Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem. Voluntary certification system

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom tau mus txog qib tshiab. Kev nplua nuj ntau ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ua rau tus neeg yuav khoom xav thiab ua tib zoo ntsuas txhua yam txhawm rau xaiv cov khoom zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev pom zoo los ntawm ib tug thib peb tus neeg sab nrauv ntawm kev ua raws ntawm cov khoom mus rau lub declared yuav tsum tau. Muab daim ntawv pov thawj uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab yeem.

ntawv pov thawj yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog txheej txheem los ua pov thawj qhov ua tau raws li cov khoom lag luam raws li kev cai thiab cov qauv tsim los ntawm txoj cai. Tsuas yog ib lub koom haum ywj pheej uas tau lees paub los ntawm tsoomfwv cov haujlwm thiab cov tuam haujlwm tuaj yeem ua daim tshev zoo li no.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev lees paub:

• paub meej txog qib zoo ntawm cov khoom rau cov ntsuas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom lossis chaw tsim khoom;
• tiv thaiv cov neeg siv khoom los ntawmchaw tsim tshuaj paus unscrupulous;
• tswj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, nrog rau ib puag ncig;
• txhim kho kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom;
• txhawb nqa kev xa tawm thiab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.

Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj tau muab sau ua ib daim ntawv hu ua daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws.

Type of certification

Raws li txoj cai, muaj daim ntawv pov thawj txaus siab thiab yuav tsum tau ua. Kev txheeb xyuas yuav tsum ua haujlwm txhawm rau nrhiav cov pov thawj ntawm cov khoom ua raws li cov cai tswj hwm. Hom kev txheeb xyuas no yog ib txoj hauv kev hauv lub xeev tswj cov khoom lag luam kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo. Yog hais tias cov khoom tau dhau qhov kev xeem, nws yuav raug rau cov cim tshwj xeeb nrog cov cim ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. Daim paib yog siv rau ntim, ntim thiab cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau cov khoom. Txoj cai tsim muaj ntau yam khoom uas yuav tsum tau tshawb fawb.

Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem tsuas yog ua raws li qhov kev thov ntawm ib tus neeg lossis lub koomhaum raug cai raws li kev cog lus ntawm tus neeg thov kev pabcuam thiab lub koomhaum uas tau tso cai. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj zoo li no yog cov khoom lag luam pom tau thiab tsis muaj peev xwm uas tsis raug kuaj xyuas.

Kev lees paub ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog ua kom paub meej tias kev ua raws li cov khoom lag luam nrog cov qauv, kev cai tswj hwm, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, cov zaub mov txawv los ntawm tus neeg thov. Raws li txoj cai, tus neeg thov nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tej zaum yuav yog tus tsim khoom,tus neeg muag khoom, tus neeg muag khoom thiab txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom.

Yeej, cov tuam txhab txiav txim siab rau daim ntawv pov thawj txaus siab txhawm rau txhawb cov khoom tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam, nce nws cov kev sib tw, vim cov neeg yuav khoom nyiam cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj. Ntawd yog, daim ntawv pov thawj yeem yog ib txoj hauv kev tso cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam saturated nrog cov khoom zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom sib txawv.

Voluntary certification systems

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm ntawm kev yeem kuaj xyuas tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no:

1. Tshuaj xyuas cov khoom.
2. Tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm.
3. Tshawb nrhiav kev pabcuam zoo.
4. Tshuaj xyuas qhov kev tsim khoom zoo.
5. Personnel certification.

Tsis tas li, cov ntawv pov thawj tau muab cais los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov khoom sau npe. Yog li, lawv muab faib ua:

• ib qho khoom siv - nyob rau hauv lawv lub moj khaum lawv lees paub cov khoom ntawm tib hom (cov pab pawg no suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov khoom sau npe);
• multi-object systems - lawv lees paub ob lossis ntau hom khoom.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev yeem daim ntawv pov thawj

Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem yog ua tiav tom qab kawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Yog li, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas, tus neeg thov yuav tsum nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

1. Pov thawj ntawm kev ua tswv cuab ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom lossis daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev.
2. Passports rau cov khoom, uas yuav tsum qhia nws cov yam ntxwv kev.
3. Catalogkhoom.
4. SES daim ntawv tso cai rau kev tsim khoom.
5. Lus npe thiab tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev tsim khoom, cov phiaj xwm hauv pem teb.
6. Technological cov cai rau cov khoom raug lees paub.
7. Test results.

Yog tias tsim nyog, lub cev ntawv pov thawj tuaj yeem thov cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Piv txwv li, sau npe technical specifications. Qee zaum, cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav txawv.

Certification Scheme

Cov txheej txheem ntawv pov thawj yog hais txog qee yam txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ntsuam xyuas ua raws. Ua raws li kev mob siab rau ib txwm los nrog tus nqi. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv ib daim ntawv pov thawj daim ntawv pov thawj yog los xyuas kom meej qhov siab tshaj plaws pov thawj ntawm kev ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus.

Muaj txog 16 daim ntawv pov thawj hauv tebchaws Russia. Thaum lub sijhawm ua ntawv thov, tus neeg ua ntawv thov tau tshaj tawm cov tswv yim uas, hauv nws txoj kev xav, yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev xeem. Tab sis lub cev ntawv pov thawj ua qhov kev xaiv kawg.

txheej txheem rau kev kuaj xyuas kev yeem

Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem yog ua raws li qee lub tswv yim, uas muaj cov theem hauv qab no:

1. Thov rau lub cev ntawv pov thawj. Tus neeg thov kev pab tsim nyog los ua tus lag luam, kev lag luam hauv tsev lossis txawv teb chaws, thiab lwm yam.
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv xa los ntawm lub cev thiab kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug ntawm cov khoom.
3. Kev txiav txim siab, xaus qhov kev pom zoo thiab xaiv cov txheej txheem ntawv pov thawj.



4. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom lag luam homogeneous rau kev xaiv tus neeg sawv cev. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv raws li cov cai rau systematization ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom nomenclature teev los ntawm txoj cai.
5. Xaiv lub chaw kuaj xyuas tsoomfwv tau lees paub.
6. Kev txheeb xyuas txhua yam khoom los ntawm pawg neeg sawv cev.
7. Kev kos cov kev xav thiab qauv, uas yog kos los ntawm ib qho kev kos npe los ntawm lub cev ntawv pov thawj thiab tus neeg thov.
8. Tshawb nrhiav. Hauv chav kuaj, cov qauv khoom raug sim siv cov txheej txheem muab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm. Yog tias txawm tias ib qho kev ntsuas tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov qauv txiav txim siab tsis dhau qhov kev xeem. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem, uas lub chaw soj nstuam xa mus rau lub cev ntawv pov thawj.
9. Kev soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj thiab txiav txim siab muab daim ntawv pov thawj. Yog tias lub koom haum muab ntawv pov thawj tau txiav txim siab tsis zoo, tus neeg thov tau txais cov lus teb muaj laj thawj.
10. Thaum tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, lub koom haum muab daim ntawv pov thawj thiab daim ntawv tso cai tso cai siv cov cim ntawm kev ua raws.
11. Ntau cov khoom lag luam rau hauv lub xeev sau npe.

Tshaj tawm daim ntawv pov thawj thiab siv lub cim

Daim ntawv pov thawj yeem yog qhov zoo ib yam rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua, txij li kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau npaj cov ntaub ntawv tib yam. Tag nrho cov qauv thiab specifications, raws liuas raug kuaj, yog ib lub hauv paus. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev yeem thiab yuav tsum tau daim ntawv pov thawj yog qhov pom ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj. Yog li, rau hom ntawv yuav tsum tau siv, daim ntawv daj yog siv, thiab rau daim ntawv pov thawj kev yeem, nws yog xiav.

Raws li txoj cai lij choj, daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum qhia lub npe ntawm cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam thiab lub npe ntawm tus neeg txais. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau qhia GOST lossis TU, rau kev ua raws li cov khoom tau sim.

Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev lees paub yog qhov cim. Yog li ntawd, lub kos npe rau daim ntawv pov thawj txaus siab muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb inscription "Voluntary certification". Cov neeg siv khoom lag luam tuaj yeem siv tib lub cim ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom. Lub cim ntawm kev yeem daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov khoom ib txwm txhawb kev ntseeg siab ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev muag khoom.

Daim ntawv pov thawj siv tau

Daim ntawv pov thawj muaj lub sijhawm siv tau tsawg. Lub koom haum muab ntawv pov thawj txiav txim siab txog lub sijhawm ntawm kev siv tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog lub xeev ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim kuaj. Nws tsis tuaj yeem tshaj peb xyoos lossis lub sijhawm siv tau ntawm kev huv huv thiab kev kis kabmob kis.

Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv tau rau lub sijhawm ntawm nws qhov kev siv, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj ib xyoos.

Yog li, daim ntawv pov thawj yeem lees paub qhov kev ua raws li cov khoom lag luam nrog cov khoom tsis zoo tsim los ntawm lub xeev siab tshaj plaws, thiab yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm niaj hnub.production.