Cathodic corrosion tiv thaiv cov kav dej: khoom siv, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Txoj kev tiv thaiv corrosion tso cai rau txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov qauv hlau, nrog rau khaws nws cov khoom siv thiab lub cev thaum ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm xeb puas tsuas yog qee zaus.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv zoo li no tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm nws daim ntawv thov. Hauv tshwj xeeb, txhawm rau khaws cov qauv hlau ntawm cov kav dej, kev tiv thaiv electrochemical corrosion raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cathodes qhia nws cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm xeb tsim ntawm cov kev sib txuas lus, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis nkaus xwb, tab sis hais txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov yam ntxwv, qhov kev taw qhia no tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv electrochemical.

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog kev tiv thaiv electrochemical

Kev tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm xeb los ntawm electrochemical kev txiav txim yog nyob ntawm qhov kev vam khom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem corrosion. Cov qauv hlau yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv qhov ntawdmuaj peev xwm nyob qhov twg lawv anodic dissolution yuav qis dua qhov kev txwv. Qhov kawg, los ntawm txoj kev, yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw.

Hauv kev xyaum, kev tiv thaiv electrochemical corrosion cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas nrog cov khoom siv ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom tiav. Lub teb hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw thiab hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv tsim cov polarization ntawm cov electrodes, uas tseem tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puas tsuaj corrosion. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov cheeb tsam anode ntawm cov qauv hlau ua cathodic, uas tso cai rau cov txheej txheem tsis zoo yuav raug tshem tawm, ua kom cov qauv ntawm lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv cathodic

Muaj cathodic thiab anode tiv thaiv hom electrochemical. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj lub tswv yim, uas yog siv los tiv thaiv cov kav dej, tau txais qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Raws li txoj cai dav dav, thaum ua raws li txoj kev no, ib qho tam sim no nrog tus ncej tsis zoo yog muab rau cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud. Tshwj xeeb, cov yeeb nkab steel lossis tooj liab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev no, vim tias qhov polarization ntawm cathode seem yuav tshwm sim nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv cov peev xwm mus rau lub xeev anode. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev ua haujlwm corrosive ntawm cov qauv tiv thaiv yuav raug txo kom zero.

Tib lub sijhawm, kev tiv thaiv cathodic tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Cov txheej txheem saum toj no tau piav qhia ntawm polarization los ntawm lwm qhov chaw yog dav siv, tab sis txoj kev electrolyte deaeration nrog txo tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem cathodic, nrog rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, kuj ua haujlwm zoo.

Nws tau raug sau tseg ntau dua ib zaug tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv cathodic yog siv los ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud tam sim no. Qhov tseeb, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion yog nyob hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Cov dej num no yog ua los ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb tshwj xeeb, uas, raws li txoj cai, yog ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas cov kav dej dav dav.

Cathodic Corrosion Protection Stations

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb cathode yog muab cov khoom siv ruaj khov rau lub hom phiaj hlau raws li txoj kev cathode polarization. Cov cuab yeej siv no yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov roj av thiab cov kav dej hauv av, hauv cov kav dej, cov cua sov, thiab lwm yam.

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov peev txheej, thaum cov khoom siv tiv thaiv cathodic feem ntau muab rau:

• khoom siv hloov pauv tam sim no;
• xaim rau txuas rau cov khoom tiv thaiv;
• anode av electrode.

Tib lub sijhawm, muaj kev faib cov chaw nres tsheb rau hauv inverter thiab transformer sawv daws yuav. Muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm, tab sis lawv tau tsom mus rau kev faib tawm ntawm kev teeb tsa los ntawm daim ntawv thov lossis los ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab cov ntaub ntawv nkag. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau qhia meej meej tshaj plaws los ntawm ob hom cathode chaw nres tsheb.

Transformer installations rau cathodic tiv thaiv

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias hom chaw nres tsheb no tsis siv lawm. Nws yog hloov los ntawm inverter analogues, uas muaj ob qho tib si pluses thiab minuses. Txawm li cas los xij,transformer qauv yog siv txawm nyob rau ntawm tshiab electrochemical tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus.

Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom no yog 50 Hz low-frequency transformer thiab thyristor converter. Rau thyristor tswj qhov system, cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog siv, suav nrog cov tswj hluav taws xob theem-pulse. Lub luag haujlwm ntau dua los daws cov teeb meem kev tswj hwm suav nrog kev siv cov tswj hwm nrog kev ua haujlwm dav.

Niaj hnub nimno cathodic corrosion tiv thaiv cov kav xa dej nrog cov cuab yeej zoo li no tso cai rau koj los kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov zis tam sim no, ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev sib npaug ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv. Raws li qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv transformer, lawv nqis los rau qhov siab ntawm qhov tam sim no ripple ntawm cov zis ntawm lub zog qis. Qhov tsis zoo no tsis tau piav qhia los ntawm daim ntawv sinusoidal ntawm tam sim no.

Yuav daws qhov teeb meem nrog ripple, rau qee qhov, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom paub qhov qis qis rau hauv lub cev, tab sis nws qhov ntev sib haum rau qhov ntev ntawm lub transformer nws tus kheej, uas tsis yog ib txwm ua xws li ib tug ntxiv tau.

Cathodic tiv thaiv inverter chaw nres tsheb

Inverter-hom kev teeb tsa yog ua raws li cov hloov pauv siab zaus. Ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov chaw nres tsheb ntawm hom no yog kev ua haujlwm siab, ncav cuag 95%. Rau kev sib piv, rau kev teeb tsa transformer, daim duab no nce mus txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 80%.

Qee zaum lwm yam kev tsim txiaj los ua ntej. Piv txwv li, qhov me me ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb inverter nthuav davcov cib fim rau lawv siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyuaj. Tseem muaj cov txiaj ntsig nyiaj txiag, uas tau lees paub los ntawm kev xyaum siv cov khoom siv zoo li no. Yog li, inverter cathodic corrosion tiv thaiv cov raj xa dej sai sai thiab yuav tsum tau nqis peev tsawg kawg nkaus hauv kev saib xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev ua tau zoo no tau pom meej meej tsuas yog thaum piv nrog kev teeb tsa transformer, tab sis niaj hnub no muaj cov txiaj ntsig tshiab ntawm kev muab tam sim no rau cov kav dej.

Tsim cov chaw nres tsheb cathode

Cov cuab yeej zoo li no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv ntau rooj plaub, cov duab thiab qhov ntev. Tau kawg, kev coj ua ntawm tus kheej tsim ntawm cov tshuab no kuj yog dav, uas ua rau nws ua tsis tau tsuas yog kom tau txais kev tsim qauv zoo rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, tab sis kuj muab cov kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog.

Kev suav nruj ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb tso cai rau koj los txhim kho tus nqi ntxiv ntawm nws qhov kev teeb tsa, kev thauj mus los thiab kev cia khoom. Piv txwv li, kev tiv thaiv cathodic tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov kav xa dej raws li lub inverter nrog qhov loj ntawm 10-15 kg thiab lub zog ntawm 1.2 kW yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom me me. Cov khoom siv nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo li no tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam los ntawm lub tsheb, txawm li cas los xij, rau cov haujlwm loj, ntau qhov chaw nres tsheb loj thiab hnyav tuaj yeem siv, xav tau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom, crane thiab pab pawg installation.

tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov chaw nres tsheb cathode tau muab rau kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej nws tus kheej. Ua li no, peb ua kesystems uas tso cai rau kev tiv thaiv chaw nres tsheb los ntawm luv luv Circuit Court thiab thauj khoom tawg. Hauv thawj kis, cov fuses tshwj xeeb yog siv los ua haujlwm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Raws li lub hwj chim surges thiab so, lub chaw nres tsheb cathodic tiv thaiv tsis zoo li yuav cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm lawv, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj kev phom sij ntawm hluav taws xob poob. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib txwm hom, cov cuab yeej ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug me me voltage, ces tom qab ib tug so, dhia nyob rau hauv cov ntsuas yuav coj mus txog rau 120 V.

Lwm hom kev tiv thaiv electrochemical

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv cathodic, cov thev naus laus zis hluav taws xob kuj tau siv, nrog rau txoj kev sib tw rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Qhov kev cog lus zoo tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm corrosion. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, active ntsiab tseem txuas nrog lub hom phiaj khoom, uas xyuas kom meej lub transformation ntawm nto nrog cathodes los ntawm txoj kev tam sim no. Piv txwv li, cov yeeb nkab steel uas yog ib feem ntawm cov kav dej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm zinc lossis txhuas cylinders.

Zaj lus

Txoj kev ntawm kev tiv thaiv electrochemical tsis tuaj yeem raug cais raws li qhov tshiab thiab, ntxiv rau, tshiab. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv cov tswv yim zoo li no hauv kev tawm tsam cov txheej txheem rusting tau ua tiav ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho teeb meem loj tiv thaiv kev nthuav dav ntawm txoj kev no. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev tiv thaiv cathodic corrosion ntawm cov kav dej inevitably generates thiaj li hu ua stray currents. Lawv tsis txaus ntshai rau lub hom phiaj qauv, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo raucov khoom nyob ze. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov stray tam sim no ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tib yam corrosion ntawm cov hlau ntawm cov kav dej uas nyob ib sab.