Aircraft missile R-27 (air-rau-air nruab nrab-nrhiav missile): piav qhia, nqa, cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 18:53

Lub R-27 aircraft missile belongs rau cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws ntawm qeb ntawm domestic cua-rau-air missiles. Kev hloov kho ua ke ua ke feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia, nrog rau kev teeb tsa high-tech ntawm rudders nrog aerodynamic blocks. Vim nws cov qauv tsim, cov riam phom no ua tau zoo dua cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg sib tw txawv teb chaws AIM-7, piv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm dav hlau mus rau cov qauv tshiab ntawm AIM-120C hom.

Tsim & Txhim Kho

Kev txhim kho ntawm R-27 dav hlau missile pib rov qab rau xyoo 1972 ntawm Vympel State Design Bureau. Nws tau npaj los tuav cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug nrog qhov tseeb Su-27 thiab MiG-29 fighters ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Ib xyoos tom qab, lub tswv yim tsim tau raug txiav txim siab ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm MAP nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov thawj coj tsim qauv thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb.

Vim li ntawd, kev tso cai tau raug tso cai rau kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws xob nruab nrab, ua raws li kev pom zoo rau lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1974. Tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawvCov duab kos tau ua los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm "Vympel" thiab "Lightning". Nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis 1975, lub yeej tau muab tsub rau lub MKB, tom qab uas ib pab neeg ntawm engineers coj los ntawm P. Dementiev pib tsim ib tug mos txwv tshiab. Thawj cov qauv raug sim los ntawm kev tso tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshiab MiG-23-ML fighter. Serial ntau lawm pib nyob rau hauv 1984, peb xyoos tom qab, cov "khoom 470" raug saws.

Kev piav qhia ntawm R-27 aircraft missile

Thaum pib, tus qauv tau tsim los rau hauv tus account lub hom phiaj ntawm aircraft aerodynamics. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau hloov mus rau "duck" configuration, raws li asymmetric cruciform tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Technically complex aerodynamic rudders tau nkag mus rau hauv tus tsim. Cov ntsiab lus no muaj qhov elongation tseem ceeb, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv cheb (ntawm ntug pem hauv ntej) thiab lub hauv paus tapered.

Cov tswv yim zoo li no (ntawm "npauj npaim" hom) ua rau nws tuaj yeem siv cov rudders hauv hom sib txawv tsis yog rau kev tswj thiab tswj lub davhlau nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, tab sis kuj rau kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws nrog rau yob channel. Cov yam ntxwv tsim tau lav qhov ruaj khov yob lub sijhawm coefficient dhau ntawm tag nrho cov lej muaj nyob. Raws li, qhov rov qab tshwm sim, yam ntxwv ntawm lwm yam analogues tsim raws li "duck" system, tau leveled.

Tsim nta

Destabilizers yog muab rau ntawm lub cev ntawm R-27 aircraft missile, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub rudders ntawm lub homing taub hau. Cov npoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg zoo li qub tau muab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, uas hloov lawv tus kheej thaj chaw thaum hloovlub taub hau. Lub radar-guided version yog tsim los nrog kev hloov kho ua ke kom ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub missile.

Lawv tshaj yuav luag 2.5 npaug ntawm qhov kev ntes lub hom phiaj nrog lub taub hau. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm lub trajectory, inertial kev taw qhia rau lub hom phiaj yog siv nrog lub xov tooj cua kho ntawm qhov ceev thiab txoj hauj lwm yam, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hom phiaj maneuver. Thaum kawg, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tau muab rau kev ua tsev.

Ib yam kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab ejection launchers yog siv rau kev ncua ntawm Su-33 thiab lwm lub dav hlau thauj khoom. Thawj qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm APU-470 yog tsim los txhim kho cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv tis ntawm lub dav hlau, thiab lub catapult ua haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv qab tis thiab fuselage. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog titanium (rau rooj plaub) thiab cov hlau ntxiv (rau lub plhaub cav).

Destination

R-27 nruab nrab-ntau cov cuaj luaj tau tsim los cuam tshuam cov dav hlau thiab nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm txhua hom, nrog rau tshem tawm lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, hais tias riam phom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

• Kev puas tsuaj ntawm UAVs thiab nkoj nkoj hauv huab cua sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov ntev thiab nruab nrab;
• thaum cov neeg nqa khoom ua txhua lub sijhawm ntawm ib hnub hauv ib pab pawg thiab kev tswj hwm tus kheej;
• ntaus lub hom phiaj los ntawm txhua qhov kev taw qhia, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm av thiab dej, tsis hais cov ntaub ntawv, hluav taws thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Cov mos txwv hauv nqe lus nug yog xa mus rau cov tub rog ib feemassembled, nrog rudders thiab fenders tshem tawm.

Hloov kho ntawm R-27 aircraft missile

Cov riam phom no yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv tus kheej, lawv txawv ntawm hom kev taw qhia lub taub hau (semi-active hom radar ua (PARGS)) thiab thermal version (TGS). Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov propulsion units uas muaj tus qauv lossis muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog. Kev hloov kho nrog TGS tau ntxiv nrog cov ntawv ntsuas "T" lossis "ET", cov qauv nrog PARGS - "R" thiab "ER".

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tsab ntawv "E" sawv cev rau "lub zog-tsim" qauv. Ntau tus neeg yuam kev ntaus nqi decryption raws li "export" variation. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no muaj cov khoom siv roj hluav taws xob uas muaj zog ntxiv nrog txoj kab uas hla ntxiv piv rau lub fuselage compartment.

Qee qhov ntsuas dav dav ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho ntawm R-27 aircraft missile:

• warhead - tub ntxhais:
• fuse hom - tsis tiv tauj / radar / tiv tauj;
• warhead hnyav - 39 kg;
• vojvoog thaum qhib lub fuse - mus txog 6 m;
• cav - nrog ib hom (RDTT R-300);
• chav tsev fais fab ntawm kev hloov kho "E" - muaj qhov pib nce ntxiv nrog qhov txo qis ntxiv (RDTT R-300E);
• hnyav ntawm cov nroj tsuag fais fab - 95/192, 5 kg.

Parameter table

Cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm R-27 aircraft missiles txawv nyob ntawm kev hloov kho thiab lub hom phiaj. Cov lus hauv qab no yuav pab koj nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua tushom riam phom hais. Dashes txhais tau hais tias cov ntsuas tau zoo ib yam nrog "P" kev xaiv.

TTX	R-27R	27T	27TE	27RE	27 AE
Length (m)	4,08	3,79	4,5	4,78	4,78
Wing span (m)	0, 77	-	0, 8	0, 8	0, 8
foob pob hluav taws (kg)	253, 0	254, 0	343, 0	350, 0	350, 0
Warhead mass (kg)	39, 0	-	-	-	39, 0
Warhead configuration	qhia xaiv	-	-	-	-
Launch range (km)	80,0	70, 0	120, 0	130, 0	130, 0
Speed Indicator (M)	4,5	-	-	-	-
Yam kev taw qhia	Combined (semi-active radar nrog inertial kho)	Thermal all-angle design	Thermal, suav nrog txhua lub ces kaum	-	GOS nrog hom programming thiab inertial kho
R-27 missile carriers	Su-35/27/33, MiG-29, Yak-141	-	-	-	-

Tom ntej, xav txog txhua qhov kev hloov kho kom ntxaws ntxiv.

Versions 27-R

Tus qauv qhia yog ib hom foob pob hluav taws, uas muaj kev tswj xyuas inertial nrog kev kho los ntawm kev siv qee lub xov tooj cua zaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev taw qhia suav nrog ib chav radar ib nrab, uas tau qhib rau ntawm theem kawg ntawm lub davhlau.

Lub 9B-1101K GOS kev taw qhia tseem tab tom tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm Agat Research Institute. Cov txheej txheem no yog tsom rau kev ntes cov khoom ntawm qhov siab ntawm 20 txog 25,000 meters. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub siab tshaj plaws overestimation los yog underestimation ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm speeds mus txog rau 3500 km / h yog 10 km. Nws raug tso cai los pib ib khub nqi ntawm ob lub hom phiaj. Kev npaj ntawm GOS rau kev siv yog ua kom ib tug thib ob tom qab tau txais lub hom phiaj qhia los ntawm lub chaw tswj ntawm cov cab kuj hom Su-33 los yog MiG-29.

R-27T series

Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kev hloov kho no yog qhov muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob infrared. Kev tsim ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no thiab qhov chaw:

1. Nyob rau hauv qhov hneev nti hauv qab ntawm qhov ncaj ncees muaj lub ntsuas hluav taws xob infrared.
2. Lub taub hau kho vajtse nyob rau hauv ntu tom ntej ntawm rooj plaub.
3. Lub taub hau kawg nruab nrog plaub canard-configured rudders.
4. Lub taub hau tau teeb tsa tom qab lub zog tsav lub zog. Tseem muaj qhov chaw fuse.

Lub hull feem ntau yog nyob ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws xob. Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua yog 3 teev (ua ke nrog lub photodetector txias Circuit Court qhib).

R-27 ER thiab R-27 ET

The "ER" cua-rau-huab cua coj missile muaj qhov dav dav dav dav. Piv rau cov qauv hauv paus, nws muaj qhov loj tag nrho qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav. Semi-active radar nrhiav tau lav qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom hauv huab cua phem, tsis hais txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntuj thiab dag.

R-27 TE series kuj muaj qhov ntev, qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav. Nws qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog nws siv hauv dav hlau launchers rau kev tshem tawm txhua hom kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau, suav nrog cov dav hlau uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo thiab cov cuaj luaj cruise. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev cuam tshuam, huab cua puag ncig, keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb lossis dej saum npoo av, thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev taw qhia tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kev txiav txim.

Models 27AE and 27P

R-27AE version yog ib qho nruab nrab-ntau cov cuaj luaj, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus tawm tsam ntau lub hom phiaj huab cua. GOS suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua keactive radar thiab inertial kho qhov system. Cov nodes yog qhib nyob rau hauv lem, nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm ntawm lub davhlau. Lub GOS ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshwm sim los ntawm kev tau txais lub hom phiaj qhia los ntawm radars ntawm cov neeg nqa dav hlau lossis hauv av-raws li kev tiv thaiv dav hlau. Lub monopulse multifunctional guidance system tsim los ntawm Agat tshawb fawb lub koom haum muaj peev xwm los lav qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, ntes, taug qab thiab rhuav tshem cov hom phiaj.

Hom ntawm GOS tau teev tseg:

• nws tus kheej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom pib, uas tsis xav tau qhov chaw txhawb nqa ntawm lwm lub radars hauv davhlau;
• inertially kho qhov kev pab cuam nrog radar txhawb;
• coding hom, uas tso cai rau kev qhia txog cov kev pabcuam tshiab.

Lwm qhov kev hloov pauv nthuav dav - R-27P - hais txog riam phom tsis muaj zog. Lub taub hau yog tsom rau lub hom phiaj, tsom mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm radar, suav nrog AWACS cov cuab yeej. Tus tsim ntawm no version yog nqa tawm los ntawm MKB Kulon, tom ntej no theem ntawm creation yog nqa tawm los ntawm Avtomatika software, uas yog xam tau tias yog tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm passive radars. Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam no, tag nrho cov domestic systems ntawm passive coj lub taub hau rau saum npoo-rau-air missiles raug tsim. Txij li qhov kev tsim no tsis tau tsim ua ntej, kev ua haujlwm tau qeeb heev. Qhov project pilot R-27P tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv hauv xyoo 1981, lub Hoobkas thiab kev sim davhlau tsuas yog ua los ntawm 1984

Nqe txog cov neeg nqa khoom

Kev thauj mus los thiab xa tawm ntawm R-27 missiles, uas raws li NATO cov qauv hu ua AA 10 Alamo, tau ua los ntawm ntau tus neeg tua hluav taws hauv tsev.

Nrog lawv:

1. Su-27 - Soviet, thiab tom qab ntawd Lavxias plaub tiam neeg sib ntaus sib tua. Thawj lub davhlau tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1977, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau ua txij li xyoo 1985. Cov qauv no yog ib lub dav hlau loj ntawm Lavxias Air Force, tsim los kom tau txais kev ua tub rog zoo tshaj plaws hauv huab cua.
2. Su-33 yog lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm plaub tiam neeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab fighters, uas tau ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1998, thiab txawv ntawm nws lub peev xwm thauj khoom siab thiab dav dav. Feature - lub peev xwm los ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau tanker.
3. Su-34. Multifunctional fighter-bomber, tsom rau kev yeej thiab foob pob hauv av lub hom phiaj, ntsib cov yeeb ncuab lub hom phiaj hauv huab cua. Nta - cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb sib ntaus sib tua thiab muaj cov khoom siv tshiab los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
4. Su-35. Lub dav hlau tub rog no tseem hu ua Su-27M, thiab sib haum rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov tub rog thib tsib tiam.
5. Yak-141 yog huab cua huab cua ntau lub hom phiaj ua tub rog nrog ntsug nqa tawm thiab tsaws muaj peev xwm. Thawj lub davhlau tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1987
6. MiG-29. Multirole fighter ntawm plaub tiam, muab tso rau hauv kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv 1983.