Polyester. Cov khoom siv no yog dab tsi thiab nws siv li cas

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nyob rau hauv cov hnub thaum muaj ntau yam polymers thiab plastics pib nquag qhia rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, zoo li cov neeg uas nrog lawv pab lawv yuav daws tau yuav luag tag nrho cov teeb meem uas tsis yooj yim sua rau tej yam ntuj tso khoom. Xws li kev tshawb fawb-tsim-tshuaj-tshuaj lom neeg euphoria kav los ntawm lig forties mus rau lub seventies, kom txog rau thaum noob neej tau ntseeg hais tias paj rwb, linen los yog ntaub plaub rau khaub ncaws yog tseem nyob rau hauv feem ntau zoo dua li tej hluavtaws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xyoo no tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, ntau yam tseem ceeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm polymers tsim cov xwm txheej rau lawv txoj kev siv dav hauv ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg.

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws feem ntau yog polyester. Yam khoom no yog dab tsi, rau kev tsim cov khoom twg yog siv tam sim no? Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug no, ib tus yuav tsum xub nkag siab txog cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv polymer.

Raws li cov khoom siv, polyester yog cov saw hlau ntau ntawm polyesters. Thaum lub sij hawm synthesis ntawm no polymer, muaj zog bonds yog tsim, ua rau nws muaj zog heev. Thaum siv rau cov khaub ncaws, qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws cov kua muag siab thiab wrinkle kuj. Nws puas zoo? Tau kawg, rau qee yam khoom siv chav dej, cov khoom zoo no tsuas yog hloov tsis tau, xws li muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov dej noo. Tab sis txhua yam muaj qhov tsis zoo. Qhov qis hygroscopicity thiab rigidity ntawm cov khoom no ua rau nws tsis xis nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog polyester tias nws yog cov ntaub tsis tsim nyog rau kev txiav, tsuas yog nws qhov kev txwv.

Polyester muaj cov npe lag luam sib txawv hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Cov khoom siv raw tuaj yeem ua ke, piv txwv li: "wool 65%, lavsan 35%". Lo lus no, txawv teb chaws thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, yeej yog ib tug luv luv nyob rau hauv uas lub Academy ntawm Sciences yog lub Academy ntawm Sciences, thiab cov tsiaj ntawv "L", "A" thiab "B" txhais tau tias lub chaw soj nstuam ntawm macromolecular compounds. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm lub npe "Dacron".

Hauv engineering, cov polymer no tau siv dav vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, rau kev tsim cov khoom ntim uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntxiv, 100% polyester yog siv. Cov khoom no yog dab tsi? Lub zog ntawm ib daim kab xev rau zawm bales, uas muaj ib tug tseem ceeb straightening quab yuam thaum compressed, tsuas yog me ntsis inferior rau lub kua muag kuj ntawm ib tug hlau daim kab xev, thaum lub polymer yog ntau sib dua thiab, tseem ceeb, pheej yig dua hlau. Lub zog ntawm polyester threads txiav txim siab lawv siv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas lub seam yuav tsum tau txhim khu kev qha, thiab cov hlua woven los ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus loads loj.

Nyob hauv ntiaj teb noKev lag luam dav hlau thiab kev tsim kho tsheb, xyoo dhau los kuj tau pom muaj kev nthuav dav ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv polymer sib xyaw. Ib feem, rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov yas siv los ntawm duralumin, txo qhov hnyav thiab nce corrosion kuj. Rau kev ua tub rog aviation, polyester no muaj lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb: cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim, los ntawm kev kawm polyester, tias nws yog cov khoom siv xov tooj cua. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua rau radar fairings los ntawm nws, thiab lub silhouette ntawm lub dav hlau ua rau pom tsawg dua rau cov tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.