Forge khw: piav qhia, khoom siv. txias forging

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Hnub no, cov khw muag khoom hlau feem ntau tsis ua haujlwm nyob ib leeg. Feem ntau lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm qee qhov kev tsim khoom loj. Piv txwv li, lawv muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm mechanical engineering. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muab faib ua ob peb hom.

Qhov chaw yam ntxwv

Niaj hnub nimno khw muag khoom yog ib qho ua ke ntawm ob peb ntu. Qhov no suav nrog cov chaw tsim khoom thiab txhawb nqa, chaw cia khoom, nrog rau cov kev pabcuam thiab hauv tsev.

Yog tias peb tham txog txhua qhov sib cais, ces cov tuam tsev tsim khoom yog cov chaw uas lawv npaj ib feem, nrog rau cov chav uas cov forging rauj thiab nias, stamping hammers thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm. Cov chaw pabcuam suav nrog kev cob qhia uas kho cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb. Qhov no kuj suav nrog cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, cua sov, chav kuaj, kev tswj xyuas cov khoom tiav, thiab lwm yam.

Lub tsev khaws khoom ntawm lub khw muag khoom feem ntau khaws cov hlau, qhov khoob,forgings, flash, spare qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam.

Technological process

Hnub no, lub khw forge, zoo ib yam li lwm qhov chaw tsim khoom, yuav tsum tau tsim cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Rau kev cob qhia ntawm hom no, muaj ib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cov txheej txheem tsim khoom raug xaiv. Qhov kev ntsuas no yog tus nqi qis tshaj ntawm ib tuj ntawm forgings, uas yuav ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thib ob thaum lub sij hawm xaiv ntawm lub ntsiab ntau lawm technology yog qhov yuav tsum tau ntim ntawm qhov chaw, raws li tau zoo raws li yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb rau cov ntsiab.

Feem ntau hauv khw forge, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tau muab faib ua cov theem hauv qab no:

• sib cais ntawm cov khoom xav tau rau hauv qhov khoob ntawm qhov xav tau ntev;
• ua raws li cua sov lub workpiece thiab nws cov cua sov kho;
• kho cov khoom siv nrog kev kub siab kom muab nws cov duab xav tau;
• qhov no yog ib txwm ua raws li kev sib cais hom txheej txheem, tom qab uas ua tiav ntau txoj haujlwm feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov burrs thiab lwm yam.

khoom cua sov

Thaum ua haujlwm hauv khw muag khoom, kev saib xyuas ntxiv yog them rau cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm lub workpiece. Yuav kom ua tiav cov theem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom kom raug. Thermal conductivity yog hais txog cov txheej txheem thaum tshav kub dhau los ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm lub workpiece sab hauv. Qhov ntsuas no nyob ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm kub thiab qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau. Yog li ntawd,qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas no, qhov nrawm dua qhov cua sov yuav nkag mus rau hauv, uas txhais tau hais tias tsawg dua lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau ua kom sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom hlau, nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov kub thiab txias uas lub workpiece cuam tshuam kuj cuam tshuam rau thermal conductivity. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias feem ntau ntawm qhov kub ntawm 700-800 degrees Celsius, thermal conductivity coefficients ntawm cov hlau sib txawv yog ua raws.

Tsev yam khoom

Hnub no, muaj ib lub khw forging thiab nias, uas yog tsim los ua cov khoom ua haujlwm uas twb muaj cua sov lawm. Muaj ob txoj kev cuam tshuam - nws yog dynamic lossis zoo li qub. Yog tias siv cov kev xaiv dynamic, ces forging lossis stamping ntawm cov khoom feem ntau yog siv, thaum nias yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li qub.

Ua haujlwm hauv lub khw forging thiab nias yog nqa tawm tsuas yog siv peb hom khoom - cov no yog rauj, stampings thiab nias. Cov cua kub ntawm cov khoom feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov nplaim taws lossis hluav taws xob rauv taws. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug rhiav yog heev nyuaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug cua sov microclimate tau pom nyob rau hauv xws li cov chav. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub caij sov, qhov kub ntawm ib tug kws kho hniav qhov chaw ua hauj lwm yuav ua tau li 8-10 degrees Celsius siab tshaj cov huab cua kub. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum muab tso rau hauv qhov cub thiab rauj, uas tsim kom muaj thermal tawg.

kev cob qhia tshuab

Lub khw forge ntawm lub tshuab tsim khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom, nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj.

Muaj forging thiab stamping departments ntawm tshuab-tsev cov nroj tsuag. Hauv qhov no, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm yuav sib haum rau cov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuab engineering. Nws tuaj yeem yog tsheb, lub tsev cav thiab lwm yam.

Yog tias peb tsuas yog tham txog cov hom kev cob qhia uas tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub tuam txhab loj dua koom nrog kev tsim kho tshuab, ces muaj lwm hom - ib qho ntxiv. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau kev tsim cov me me forgings rau cov khoom loj. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los kho cov khoom siv hauv lub Hoobkas ntawm lub khw muag khoom, los tsim cov cuab yeej uas xav tau.

Lub tshuab tsim tshuab loj teeb tsa cov khw muag khoom thiab stamping ntawm lawv thaj chaw, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm qhov loj. Hom kab mob feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag nruab nrab lossis me me.

Yuav ua li cas txias forging

Cov cuab yeej no kuj siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm hlau. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm yog tias tsis muaj theem ua ntej ntawm lub workpiece yog rhuab mus rau qhov xav tau kub. Hauv qhov no, tsuas yog cov cua sov hauv zos ntawm cov cheeb tsam uas yuav tsum tau khoov yog tso cai. Txoj kev no yog ua raws li cov yas ntawm cov hlau.

Txhua yam hlau muaj qhov tsis xws li lub zog tensile, lub zog tensile thiab lub zog tensile. Siv cov yam ntxwv no, nws tuaj yeem ua cov hlau tsis muaj preheating. Ntawm noNws yog ib qho tsim nyog hais tias vim tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau tsis hloov, thiab yog li ntawd tempering, annealing thiab hardening yuav tsis ua.

Yuav ua li cas forging ua tiav nrog txoj kev no

Rau txias forging, peb hom kev ua haujlwm feem ntau yog siv:

• nias qhov khoob uas siv phau ntawv lossis cov cuab yeej siv tshuab;
• chasing yog ib qho ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam rau forging yam tsis muaj preheating, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem siv cov khoom dai rau ntawm tooj liab xwb, vim cov hlau yog mos thiab pliable;
• qhov kev xaiv thib peb yog khoov, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv txoj kev no

Ntawm qhov pom tau zoo, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau qhia:

• ua ntej, tsis tas yuav tsum tau preheating, uas txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom, vim tias tsis tas yuav yuav thiab siv cov khoom siv cua sov;
• thib ob, cov khoom siv tau ntev dua;
• thib peb, nws tuaj yeem ua kom haum rau qhov qauv nrog qhov raug siab;
• ua tiav ploj lossis txo qis qhov xav tau ntxiv ntawm qhov ua tiav;
• cov khoom tiav tsis muaj qhov seem ntawm cov hmoov av thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob rau ntawm qhov chaw.

Txawm li cas los xij, txias forging tsis yog yam tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo:

• yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau ntxiv kom ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig tshaj qhov kubnias;
• nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau ruaj khov, uas tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv los yog qhov khoob;
• qee qhov kev xaiv ua tiav yuav tsum muaj lub zog loj, uas yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb;
• ua ntej ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si.

Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais cov hauv qab no. Ua ntej, cov khoom siv rau lub khw forge yog hammers, presses thiab stampings. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm tau ua, ib qho khoom siv sib txawv yuav raug siv. Qhov thib ob, lub khw forging niaj hnub no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom loj dua, thiab tsis yog cov qauv sib cais.