Dab tsi yog chav sib dhos: txhais, faib thiab hom

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev lag luam uas siv cov khoom sib dhos tau tshaj tawm yog kev siv tshuab engineering. Cov chav sib dhos tshuab yog cov khoom me me uas ua kom tiav lub tsheb.

Definition

Kev siv cov khoom zoo li no tau ua nyob rau ntau qhov chaw, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem sib dhos tsis hloov pauv. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias ua ntej tsim ib chav tsev, kos duab yog tsim, raws li nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib feem. Ib chav tsev sib dhos yog ib feem ntawm ntau qhov chaw, uas, dhau los, tau txuas nrog qee txoj kev sib dhos. Lawv qhov kev tsim khoom yog ua los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, uas koom nrog kev sib dhos ntxiv ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias lo lus xws li lub rooj sib txoos tsis yog siv tas li, ntau zaus koj tuaj yeem nrhiav lwm lub npe - lub node. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem sib dhos, lawv tau muab faib ua cov pab pawg me - subassemblies, thiab lawv kuj raug txiav txim.

khoom sib dhos

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom sib dhos yog nqa tawm ntawm tib tsob nroj uas sib sau ua ke cov khoom kawg. Qhov no tau pom meej meej hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm mechanical engineering. Txawm li cas los xij, qee yam ntawm cov khoom tau sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov chaw, piv txwv li, cranes lossis hnyav presses. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, thaum lub sij hawm kawg ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv qhov chaw nrog rau nws lub installation ntawm lub hauv paus, thawj txheej txheem ntawm assembling lub tsev los yog nws tus kheej qhov chaw, uas yog, assembling units, tseem yuav raug coj los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom no.

Tsuas muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb uas qhov kev sib dhos zaum kawg tsis tau ua hauv lub hoobkas. Qhov no siv, piv txwv li, rau lub rooj sib txoos ntawm cov dav hlau los yog kev sib txuas. Qhov tsis muaj kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom tiav yog sib cav los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj kev thauj mus los ntawm cov koog raws li kev tsheb ciav hlau.

Kev sib sau ua ke

Thawj lub ntsiab lus, uas yog lub hauv paus rau txhua yam khoom uas tau sib sau ua ke hauv kev tsim khoom, yog lub hauv paus sib dhos thiab ib feem, lossis tsuas yog ib feem. Muaj cov khoom sib dhos ua ke thiab cov cuab yeej siv cuab yeej ua ke (kev sib dhos).

Nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev yog to taub ib feem uas yog tsim los tsuas yog coj mus rau hauv tus account lub functional txoj cai. Cov xwm txheej rau kev ywj pheej lossis kev sib sau ua tus kheej ntawm ntu tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau hauv tus account ntawm no.

Ib lub, lossis chav tsev thev naus laus zis, yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm chav sib dhos, kev teeb tsa uas tuaj yeem ua taunqa tawm cais los ntawm lwm yam khoom ntawm tib lub tsev lossis tag nrho cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nodes muaj peev xwm ua tau lawv txoj haujlwm tsuas yog ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nqa lub taub hau lub tog raj kheej lossis thaiv.

Units by orders

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias rau cov chav sib sau ua ke muaj kev faib tawm los ntawm kev txiav txim. Thawj suav nrog cov nodes, kev teeb tsa uas tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm nws tus kheej, cais los ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Tib chav tsev uas tsis nkag mus rau hauv chav ua tiav ncaj qha, tab sis dhau los ntawm kev ua ib feem ntawm ib qho kev sib dhos, tau txais qhov kev txiav txim thib ob, qhov thib peb, thiab lwm yam.

Tam sim no, piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim kho tshuab, kev sib dhos tau muab faib ua ob theem - qhov no yog qhov dav dav, nrog rau kev sib dhos ntawm ib leeg. Cov tom kawg suav nrog cov haujlwm no, vim tias qhov kev txiav txim thawj zaug tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib dhos ntawm qhov thib ob, thib peb, thiab lwm yam. Kev sib dhos dav dav suav nrog txhua qhov haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav chav tsev tsim los ntawm cov chav npaj ua ntej ntawm thawj qhov kev txiav txim. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem qhia qhov kev tsim khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem txawm tias nyob rau theem kev teeb tsa. Nws yog txiav txim siab los ntawm seb nws puas tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom sib dhos ntawm ib tus neeg thiab cov khoom tiav los ntawm cov khoom no. Yog tias muaj qhov tshwm sim tam sim no, qhov no txo qis lub sijhawm siv los ua kom tiav qhov haujlwm.

Drawings

Txhawm rau tsim ib yam khoom, koj yuav tsum xub npaj ib daim ntawv tsim,uas muaj tag nrho cov kev kos duab tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom lossis cov khoom tiav. Muaj ntau ntau hom ntaub ntawv xws li, ib qho yog hu ua kev sib dhos. Nws muaj cov duab kos ntawm lub rooj sib txoos, nrog rau lwm yam kev ntsuas uas yuav xav tau rau kev sib dhos ncaj qha thiab kev tswj hwm tag nrho ntawm cov yam ntxwv kawg.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov duab kos tau muab faib ua ntau hom: rau kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob, kev teeb tsa hydraulic thiab pneumatic installation.

Cov duab kos tau suav hais tias tsim nyog rau kev siv tsuas yog tias lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv tiav ntawm chav sib dhos, txog nws tus qauv tsim, hais txog yuav ua li cas raws nraim qhov ntau yam ntawm chav tsev no yuav tsum sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm kev pom cov ntaub ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau coj los ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

kos duab rau dab tsi

Yog tias muaj kev kos duab sib dhos, ua haujlwm xws li:

• Sib dhos ntawm ntu, nrog rau nws cov khoom siv, yog tias muaj.
• Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm ntau qhov chaw thaum lub sijhawm sib dhos ncaj qha ntawm chav tsev lossis tom qab ua tiav ntawm theem no.
• Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub rooj sib dhos tau txais.

Ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv no, yog tias tsim nyog, daim duab kos yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yuav ua li cas cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum ua haujlwm, nrog rau yuav ua li cas raws nraim tag nrho nws cov khoom yuav tsum cuam tshuam. Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv zoo li nonqa tawm rau txhua chav sib cais. Kev kos duab sib dhos rau txhua qhov ntawm cov nodes yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim, vim tias daim ntawv no yuav tsum tau ua.

Cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug siv los tsim kev sib dhos yog cov duab kos duab dav dav, nrog rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub rooj sib txoos, los yog cov duab kos rau txhua yam uas yuav suav nrog hauv qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thawj zaug, yuav tsum tau qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv.

Dab tsi yuav tsum tau qhia hauv daim duab

Raws li GOST 2.109-73, peb tuaj yeem hais meej tias txhua daim duab yuav tsum muaj.

• Thawj yam uas cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj yog ib daim duab ntawm ib feem, uas nws yuav ua tau kom meej meej txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm txhua feem, raws li zoo raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv.
• Qhov thib ob qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, uas yuav tsum tau qhia ntawm txhua daim duab, yog qhov loj me, sib txawv lossis lwm yam yuav tsum tau ua, qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov yuav tsum nruj me ntsis.
• Qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib txuas yuav tsum tau qhia yog tias nws tsis raug teeb tsa los ntawm qee tus lej, tab sis yog teem los ntawm qhov haum.
• Txoj kev tsim kev sib txuas mus tas li yuav tsum tau qhia - vuam, vuam, thiab lwm yam.
• Pab tag nrho ntawm qhov kawg.
• Technical tsis ntawm cov khoom tiav (tsuas yog tsim nyog).
• Koj yuav tsum qhia qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm pawg (yog tias muaj qhov xav tau).

Kev sib sau ua ke

Zoo li feem ntau cov kev lag luam, cov chav sib dhos tau muab faib ua hom los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Qhov kev faib tawm no yog ua raws li cov yam ntxwv xws li cov yam ntxwv thev naus laus zis ntawm txhua hom chav nyob, nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm lawv cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm.

Muaj tsib hom kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom sib dhos - qhov no yog vuam, soldering, gluing, tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymeric thiab siv cov xov txuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj kev faib ua ib hom kev sib txuas, detachable tsau, detachable movable, as well as detachable-one-piece.

thawj hom suav nrog hom kev sib txuas xws li:

• welded;
• brazed;
• glued;
• harness;
• electroradio los ua ke;
• combined;
• nias.

Pab pawg thib ob suav nrog hom kev sib txuas xws li:

• xov;
• khawm;
• pinned;
• bayonet.

Cov tebchaw hauv qab no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau peb hom:

• rectilinear;
• rotational;
• combined.

hom kawg suav nrog hom hauv qab no:

• crimp;
• lock;
• sib xyaw ua ke thiab lwm yam.

Kev faib tawm

Txhua qhov kev faib tawm saum toj no suav tias yog siv ntau thiab yog li tsis tas yuav piav qhia ntxiv. Tab sis muaj qee qhov kev zam uas tseem muaj kev piav qhia ntxiv vim lawv txoj kev faib tawm.

Cov khoom siv sib dhos yog cov khoom uasuas muaj cov xov hlau, hlua los yog cables, lawv raug kho rau ib leeg nrog kev pab ntawm threads, tapes, siv los yog nrog kev pab los ntawm lwm yam insulating txhais tau tias ua raws li cov kos duab ntawm nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv uas tau ua raws li cov kab kos, thiab tsis yog raws li kos duab.