PMM rab yaj phom: piav qhia, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

rab phom PM yog, qhov tseeb, yawg ntawm cov riam phom niaj hnub no. Nws tau tsim rov qab rau hauv 40s nyob deb los ntawm tus tsim riam phom zoo heev Makarov. Tab sis kev tsov rog tiv thaiv nqa cov cuab yeej no ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hais kom ua ntau lawm. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab nws ua tiav, lwm qhov kev sib tw tau teeb tsa.

Cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tsim qauv yog xws li cov qauv tshiab yog compact thiab muaj tus kheej-cocking trigger mechanism (USM). PMM rab yaj phom yog qhov haum rau cov xwm txheej no.

keeb kwm ntawm qhov tsos PM

Qhov tseeb, txhua tus tau hnov txog Makarov cov khoom. Tab sis tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus paub tias nws muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb hnub yug.

Nyob rau xyoo ua ntej tsov rog, tsis muaj npe nrov TT twb tau siv lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb nrhiav riam phom zoo rau cov thawj coj ntawm Tub Rog Liab tsis tau nres.

Cov riam phom ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv Tokarev muaj ob tus neeg txhawb nqa thiab cov neeg tawm tsam. Yog li ntawd, rab yaj phom tsis tsuas pom qhov tsis zoo tiag tiag, tab sis kuj tau saib rau cov neeg nyob deb. Qhov twg? Zoo, piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej uas TT yuav tsum tau ntsib,yog li no yog tua los ntawm qhov saib ntawm lub tank!

Yog, lub tank tsis siv rab yaj phom los tiv thaiv…

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov ntawm TT mus rau PM yog qhov tom kawg tau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua. Lub mos txwv 9 hli PM muab lub ntsiab ntawm lub zog rau lub cev, thiab tsis tho nws los ntawm, zoo li hauv TT.

Cov neeg sib tw

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg tua phom ntawm USSR I. Rakov, S. Korovin, P. Voevodin, F. Tokarev thiab lwm tus tau ua haujlwm ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw xyoo 1938 los tsim riam phom tshiab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Soviet. Army.

Tom qab cov kev sim, uas tau hloov mus ntev thiab ua tau zoo, Vojvodin rab yaj phom yeej. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog tsis pub nws coj mus rau hauv ntau lawm.

Tom qab tsov rog, kev sib tw tshiab tau tsim, thiab twb nyob rau theem no PMM rab yaj phom ntawm rab phom Makarov yeej.

PM Cartridge

Rau cov khoom tshiab, nws tseem tsim nyog los tsim ib daim cartridge tshiab. Muaj tseeb, muaj kev xav tias kev hloov ntawm 7.62 × 25 mm cartridge nrog lwm tus (9 mm) ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav tawm kev siv cov mos txwv qub, uas nyob rau hauv cov xyoo tom qab tsov rog yog ntau heev nyob rau hauv tus kheej txhais tes.

Lub teb chaws Yelemees ua ntej tsov rog "GECO 9x18 mm Ultra" tsim lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho cov cartridge tshiab. Tab sis cov mos txwv tshiab rau Makarov txawv ntawm German cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau impressive mos mos txoj kab uas hla.

Tom qab ua haujlwm li no, rab yaj phom Makarov PMM tau dhau los ua riam phom tseem ceeb uas cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tau nruab rau thaum kawg ntawm 80s.

Modernization of PM

Ua ntejthaum pib ntawm lub 90s, nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam nrog tub ceev xwm cov koom haum thiab tub rog tub rog, PM yog lub ntsiab riam phom. Tab sis qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm ua rau qhov xav tau los tsim kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua. PMM Makarov rab yaj phom niaj hnub tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw Grach.

Nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau cov khoom lag luam tshiab, ib daim cartridge 9x18 hli PMM tau tsim. Cov mos txwv tshiab muaj ib lub mos txwv sib zog thiab ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov hmoov phom. Nws ceev tau hloov ntawm 315 m / s mus rau 430 m / s.

Ib rab yaj phom tshiab tau tsim rau daim cartridge tshiab - PMM, tus qauv uas yog tus qauv PM. PMM kuj tau txais cov ntawv xov xwm loj nrog lub peev xwm siab txog li 12 lub voj voog. Rau kev siv yooj yim dua, cov riam phom ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hais kom ua kuj tau txais kev kho lub plhu rau tus kov.

Air gun

rab yaj phom pneumatic tau siv dav rau ob qho tib si rau kev ua kis las thiab kev ua si lom zem los ntawm cov pej xeem. Qhov ntau yam ntawm hom riam phom no yog qhov uas nws yuav ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab nyiam ntawm kev tua cov kiv cua.

Lub phom phom cua MP 654k PMM tsim kho cov qauv sib ntaus sib tua PM. Cov qauv no yog ua los ntawm gunmetal kiag li. Lub thoob yog phom phom, nws ntev yog 9.6 cm. Lub thav duab ntawm rab yaj phom yog ua kom tsis muaj zog me ntsis, piv rau kev sib ntaus sib tua PM. Tab sis lub shutter yog retracted thiab teem rau lub shutter ncua nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv nws cov phom counterpart.

Pneumat khaws yuav luag tib qhov hnyav thiabqhov ntev, nrog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua:

• Nyhav - 730 grams.
• tag nrho ntev - 16.9 cm.
• siab -14.5 cm.
• Dav - 3.5 cm.

Nyob rau hauv tus tes ntawm lub pneumat, tsis yog ib tug clip nrog cartridges, ib tug cartridge nrog compressed roj nrog ib tug ntim ntawm 8 los yog 12 grams yog muab. Nws kuj muaj lub valve thiab lub cassette rau 13 lub mos txwv kheej kheej, uas tuaj yeem ua tau tooj liab lossis hlau.

Taumatic PM-T

PM-T yog hom riam phom sib txawv tshaj li rab yaj phom cua "MP 654k Grach" (PMM). Kev sib ntaus sib tua "Makarov" tau ua tus qauv tsim kom muaj kev raug mob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub chim, tam sim ntawd tom qab lub chamber, ib tug muab faib-pin yog ntsia. Lub thoob nws tus kheej, tsis zoo li kev sib ntaus sib tua, yog tsim los nrog cov grooves tsis muaj zog.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tau nrhiav los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm PKB LLC thiab ZID OJSC yog los khaws cov "keeb kwm tus nqi" ntawm riam phom. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kev hloov pauv tau tsim nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm rab yaj phom.

Rau cov neeg uas yuav daim ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nws tsis yog tsuas yog riam phom tiv thaiv tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub npe hu ua cov khoom sau. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias rab yaj phom tau tsim los ua cov khoom hloov los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua PMs, uas tau tsim los ntawm 1950 txog 1980.

Ntawm lwm yam, cov phom uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua cov dav hlau. Cov yam ntxwv zoo li no qhia qhov txawv ntawm rab yaj phom no los ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.

Cov uas tswj taumus yuav PM-T (thiab tsuas yog kwv yees li 5000 ntawm lawv tau tsim), lawv tsis poob. Yog tias yav dhau los tus nqi ntawm rab phom hauv khw muag phom yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 16-18 txhiab rubles, tam sim no nws tuaj yeem yuav "ntawm tes" rau tus nqi siab tshaj 50,000 rubles!

PMM-12

PMM-12 Makarov rab yaj phom niaj hnub yog ib qho ntawm nws tus kheej-loading riam phom, uas yog raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm blowback recoil. Nws kuj tseem muaj qhov ua rau nws tus kheej-cocking mechanism, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm qhib hluav taws yam tsis tau cocking tus txhais.

Tactical thiab technical yam ntxwv ntawm PMM-12:

• Cartridges - 9x18 PM (9x18 PMM) calibre 9 mm.
• phom hnyav - 760g
• Qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho rab yaj phom yog 169 hli, nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 93.5 hli thiab qhov hluav taws kub txog li 30 rds / min.
• Vajtswv nce mus rau 12 rounds.

Ntawm qhov tawm ntawm lub thoob phom ceev:

• 315 m/s - PM;
• 430 m/s - PMM.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov yam ntxwv zoo dua ntawm PMM rab yaj phom tsuas yog tshwm sim nrog cov cartridges uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau PMM. Thiab yog tias koj tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub xub ntiag ntawm lub khw muag khoom muaj peev xwm, PMM yog sib npaug ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv rau PM, uas txawm nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis muaj peev xwm ntaus lub hom phiaj ntawm armored vests.

Qhov zoo ntawm rab phom suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

1. Nov yog rab yaj phom zoo nkauj.
2. riam phom ruaj khov.
3. Yooj yim rau tuav.
4. Compact.
5. Muaj cov khoom seem.

Disadvantages tshwj xeeb rau PMM:

1. Tus txhais yuav tsum tau muab lub zog ncaj ncees.
2. Tsis pom kev zoo siab.
3. Unergonomic kov.
4. Txoj kab tsis zoo.

Nrog lub hom phiaj qis ntawm 50 meters, PMM feem ntau yog siv los ntawm tub ceev xwm. Yog tias koj siv rab phom ua riam phom ua tub rog, ces, qhov pib, nws raug suav hais tias yog tub rog ua riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm kawg.

Cov tub rog tshwj xeeb kuj tseem siv rab yaj phom PMM-12 nrog lub suab ntsiag to. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tso cai rau siv qhov kev xaiv PMM no thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tam sim no cov tub rog tshwj xeeb feem ntau siv lwm yam, ntau cov phom niaj hnub no.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm PM ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb

Tab sis PM tau ua tiav kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb tom qab 80s, thaum lub phab ntsa Berlin tawg, thiab rab phom los ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm GDR yav dhau los dej nyab lub khw.

Yog tias ua ntej "Makarov" tau tsim nyob rau hauv USSR tsis yog rau kev muag khoom, tab sis tsuas yog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog thiab Ministry of Internal Affairs, tam sim no ntawm kev lag luam riam phom koj tuaj yeem nrhiav ntau pua txhiab tus phom ua hauv Tuam Tshoj, Hungary, Poland thiab yav tas los Czechoslovakia.

Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov khoom "Makarov" nrov heev hauv Asmeskas. Kev ua lag luam rau riam phom rau cov tswv ntiag tug twb tau dav heev nyob rau ntawd, tab sis "Makarov" tsis yooj yim rau kev sib ntsib ua ntej. Tam sim no tus PM rau Asmeskas tau tso tseg tsis muaj riam phom tshwj xeeb, thiab tam sim noLub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States muaj tag nrho cov pab pawg ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm Lavxias teb sab rab yaj phom uas tuav championships ntawm lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv kev tua los ntawm cov khoom "Makarov"!