Kev Npaj Ua Lag Luam Me, Qauv Qauv & Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Tsim Qauv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 18:53

Yog li koj tau txiav txim siab pib koj tus kheej ua lag luam. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los pib koj txoj kev lag luam yog kev npaj ua lag luam. Kev npaj ua lag luam rau kev lag luam me yog dab tsi, piv txwv ntawm kev tsim cov phiaj xwm cov lus qhia, qhov kev npaj ua tau zoo thiab nkag siab yuav tsum muaj, yuav ua li cas piav qhia cov hom phiaj thiab cov cim tseem ceeb - koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov lus nug tam sim no.

phiaj xwm kev lag luam yog dab tsi?

Kev ua tib zoo xav txog kev npaj ua lag luam piav qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm qhov project, nws cov hom phiaj, ntau yam ntawm cov haujlwm, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev lag luam, kev nqis tes ua kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj, txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem tshwm sim thiab qhia txog txoj hauv kev. daws lawv.

Kev teeb tsa lub phiaj xwm kev lag luam yuav tsum yog txhawm rau daws cov lus nug tseem ceeb tshaj: nws puas tsim nyog rau tus neeg ua lag luam los nqis peev hauv kev lag luam, tom qab lub sij hawm twg tag nrho cov nyiaj tau siv them tawm thiab seb qhov kev lag luam no puas yuav coj tau tiag? nyiaj tau los. Cov phiaj xwm zoo li no tau kos rau ob qho tib si rau koj tus kheej (kom nkag siab seb nws puas tsim nyog ua lag luam), thiab rau cov tub ua lag luam yav tom ntej.

Txoj cai lij choj ntawm Lavxias Federation tsis muab rau cov qauv kev lag luam meej. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam koj yuav ua (kev tsim khoom, muag, kev pabcuam, thiab lwm yam), ntawm koj lub hom phiaj thiab cov nyiaj tau los uas koj xav tau. Tab sis txhua qhov kev npaj ua lag luam me yog ib yam ntawm qee ntu.

qauv

Thaum sau ib daim phiaj xwm kev lag luam rau ib kab ntawm kev lag luam, koj tuaj yeem siv cov qauv hauv qab no:

1. Zaj tswv yim.
2. kev lag luam tsom xam.
3. kev lag luam.
4. Project nyiaj txiag.
5. Production plan.
6. Kev ntsuas kev lag luam ntawm cov ntsuas.

Project overview

Qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus luv luv, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov project, npaj los pab cov neeg lag luam thiab nws cov tub ua lag luam (yog tias muaj) nkag siab tias qhov kev lag luam no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo npaum li cas. Nov yog cov lus piav qhia luv luv ntawm txhua qhov ntsuas uas yuav tau tham hauv qab no. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv, koj yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom txaus siab rau cov tub ua lag luam hauv kev nqis peev nyiaj hauv koj lub lag luam.

Cov ncauj lus ntawm kev npaj ua lag luam nyob ntawm qeb ntawm cov haujlwm uas koj yuav sawv cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev npaj los tsim lub tsev noj mov, tsev noj mov, khw muag khoom, teeb tsa kev cob qhia, hu rau chaw, spa salon, ua haujlwm ntau lawm, thiab lwm yam.

Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam

tshooj no yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua lag luam ntawm ntu ntawdkev lag luam uas koj npaj siab pib ua haujlwm. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab meej tias kev lag luam twg koj yuav tsum kov yeej thiaj li nkag siab tias lub hom phiaj twg koj txoj kev lag luam me yog tsom rau. Piv txwv ntawm kev lag luam hauv Russia yog:

• neeg siv khoom (xav rau cov neeg zoo tib yam uas yuav khoom lossis siv kev pabcuam rau tus kheej noj);
• nruab nrab (xav kom siv cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam ntxiv hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev lag luam wholesale thiab muag khoom, kev muag khoom, kev muag khoom);
• xeev (kev yuav khoom thiab kev pabcuam rau lub xeev xav tau lossis los ntawm tsoomfwv cov haujlwm thiab kev sib tw);
• kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.

Nyob rau hauv nqe lus no, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas kev lag luam ntawm ntu, nthuav tawm kom tiav cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam tseem ceeb, lawv lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog, thiab tseem ua pov thawj tias yuav muaj tiag tiag rau koj cov khoom lossis kev pab.

Kev lag luam

Txoj kev npaj ua lag luam ntawm lub tuam txhab yuav tsum muab rau tag nrho koj txoj kev lag luam ua ntej. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam cov ntsuas hauv qab no:

• txoj hauv kev los txhawb cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam;
• khoom muag khoom (los ntawm tus kheej lub network, los ntawm lwm lub koom haum, muab kev muag khoom);
• hom kev tshaj tawm;
• nqe lus;
• nqe lus them nqi (them them ua ntej, credit, tom qab qhov tseeb);
• muaj cov luv nqi, suav nrog thiab nyiaj tshwj xeeb ib zaug;
• muaj qhov pom zoo ua ntej nrog cov neeg siv khoom yav tom ntej.

Project nyiaj txiag

Nyob hauv noseem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xam tag nrho cov txhais tau tias thiaj li yuav pib qhov project mus rau qhov kev nqis tes ua. Cov no tuaj yeem yog lawv cov peev txheej ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, kev nqis peev uas tuaj yeem, xav tau qiv thiab qiv nyiaj, kev txhawb nqa tsoomfwv.

Table 1. Kev Them Nyiaj

		Nyiaj txhiab rubles.
1	muaj nyiaj
2	Qiv nyiaj, suav nrog qiv
3	nqis peev nce
4	Public funds
5	Lwm cov nyiaj

Production plan

Nyob rau hauv nqe lus no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ntsuas kev tsim khoom kom nkag siab tias qhov kev lag luam no tuaj yeem ua tiav li cas nrog tus nqi qis ntawm cov peev txheej tsim khoom.

Cov phiaj xwm tsim muaj ob ntu.

Tus nqi tsim khoom

1. Qhov chaw thiab nws cov nqi (qis, vaj tse, nqi kho, nqi hluav taws xob, se).
2. Khoom siv rau kev lag luam (kev sib xyaw, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev yuav khoom lossis kev muab, nqi).
3. Muaj peev xwm thiab thev naus laus zis (suab, nqe, nqe lus ntawm kev muab).
4. Cov nqi ntxiv (tus nqi ntawm kev yuav cov khoom qub lossis cov khoom siv rau nws qhov chaw tsim khoom, qhov sib xyaw thiab cov nqi ntawm cov nyiaj uas tsis suav nrog cov khoom siv, suav nrog cov ntawv sau thiab cov khoom siv rautsev neeg xav tau).
5. Cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov nyiaj hli cov neeg ua haujlwm, se, nyiaj tshwj xeeb.
6. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb (yuav daim ntawv tso cai, patent, se ntxiv, thiab lwm yam).
7. Lwm nqi.

Nyiaj tau los ntawm kev tsim khoom

1. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom muag (cov kev pabcuam ua haujlwm).
2. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm ib chav ntawm cov khoom (kev pabcuam).
3. Tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ua haujlwm tag nrho.
4. Kev muab kev pabcuam ntxiv, muag khoom ntxiv (tsis yog-core) khoom.
5. Lwm cov nyiaj tau los.

Kev ntsuas kev lag luam ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas

Tom qab sau tag nrho cov ntsuas, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas lawv thiab teeb tsa lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kom nkag siab tias koj txoj kev npaj ua lag luam me yuav ua tau zoo npaum li cas. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub sij hawm-plaws tau nthuav tawm hauv cov lus hauv qab no.

Table 2. Kev ntsuas kev lag luam ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas

Yees Yexus

		Unit	Pib hli	Pib xyoo
1	Tag nrho tus nqi ntawm qhov project, suav nrog:	thous. rub.
	- tus kheej nyiaj	thous. rub.
	- tsa nyiaj	thous. rub.
2	Tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los:	thous. rub.
	- los ntawm kev lag luam tseem ceeb	thous. rub.
	- los ntawm kev ua ub no ntxiv	thous. rub.
	- lwm yam nyiaj tau los	thous. rub.
3	Tus nqi:	thous. rub.
	- tus nqi sau npe	thous. rub.
	- xauj lossis yuav av	thous. rub.
	- khoom siv thiab peev txheej	thous. rub.
	- yuav khoom thiab khoom	thous. rub.
	- nyiaj hli cov neeg ua haujlwm (nrog se)	thous. rub.
	- kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tshaj tawm	thous. rub.
	- nqi shipping	thous. rub.
	- se thiab nqi	thous. rub.
	- ntawv sau thiab khoom siv hauv tsev. xav tau	thous. rub.
	- them nyiaj qiv thiab qiv	thous. rub.
	- lwm yam nuj nqis	thous. rub.
4	Net nyiaj tau los (cov nyiaj tau los rho tawm cov nuj nqis)	thous. rub.
5	Lub sijhawm them rov qab
6	Profitability	%

Yog li, kev npaj ua lag luam yog qhov teeb meem loj uas yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev txawj hauv kev cai lij choj, kev lag luam thiab nyiaj txiag. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv no yuav tso cai rau koj pom tag nrho cov duab ntawm koj lub lag luam yav tom ntej hauv cov lej thiab txiav txim siab seb nws puas tsim nyog ua lag luam lossis seb nws puas tsim nyog los kho qee yam hauv nws.