luag haujlwm. Lawv lees paub ua raws li txhua tus qauv lees paub thiab cov kev cai ntawm cov kev cai lij choj, nrog rau cov kev pom zoo thiab cov cai tsim.

Yuav tsum muaj kev cai lij choj

Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom lag luam paub meej tias cov khoom tsim tau ua raws li cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm. Txhua yam yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj. Nws muab rau kev hloov ntawm SanPiN thiab GOST nrog cov kev cai tshiab tsim tshiab. TR cov cai, raws li daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li tau muab rau cov khoom lag luam, yog tswj hwm los ntawm tsoomfwv lub koomhaum uas tau lees paub.

"Voluntary" document

Muaj daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom lag luam, uas tau muab los lees paub qhov zoo raws li cov lus qhia rau cov khoom. Cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam uas tau dhau los ua qauv tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau dua hauv kev ua lag luam. Cov khoom zoo li no muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv kev thov los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem txhim kho cov duab ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Nws kuj ua rau kom muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom.

Kev tshaj tawm

Nov yog ib daim ntaub ntawv raug cai. Nws lees paub tias tus neeg muag khoom lossis cov chaw tsim khoom tau lees paub tias nws cov khoom ua tau raws li txhua qhov tsim nyog. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Nws yog muab rau ntawm A4 daim ntawv, thiab tsis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshwj xeeb.

tsab ntawv tsis lees txais

Daim ntawv tshwj xeeb no lees paub tias cov khoom tsis yogyuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv pov thawj thiab tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem. Tsab ntawv no siv rau thaj chaw hauv qab no:

1. Kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.
2. Fire sector.
3. Kev lis kev cai.
4. Kev lag luam.

Pov thawj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom

Cov khoom lag luam ua raws li daim ntawv pov thawj yog muab los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub tebchaws xa tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau lees paub qhov kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev tau tshaj tawm. Cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom ntawm hom no yog cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua nrog.

Kev xav

Cov ntaub ntawv no tau lees paub txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev tu cev thiab kev huv thiab kev soj ntsuam kab mob sib kis. Lub moj khaum ntawm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv kev lees paub ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg yog siv los siv.

Daim ntawv tshaj tawm thiab daim ntawv pov thawj hluav taws

Cov ntaub ntawv no lees paub tias cov khoom lag luam tsis ua rau muaj hluav taws kub, yog tias nws siv kom raug. Kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog ua nyob rau hauv cov ntawv pov thawj cuam tshuam. Lawv yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm SSB.

Euro 4

Yog tus qauv tshwj xeeb ib puag ncig. Raws li nws, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov pa pa tawm yog tswj hwm. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv pov thawj no tsuas yog ua raws li Euro 4 thiab 5. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov qauv qub raug muab tso tseg tom qab kev qhia tshiab. Cov chav kawm dhau los tau qhia hauv xyoo 2010xyoo. Tus qauv tshiab yog tam sim no siv. Daim ntawv pov thawj no yog koom nrog kev lis kev cai ntawm lub tsheb tuaj txawv teb chaws. Raws li daim ntawv pov thawj sib raug, nws cov chav kawm ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau qhia.

Ozone Depleting Substance Conclusion

Nov yog kev tso cai. Nws tso cai rau cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov tshuaj ozone depleting rau hauv lub tebchaws. Cov ntaub ntawv sib raug raug xa mus rau kev txiav txim siab rau kev lis kev cai ntawm lub xeev. Cov lus xaus yog kos los ntawm ib lub chaw kuaj pom zoo. Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Pabcuam rau Atomic, Technological thiab Environmental Supervision kuj tseem koom tes ncaj qha rau hauv cov txheej txheem no. Txhua yam khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj no tau sau tseg rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau hmoov nplej thiab pasta

Nws tseem hu ua "daim ntawv pov thawj". Cov ntaub ntawv no tau lees paub qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov nplej thiab cov khoom noj pasta. Nws kuj qhia meej txog kev ua raws li cov cai. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub meej lub npe uas cov chaw tsim khoom tau qhia raws li cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov ntawv pov thawj no siv tau thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tawm thaum ua cov txheej txheem rau kev ntshuam thiab xa tawm cov nplej zom thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem yuav tsum tau thaum lub sij hawm yuav khoom ntawm cov khoom no rau tsoom fwv xav tau.

Kev tso cai los ntawm Lub Xeev Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Xov Xwm Xov Xwm

Nov yog ib daim ntawv uas piav qhia meejKev koom tes ntawm cov khoom siv high-frequency raws li cov npe tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Nws teev cov khoom uas txwv tsis pub ntshuam thiab xa tawm ntawm cov teb chaws uas yog cov tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev. Cov kev txwv ntawm EurAsEC tau hais. Lub Xeev Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Xov Tooj Cua yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam.

Kev sib raug zoo tshaj tawm

Daim ntawv no lees paub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib raug zoo thiab nws txoj kev nyab xeeb. Daim ntawv pov thawj guarantees ua raws li tag nrho cov kev cai. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim los ntawm Ministry of Communications ntawm lub teb chaws. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog muab los ntawm cov koom haum cuam tshuam uas tau lees paub hauv qhov tshwj xeeb "Kev Sib Txuas Lus" system.

Tso cai los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Pabcuam ntawm Rostekhnadzor

Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb no tso cai rau kev siv cov khoom siv uas koom nrog hauv kev lag luam uas muaj kev phom sij. Daim ntawv pov thawj sib thooj tuaj yeem muab tau tsuas yog rau ib qho nyuaj, hom, ib yam khoom lossis ib pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej siv. Tag nrho cov khoom yuav tsum tau txuam nrog qee yam haujlwm. Daim ntawv tso cai tsuas yog muab los ntawm Rostekhnadzor. Nws lees paub tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv cov khoom lag luam zoo li no.

OTTS

Nws yog ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb uas tau lees paub tias kev ua raws li txhua yam ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab lub tsheb nrog cov qauv tsim nyog ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj. Raws li qhov no, daim ntawv hla tebchaws rau lub tsheb tshiab raug muab. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawmTub ceev xwm tsheb thiab tub ceev xwm kev lis kev cai.

Kev ywj pheej kws muaj tswv yim

Daim ntawv no tau tsim los rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev saib xyuas kev xa tawm. Nws yog muab thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem rau export ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub teb chaws. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas, yuav tsum tau txais kev lees paub tias cov khoom tshwj xeeb tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis pub lwm tus paub thiab lub xeev tsis pub lwm tus paub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom no yuav tsum tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe tswj. Hauv kev xyaum, muaj cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev tshuaj xyuas rau kev siv dual yog ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv ncaj qha. Qhov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov khoom. Nws suav nrog cov khoom uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov riam phom nuclear, uas tam sim no siv tshwj xeeb rau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Rau txhua tus qauv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kos cov lus xaus uas tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ua tiav cov lus nug yog nqa tawm, thiab tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom yog qhia. Yog li ntawd, tus qauv yuav tsum tau txais cov lus xaus, uas yog ua los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tus kheej. Nws tsuas yog muab los ntawm lub cev tshwj xeeb uas tau lees paub thiab Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Pabcuam.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov khoom cawv

Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom siv cawv hnub no yog suav tias yog ib daim ntawv yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus neeg ua lag luam uas nws cov dej num cuam tshuam nrog nws cov khoom tsim, yuav lossis muag. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias tam sim no tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv cawv tsis zoo tau nce hauv kev ua lag luam. Tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv cawv niaj hnub noua tib zoo saib heev.

Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov khoom siv cable

Muaj qee cov npe ntawm cov kev cai ntawm CU. Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv dav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam cable. Ntawm cov khoom uas poob raws li yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg cords (nrog rau kev khiav hauj lwm tsis los ntawm 50 mus rau 1000 V AC thiab los ntawm 75 mus rau 1.5 txhiab V DC), xov hlau. Cov pab pawg no kuj suav nrog ntau yam cables rau lub zog, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev teeb tsa. Tshaj tawm yog nqa mus rau hauv tus account lub tswv yim. Nws txoj kev xaiv nyob ntawm seb hom khoom. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag ntawm cov khoom, kev sim ua tiav. Yog tias qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo (cov khoom ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev xav tau), ces daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev sib raug zoo rau cov khoom raug muab. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib daim ntawv los ntawm kev ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov cai lossis cov qauv tsim.