Obstetrician-gynecologist: piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, lub luag haujlwm txoj haujlwm
Obstetrician-gynecologist: piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, lub luag haujlwm txoj haujlwm

Video: Obstetrician-gynecologist: piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, lub luag haujlwm txoj haujlwm

Video: Obstetrician-gynecologist: piav qhia ntawm txoj haujlwm, lub luag haujlwm txoj haujlwm
Video: Qhia txhais 50 zaj npau suav tias yog dab tsi part 3 15 Sep 2019 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Tus kws kho obstetrician yog tus kws tshaj lij uas saib xyuas tus poj niam txoj kev noj qab haus huv thaum cev xeeb tub thiab koom nrog kev yug menyuam. Hauv cov tshuaj, txoj haujlwm no tau muab faib ua ob hom: obstetrician nrog kev kawm tshwj xeeb theem nrab thiab obstetrician-gynecologist nrog kev kawm siab dua. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho obstetrician suav nrog kev saib xyuas cov menyuam yug tshiab thiab muab kev txhawb nqa ncaj ncees rau cov neeg mob. Gynecologist-obstetrician ua kev phais, tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev yug menyuam, stitches tus poj niam hauv kev ua haujlwm.

History of the profession

Cov menyuam yug tshiab hauv tsev kho mob maternity
Cov menyuam yug tshiab hauv tsev kho mob maternity

Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau thaum ub, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev yug menyuam, nrog rau kev ua ntawm cov kws kho mob thaum yug menyuam. Txog rau thaum xyoo pua 13th, cov txheej txheem no tsis tau kawm paub meej los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Tsuas yog Hippocrates thawj zaug tau kawm txog cov txheej txheem no kom ntxaws, mob siab rau tag nrho ntu rau nws hauv nws phau ntawv.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, kev kho obstetrics tsis tau kawm. Thaum lub sij hawm Nrab Hnub nyoog, thaum yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau subordinate rau pawg ntseeg, txhua yam kev sim kho tib neegkawg phem. Cov kws kho mob thaum ub raug hlawv ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg, hu lawv ua dab ntxwg nyoog cov tub qhe. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub tau ua tus pab rau kev yug menyuam, uas ua tsis zoo, ua rau muaj ntau yam kev raug mob thiab txawm tias leej niam thiab tus menyuam tuag.

Tau ntau xyoo, lub luag haujlwm ntawm obstetrician tau ua los ntawm cov poj niam, tab sis hauv tebchaws Greece thaum ub, txiv neej kuj tau yug los. Thawj thawj zaug, cov phau ntawv piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist tau luam tawm nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, thaum qhov tshwj xeeb no hauv Tebchaws Europe tau lees paub tias yog kev lag luam tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyog. Lub sijhawm ntawd, thawj phau ntawv nrog cov duab kos tau tsim. Nws yog nyob rau lub sij hawm no hais tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug obstetrician los ua ib tug cais cov tshuaj thiab tom qab ntawd pib mus rau active tsim. Niaj hnub no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau kawm tiav, cov tshuaj tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev lag luam no.

Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tshaj plaws thiab kev paub ntawm kws kho mob tau ua rau kev yug menyuam muaj kev nyab xeeb li sai tau rau tus poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov menyuam yug tshiab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist tau dhau los ua qhov xav tau thiab muaj kev hwm hauv zej zog, txij li cov kws tshaj lij no pab tus neeg tshiab tshwm sim, thiab tseem txo qis kev txom nyem ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub thaum yug menyuam.

Profession Description

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist yog suav tias yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuaj. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no, tus kws kho mob tau ntsib nrog cov txheej txheem txaus ntshai. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no tuaj yeem xaiv ua haujlwm hauv ob qho kev qhia:

  1. Obstetrician (tus kws kho mob nruab nrab). Txhawm rau ua haujlwm hauv txoj haujlwm no, koj yuav tsum tau kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab kho mob. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm obstetriciansuav nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev npaj lub cev ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub rau kev yug menyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum saib xyuas tus menyuam yug tshiab thaum tus kws kho mob ua lwm yam haujlwm thaum yug menyuam.
  2. Obstetrician-gynecologist yog tus kws tshaj lij nrog kev kawm kho mob siab dua. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb no yuav tsum paub tsis yog tsuas yog lub cev ntawm tus poj niam thiab tus menyuam hauv plab xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kab mob pathologies thiab cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam, nrog rau thaum yug me nyuam. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus poj niam nqa tus menyuam, saib xyuas kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob suav nrog kev pabcuam raws sijhawm thiab tsim nyog thaum lub sijhawm toxicosis ntawm leej niam expectant, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev yug menyuam, kev siv cov txheej txheem rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev yug menyuam hauv ntiaj teb. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob obstetrician-gynecologist ua kev phais.

Kev cob qhia

Ob tus poj niam thiab txiv neej tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist
Ob tus poj niam thiab txiv neej tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist

Yuav kom dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kho obstetrics, tus neeg thov yuav tsum xaiv ib qho tshwj xeeb:

  • obstetrics thiab gynecology;
  • obstetrics (secondary specialized education);
  • kev lag luam kho mob.

Txhua yam tshwj xeeb uas tau teev tseg yuav tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob maternity, qhov chaw cov tub ntxhais kawm tom qab yuav koom nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm lub neej tshiab.

Xaiv tsev kawm ntawv

Yuav kom paub qhov tshwj xeeb uas koj nyiam, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab lossis tsev kawm qib siab. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws yog:

  • Amosov North-Eastern University;
  • Roslavl Medical College;
  • Lub Tsev Kho Mob Xeev hauv Moscow;
  • Kabardino-Balkar University muaj npe tom qab Berbekov;
  • Medical College No. 2 ntawm Moscow Department of He alth.

Nyob rau hauv txhua cheeb tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation muaj cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab lossis theem nrab uas koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov kws qhia ntawv tsim nyog.

Lab

Ntau tus neeg thov xav tsis thoob: "Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist yog dab tsi?". Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob maternity nyuaj heev. Thaum xaiv ib txoj haujlwm zoo li no, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm raws li lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj, qee zaum koj yuav tsum nyob hauv chaw ua haujlwm, vim tias kev yug menyuam yuav kav ntev li ob peb teev. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist suav nrog:

  1. Kev tshuaj xyuas txhua hnub ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov poj niam uas tau yug los. Tshawb xyuas lub siab, muaj qhov edema, kub, hnyav, ntsuas lub plab, kuaj lub tsev menyuam, xyuas nws lub suab. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum kuaj xyuas lub plawv dhia hauv fetal.
  2. YDoppler sonography.
  3. Kho tus neeg mob raws li qhov tau txais.
  4. Npaj rau kev yug menyuam, uas suav nrog kev kuaj tus poj niam, nws qhov kev npaj rau lub hlwb.
  5. Kev saib xyuas tas li ntawm tus poj niam hauv lub cev xeeb tub thiab tus menyuam mos tam sim ua ntej yug menyuam, tswj kev siv zog ntawm kev cog lus thiab lawv zaus.
  6. Yug tuaj koom.
  7. Kev kuaj ntshav qabzib tom qab yug.
  8. Kev cuam tshuam kev phais mob rau kev yug menyuam.
  9. Ua ntau cov txheej txheem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, xws li tig tus menyuam hauv plab, siv cov tswv yim los nyem tus menyuam.
  10. Nias lub tsev menyuam kom txo qis.
  11. tshuaj noj.

Ntxiv rau cov dej num saum toj no, tus kws kho mob ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev kho mob maternity ua lwm yam txheej txheem thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tus kws kho mob ntawm ib pawg siab ntseeg tau ua kev yug ntxov ntxov thiab pathological.

Txoj Haujlwm Xav Tau

Obstetrician-gynecologist tham nrog tus neeg mob
Obstetrician-gynecologist tham nrog tus neeg mob

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tiav ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist hauv tsev kho mob poj niam cev xeeb tub yog qhov kev ntxhov siab siab, vim tias tus poj niam hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab nws tus menyuam muaj kev mob hnyav thiab kev ntxhov siab. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev yug menyuam tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ua ntej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus kws kho mob kom sai thiab txawj siv nws cov txuj ci thiab lub peev xwm, vim nws lub neej ntawm cov neeg mob nyob ntawm nws.

Tus kws kho mob kuj yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

  • lub cev zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm tes, vim nws yuav tsum txais lub cev tsis taus ntawm tus menyuam mos;
  • yuav tsum ntseeg tus kheej, vim txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm niam thiab tus me nyuam nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim;
  • tus kws kho obstetrician-gynecologist yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas thaum nws ua haujlwm.

Yuav kom kho tau zoo, tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob maternity yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog muaj kev paub zoo txog poj niam lub cev, kev txawj ntse tshawb nrhiav thiab kho cov kab mob txaus ntshai, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem xa tawm. Tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob maternity yuav tsum ua ob peb lwm yam dej num ib zaug, embodying hauv nws tus neegchav khiav hauj lwm, pawg ntseeg thiab cov me nyuam tus nais maum, kws kho mob thiab txawm tias tus kws kho mob hlwb.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist suav nrog kev ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej kho mob niaj hnub, thiab tus kws tshaj lij kuj tseem yuav tsum nkag siab txog ntau yam tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas lub cev ntawm cov neeg mob thaum lawv tsis txaus siab, thiab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, muab kev kho mob ceev kom cawm leej niam thiab tus menyuam.

kab mob dab tsi uas tus kws kho mob gynecologist kho

Obstetrician-gynecologist txoj haujlwm muaj xws li kho cov poj niam uas muaj teeb meem hauv qab no:

  • ovarian cyst;
  • salpingitis;
  • uterine fibroids;
  • kab mob kis los ntawm qhov chaw mos, xws li chlamydia lossis mycoplasmosis;
  • endometriosis.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas cov kabmob xws li cov hlab ntsha hauv plab, lub tsev menyuam, zes qe menyuam, labia, zes qe menyuam, thiab qhov chaw mos.

Tus kws kho mob ua ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem hauv lub sijhawm thiab txiav txim siab txog kev kho tus neeg mob, xws li:

  1. Kev kuaj mob thyroid.
  2. kuaj ntshav biochemical.
  3. Immunological thiab genetic testing.
  4. Kev kuaj kab mob hauv lub cev.
  5. Tag nrho cov ntshav thiab zis rau kev soj ntsuam kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob.
  6. Kev tshuaj xyuas niam txiv yav tom ntej rau qib hormonal.
  7. Kev kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, tawm tsam cov kab mob pathogenic thiab kab mob.
  8. Kev kuaj xyuas lub computer (MRI).

Thaumtsim nyog mus ntsib kws kho obstetrician-gynecologist

Tus menyuam mos liab hauv chav tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv nws ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab lwm yam tsis zoo
Tus menyuam mos liab hauv chav tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv nws ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab lwm yam tsis zoo

Nws tsis yog ib qho zais cia tias cov poj niam ib ntus yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm poj niam. Xav txog ntau yam uas nws tsim nyog tau teem sijhawm ntawm lub tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd:

  1. Ntawm lub sijhawm ploj mus ntau dua peb lub hlis sib law liag tsis muaj kev sib deev nrog tus txiv neej.
  2. Los ntshav ntau thaum cev xeeb tub lossis yog tias kev coj khaub ncaws ntev dua 10 hnub.
  3. Kev coj khaub ncaws qeeb qeeb thaum lub neej sib deev.
  4. Lub sij hawm ntawm poj niam cev xeeb tub nrog mob hnyav hauv plab.
  5. Roughness lossis scuffs tau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw sib raug zoo.

Tus kws kho mob hauv kev npaj menyuam

Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist suav nrog kev npaj niam lub cev rau kev xeeb tub, kev kho menyuam tsis taus thiab ntau ntxiv. Tom qab cov tsev neeg hluas tau txiav txim siab kom muaj menyuam, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj cov xwm txheej rau lub cev xeeb tub thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau sau tsab ntawv xa mus rau tus poj niam yav tom ntej hauv kev ua haujlwm rau kev mus ntsib ntau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb los ntsuas lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, thiab ob tus niam txiv hluas yuav tsum tau xeem ntau yam, suav nrog kev sau ntshav thiab tso zis, thiab raug kuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Tus poj niam uas npau suav txog tus menyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov mob ntawm nws cov hniav, caj pas thiab qhov muag.

Tom qab cov kws kho mob tau tshuaj xyuas tus txiv neej thiab poj niam, lawv yuav tsum kho txhua yam kab mob, yog tias muajpom vim tias nws tsis xav tau rau tus poj niam noj tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov kab mob cuam tshuam rau kev xeeb tub thiab kev loj hlob ntawm fetus.

Puas yog tus kws kho mob xav tau

Zoo siab niam thiab nws tus me nyuam mos
Zoo siab niam thiab nws tus me nyuam mos

Txoj haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologist yog qhov xav tau ntau heev. Maternity tsev kho mob yeej ib txwm npaj los txais cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab. Hauv cov tsev kho mob ntiag tug thiab pej xeem, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov kws kho mob rau kev yug menyuam. Cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj kev paub dhau los tau npaj los qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm tag nrho lawv cov kev txawj thiab lub peev xwm hauv kev pab cov poj niam thaum yug menyuam.

Nyiaj hli

Cov nyiaj hli ntawm ib tus kws kho mob hauv obstetrician-gynecologist ncaj qha nyob ntawm qib ntawm kev tsim nyog ntawm tus kws kho mob. Qhov nruab nrab cov nyiaj hli nyob rau hauv Russia yog hais txog 40-50 txhiab rubles. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm hauv cov nroog loj, ces cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog siab dua qhov nruab nrab rau lub tebchaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob uas muaj kev paub dhau los muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug, qhov chaw uas lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov nyiaj hli zoo.

Kev nyuaj nrhiav haujlwm

Obstetrician-gynecologist pab tsev neeg npaj rau kev xeeb tub
Obstetrician-gynecologist pab tsev neeg npaj rau kev xeeb tub

Tom qab ua tiav lawv cov kev kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab thiab tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tub txawg yuav luag ib txwm nrhiav haujlwm hauv lawv txoj haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm, tus neeg thov yuav tsum tau mus ua haujlwm internship. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws qhov kev siv, tus kws kho mob yav tom ntej tuaj yeem qhia nws tus kheej thiab nws tus cwj pwm, uas yuav pab tau nws mus ua haujlwm.

Yuav kom tau txoj haujlwm hauv ib lub tsev kho mob ntiag tug, koj xav tau kev paub thiab cov lus pom zoo los ntawm kev tswj hwm hauv tsev kho mob. Hauvlub sijhawm xam phaj ntawm tus kws tshaj lij raug soj ntsuam los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem ib zaug. Cov chaw ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws tsuas yog cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws hauv lawv daim teb.

Kev ua haujlwm

Nws nyuaj rau kev nce qib hauv kev kho mob. Tom qab tag nrho cov kev xeem rau kev kawm siab dhau lawm, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau txais lub npe ntawm "obstetrician-gynecologist qeb 3".

Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem nce qib thib ob, thawj thiab qib siab tshaj plaws. Yog tias tus kws tshaj lij ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua tus thawj coj muaj peev xwm, nws muaj lub sijhawm uas nws yuav raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam tsev, thiab txawm tias mus rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob. Qee tus kws kho mob muaj peev xwm raug lees txais los ua haujlwm hauv Ministry of He alth.

Txoj haujlwm saib xyuas

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm obstetrician-gynecologists, lawv cov haujlwm yog qhov txaus nyiam thiab pheej hmoo, vim nws qhib ntau lub sijhawm rau kev txhim kho rau tus kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no. Kawm tiav kev kawm kho mob hloov koj mus rau hauv tus kws tshaj lij, uas tso cai rau koj los ua tus kheej xyaum.

Cov haujlwm ua haujlwm

Nyob hauv tsev kho mob poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab tsev kho mob cev xeeb tub, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau hloov pauv, tab sis yav tom ntej tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau npaj kom nquag ua haujlwm lig thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab yug me nyuam.

Tus kws kho mob lub luag haujlwm

Tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm gynecologist ua ntej yug menyuam
Tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm gynecologist ua ntej yug menyuam

Tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist ntawm lub tsev kho mob maternity bears lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum txiav txim siab ywj pheej thaum ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab lwm yamkev kho mob manipulations. Yog tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua txhaum cai lossis ua yuam kev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, nrog rau lawv qhov tsis ua haujlwm, vim tias qhov kev tuag ntawm tus neeg mob tau tshwm sim, raug pov thawj, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum lav ua ntej txoj cai lij choj ntawm Lavxias.

Professional Development Program

Txawm nce ntaiv haujlwm ua tus kws kho menyuam yaus-gynecologist, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txhim kho nws qhov kev tsim nyog. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau mus kawm cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb, uas feem ntau kav ob peb lub lis piam. Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev xeem, tus kws kho mob tsim nyog tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj lees paub nws txoj cai los muab kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob xav tau.

Pom zoo: