Biotechnologist yog txoj haujlwm ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej. Description, pros thiab cons, xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Lub xyoo dhau los tau tso tseg qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau txhim kho sai, cov khoom tsim tau raug qhia rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Thiab nws zoo li tsis ntev los no, cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no yog ib qho kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv keeb kwm science. Tam sim no yog lub sijhawm ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab lub sijhawm.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas, tig lub qhov rooj mus rau cov neeg laus, tab tom tsom mus rau txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej. Xws li kev cog lus tshwj xeeb suav nrog kev tshawb fawb ntawm biotechnology. Nws kawm dab tsi, tus kws tshaj lij uas tau xaiv txoj haujlwm txawv txawv no ua dab tsi?

keeb kwm keeb kwm

Biotechnologist yog ib txoj haujlwm tshiab thiab tsis paub zoo. Lub npe ntawm science yog tsim los ntawm peb lo lus nyob rau hauv Greek: "bio" yog lub neej, "tekne" yog kos duab, "logos" yog science.

Speci alty "Biotechnology" - ib qho kev cog lus tshiab. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev tshawb fawb no tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov laus tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim khoom.

Nyob hauv ntau phau ntawv txhais lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov phau ntawv siv, biotechnology yog txhais raws li kev tshawb fawb uaskev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txheej txheem lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom thiab hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov txheej txheem fermentation siv los ntawm cov vintners thaum ub, cov neeg ua mov ci, kws ua zaub mov thiab cov kws kho mob yog siv ncaj qha ntawm biotechnology hauv kev xyaum.

Thawj zaug, qhov kev txiav txim siab tshawb fawb rau cov txheej txheem fermentation tau muab los ntawm Fab Kis kws tshuaj Louis Pasteur nyob rau xyoo 19th.

Thiab lo lus "biotechnology" yog thawj zaug los ntawm Hungarian engineer Karl Ereki hauv xyoo 1917.

Biotechnologist yog ib txoj haujlwm uas ua ke nrog kev lom neeg, tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tshawb fawb. Lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb pom yog thaj chaw ntawm microbiology, noob caj noob ces, chemistry, molecular thiab cellular biology, thiab embryology. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog engineering engineering, xws li: robotics, information technology.

Ntaus biotechnologists

Ib tus kws tshawb fawb nto moo tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam biotechnology yog Yu. A. Ovchinnikov.

Nws yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam membrane biology. Yuri Anatolyevich yog tus sau ntau tshaj 500 cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Lub koom haum ntawm Biotechnologists ntawm Russia muaj npe tom qab nws.

Biotechnologist: kev ua haujlwm. Description

Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm kev tshawb fawb no siv cov kab mob lom neeg muaj sia, cov txheej txheem, ua haujlwm rau lawv los siv txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm caj ces engineering. Cias muab, ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, cov khoom siv tshiab, cov nroj tsuag, cov vitamins, thiab hom tshuaj raug tsim. Lawm, cov khoom ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm yog txhim kho.thiab tsiaj ib puag ncig.

Biotechnology plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob. Ua tsaug rau biotechnological discoveries, hom tshuaj tshiab thiab kev npaj tau raug tsim. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, txawm tias tus kab mob nyuaj tshaj plaws tuaj yeem kuaj tau thaum ntxov.

Nyob rau qhov xav tau

Puas yog txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob biotechnologist hauv kev thov? Undoubtedly. Zoo li lwm yam kev tshawb fawb, biotechnology tab tom txhim kho sai, ncav cuag qhov siab zoo li tsis xav txog. Ntau xyoo dhau los, kev tshawb fawb tau mus txog qib tshiab - qib ntawm cloning. Cloning ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev (lub siab, ob lub raum) muab txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev kho mob thiab rov zoo tag nrho. Txoj kev kho mob no cawm tau ntau tshaj ib txoj sia.

Biotechnology ciam teb ntawm cell thiab molecular biology, noob caj noob ces, biochemistry thiab bioorganic chemistry.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm biotechnology raws li kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st yog kev loj hlob sai nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev siv science. Nws twb nkag mus yuav luag tag nrho cov spheres ntawm tib neeg lub neej thiab pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau economic sectors. Los xaus, biotechnology pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab kev sib raug zoo.

Nrog kev npaj tsim nyog thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua tiav ntawm biotechnology, nws muaj peev xwm los daws cov teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb rau Russia, uas yog: txhim kho thaj chaw khoob, thiab tib lub sijhawm muab cov pej xeem ua haujlwm. Txoj kev daws teeb meem no yuav muaj yog tiaslub xeev yuav siv kev tshawb fawb los ua ib qho cuab yeej rau kev lag luam, tsim kev lag luam me hauv cov chaw nyob deb nroog.

Txoj kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg yog nyob ntawm kev txhim kho biotechnology. Thiab yog tias peb tso cai rau kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom lag luam hloov pauv, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm cov tsiaj txhu. Qhov tshwm sim yog kev hem thawj rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob biotechnologist

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb biotechnologist feem ntau nyob ntawm kev lag luam uas nws ua haujlwm.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob biotechnologist ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, nws yuav tsum:

• txhim kho kev muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab tsim cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus;
• koom nrog kev qhia txog cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis tshiab;
• test tshiab qhib technologies hauv ntau lawm;
• txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis yav dhau los;
• koom nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab;
• tswj qhov raug ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis ntxiv;
• txhawm rau txhim kho TEP (cov ntsuas thev naus laus zis thiab nyiaj txiag) ntawm cov tshuaj;
• kho TEP thiab hloov pauv rau lawv thaum hloov cov khoom siv ib leeg lossis thaum hloov cov cuab yeej tsim khoom;
• khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab cov ntaub ntawv.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob biotechnologist ua haujlwm hauv kev tshawb fawb, ces nws yuav tsum koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb, nrhiav pom ntawm caj ces thiab cell engineering, thiab tseem tsimmethodological kev loj hlob.

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm biotechnologist yog qhov tsim nyog hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Hauv qhov no, txoj haujlwm yuav tsum ua raws li cov luag haujlwm no:

• kev kho cov dej khib nyiab thiab thaj chaw uas muaj kuab paug siab;
• pov tseg tsev neeg thiab khoom pov tseg.

Kev ua haujlwm hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev qhia txog biology thiab kev qhuab qhia rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Qhov tshwj xeeb "biotechnologist" yog muaj tswv yim, tshawb fawb, nthuav thiab xav tau sai los ntawm zej zog.

Ua tus kws kho mob biotechnologist: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Qhov tshwj xeeb no yog qhov xav tau siab niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws yuav xav tau ntau dua, vim biotechnology yog txoj haujlwm ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej. Nws yuav loj hlob sai. Yog tias tus kws kho mob biotechnologist xav tau, puas yog kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev ua haujlwm zoo lossis tsis yog?

Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam no, qhov pom tseeb zoo suav nrog lub meej mom thiab tsis meej ntawm txoj haujlwm. Muaj lub sijhawm los nrhiav haujlwm hauv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, thiab hauv ntau lub koom haum. Koj tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb rau qhov chaw ntawm tus kws tshuaj genetic bioengineer, bioprocess engineer, biotechnologist ntawm lipids, protein, tshuaj, hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.

Biotechnologist yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam biotechnology ua haujlwm nrog cov koom haum tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws. Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Russia yog qhov xav tau zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, lub qhov rooj qhib rau kev tsim cov hauj lwm txawv teb chaws.

Kev tshaj lij - biotechnologist: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Kev tshuaj xyuas, tau kawg, tsis muaj qhov zoo xwb. Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj haujlwm yog kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm lwm tus thiab qee qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv zej zog rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces.

Leej twg tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij?

Tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj lub siab tsom xam, kev xav dav dav, xav paub thiab xav tawm ntawm lub thawv. Lub neej yav tom ntej biotechnologist yuav tsum muaj lub siab ntev ntawm tus tim tswv, lub siab ntawm lub luag haujlwm thiab lub hom phiaj.

Biotechnologist yog ib txoj haujlwm nrog cov nyiaj tau los ib txwm muaj. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, tus kws tshaj lij zoo tuaj yeem khwv tau los ntawm 35,000 rubles rau 75,000 rubles ib hlis. Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation: los ntawm 21,000 rubles rau 45,000 rubles.

Ua haujlwm qhov twg?

Science biotechnology suav nrog ntau dua 20 lwm yam tshwj xeeb. Cov kawm tiav ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, tau txais txoj haujlwm no, yog cov kws tshaj lij ntawm ntau qhov profile. Lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw hauv qab no:

1. Industrial biotechnology suav nrog kev siv cov kab mob, cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu hauv kev tsim cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig uas tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub neej. Pharmaceuticals, zaub mov biotechnology, kev lag luam naj hoom yog cov chaw tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam.



2. Molecular biotechnology qhia txog kev lom neeg, engineering, thiab cov thev naus laus zis hauv computer. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no yog cov kws tshawb fawb hauv kev lag luam nanotechnology, kev kuaj mob kho mob, thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob ntawm tes. Cov kawm tiav tab tom tos cov chaw muab ntawv pov thawj,biotechnology tuam txhab, tswj thiab analytical laboratories, kws tshuaj thiab ua liaj ua teb.
3. Nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm ecology thiab lub zog, ib lub tsev kawm ntawv tiav tuaj yeem pab lub teb chaws daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob: roj thiab roj. Koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li tus kws tshaj lij kev lag luam pov tseg, tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev lim dej, tsim cov chaw kho mob thiab cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau pom lawv tus kheej hauv genetic engineering.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm biotechnologist hauv Kazakhstan tseem tsis tau tsim dua. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg kawm tiav ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tebchaws Kazakhstan qhia lawv cov dab neeg txog kev ua haujlwm kiv taub hau ob qho tib si hauv lawv lub tebchaws thiab txawv teb chaws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias txoj haujlwm tau txhim kho. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias cov chaw lag luam tshiab tau qhib txhua xyoo uas muab cov haujlwm.

Kev muaj peev xwm tshaj lij, lub siab xav txhim kho hauv cheeb tsam no yuav pab txhua tus kws tshaj lij tsim kev ua haujlwm thiab paub txog lawv lub peev xwm.