NPP-2006: ib tiam tshiab Lavxias teb sab nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag project

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Oddly txaus, tab sis hnub no ib hom ntawm lub zog huv tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog … atomic! Thiab, nyob rau hauv dav dav, heev justified. Yog lawm, cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear tsim cov khoom pov tseg phom sij, tab sis lawv cov nyiaj me me, thiab tib neeg tau kawm ntev los ua kom lawv yaj mus rau hauv cov iav iav uas tsis corrode thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cov bunkers hauv av tau ntau txhiab xyoo.

Yog tias peb piv lawv cov kev phom sij nrog cov ntim ntawm cov av thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tau tawm mus rau saum huab cua los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob thermal, ces lub atom yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.

New project

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tsim hluav taws xob thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau ua haujlwm tas li, tsim cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob ntawm cov atom ntawm cov tiam tshiab. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tsis deb li deb dhau los, NPP-2006 tau tshaj tawm. Qhov no yog ib qhov project tshiab nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag. Yog tias kev txhim kho thiab kev siv ua tiav, ces peb yuav muaj lub sijhawm los tsim kom muaj zog ntau dua, tab sis tib lub sijhawm muaj kev nyab xeeb nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag. Lub koom haum ntawm nuclear zog yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhim kho, uas cov kws tshaj lij tiv thaiv lawv txoj haujlwmperfect.

Hnub no, nws paub tseeb tias cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tshiab tau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm hauv Iran, nrog rau UAE. Feem ntau, qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias cov xeev no tau ua haujlwm ntev nrog peb lub tebchaws.

Lub ntsiab tsim nta

Nco ntsoov tias cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm ib qho chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear ntawm AES-2006 hom yog ob "cov Islands tuaj": tsoos thiab nuclear. Cov yav tas yog hais txog tag nrho cov qauv thiab cov tshuab uas ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog nuclear rau hauv thermal zog, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Raws li, cov tsoos "kos" yog lub npe nrov rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov tshuab uas tso cai rau koj hloov cov cua sov rau hauv hluav taws xob. Nws muab faib ua peb ntu:

• Turbine generator.
• Electrotechnical.
• Nyob.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob turbine ntawm NPP-2006, vim nws muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm thermal zog rau hauv hluav taws xob tsim nyog rau tus neeg siv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev hluav taws xob muaj cov kauj ruam-up thiab kauj ruam-down transformers, uas nws yog "remade" rau cov nqi tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los.

Cov cua sov tsis yog tsim los ntawm txhua lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear, tab sis qhov twg nws yog, nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob rau cov neeg siv khoom (xws li muab dej kub rau lub nroog cua sov network, piv txwv li). Tam sim no, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tsoos thiab nuclear "cov kob"tau saib xyuas tas li los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub uas tuaj yeem kaw lub reactor thaum muaj qhov ua tsis zoo me ntsis.

Qhia txog cov qauv ntawm "cov kob"

Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm nuclear "kos" yog ib txwm nyob ntawm lub reactor. Nws yog entangled nyob rau hauv lub dab dej kub, txias tshuab, hluav taws xob tswj thiab kev tiv thaiv systems. Lub xeev ntawm lub reactor yog saib xyuas txhua ob, cov kev nyeem ntawv yog muab piv nrog cov qauv txiav. Yog tias tsawg kawg qee qhov kev nyeem ntawv hloov pauv ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd xa lub tswb mus rau lub luag haujlwm tswj vaj huam sib luag.

Raws li ib txwm "kos", qhov chaw nruab nrab yog nyob hauv chav cav. Nws lub ntsiab installation: turbogenerator, condensate txoj kev, cua sov nroj tsuag thiab lwm yam auxiliary units. Lawv tseem ceeb heev, txij li thaum NPP-2006, txiav txim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus neeg cog lus, yuav muaj peev xwm muab cov chaw nyob ze tsis yog hluav taws xob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cua sov.

txias system

Qhov tseeb, nws muaj lub reactor thiab lub coolant uas sib txuas lus ncaj qha nrog nuclear roj blocks. Nws muaj plaub lub voj voog ncig, nrog rau ib qho condensing unit. Kuj tseem muaj ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub tub yees, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, lub hauv paus Circuit Court yog xov tooj cua, vim nws cov coolant nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov roj Cheebtsam emitting hluav taws xob.

Raws li, lub voj voog thib ob yog tsis muaj hluav taws xob. nwsdua chav generators, chav pipelines, turbine units thiab condensing units nrog twj, lwm yam khoom. Cov khoom ntawm lub Circuit Court no tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg ua haujlwm cog thiab ib puag ncig, vim tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov roj hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom ua kom txias.

Nws ua haujlwm li cas?

Yog li, thaum lub coolant nyob rau hauv thawj Circuit Court dhau los ntawm lub reactor core, nws heats li thiab ces dhau los ntawm plaub lub tshav kub pauv ntxiv loops. Lub sijhawm no, cov cua sov hloov mus rau qhov thib ob Circuit Court. Tom qab dhau los ntawm cov cua kub exchangers, thawj coolant dua mus rau lub reactor core rau cua sov. Kev khiav dej yog yuam, los ntawm cov twj.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm hom tshiab fais fab nroj tsuag

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm hom tshiab ntawm nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag thiab ib txwm muaj ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo li no? Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua tiav versatility. Cov nroj tsuag fais fab muaj kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho rau txhua hom struts thiab climatic tej yam kev mob. Kev tsim kho yuav tsum yog ob qho tib si ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb thiab ntawm cov av mos, suav nrog hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev ua seismic tsis tu ncua.

Yog tias nws tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj lub zog tshiab nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag uas muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud (sea dej, seismic instability) tau sau tseg, ces qhov kev hloov pauv ua ntej tsuas yog ua rau qhov project. Tus tsim nws tus kheej tsis hloov nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev.

Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig

NPP cov haujlwm tshiab suav nrog ntau qhov kev ntsuas,txhawm rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib kis ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv ntau lub tshuab tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, tsom rau cov khoom xws li:

• Reactor compartment.
• Lub tsev pabcuam rau cov reactor compartments.
• Kev kub ceev substation rau lub zog ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb.
• Main turbine generator set.

Lub tsev reactor yog qhov tseem ceeb, tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm nuclear "kos" tab tom tsim nyob ib puag ncig nws. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob chav tsev, nrog rau cov tub yees thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov project muab rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov qab ua kua roj, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub zog cov twj tso kua mis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej tsis tsim hluav taws xob vim qee yam kev huam yuaj, tab sis nws tseem tsim nyog kom txias lub reactor core. Yog li kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear tiam tshiab yog nyob rau saum.

Lwm yam ceev faj

Lub reactor thiab tag nrho cov nyob ib sab yog tiv thaiv los ntawm ib tug loj ob lub plhaub, uas tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom lwj thiab nuclear roj Cheebtsam los ntawm lub reactor thaum muaj xwm txheej thiab lwm yam tsis tau pom dua.

Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv chav dej tshwj xeeb muaj cov tshuab ua kom huv huv hauv dej, chav dej, pov tseg. Tag nrho cov qhov cua thiab chav tshuab hluav taws xob teeb tsa tau rov ua dua kom txo qis qhov yuav muaj xwm txheej thiab lwm yam tsis zoo.xwm txheej. Feem ntau, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag (muaj ib daim duab nyob rau hauv cov khoom no) yog ib yam khoom uas nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg txawm cov tub rog units thiab bases yuav khib.

Reserves ua ntej

Txhua yam kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb txuas nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaub qab kom txawm tias thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm tsis cuam tshuam. Cov tsev nyob hauv cov haujlwm tshiab ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev nuclear nyob ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws tau nyob deb ntawm ib leeg, yog li txawm tias thaum muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm lub dav hlau, tsis muaj dab tsi rov qab los. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm NPP-2006, qhov project uas peb nyuam qhuav tshuaj xyuas hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub reactor compartment

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov tseeb domestic nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, lub reactor ntawm lub hom (RU) V-392M yog siv. Tau kawg, qhov no suav nrog tsis tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov condensers, cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov chaw tso dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb. Yog tias peb sib piv tag nrho cov no nrog cov qauv qub ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov engineers txawv teb chaws, tom qab ntawd cov kev daws teeb meem hauv tsev muaj ntau qhov zoo ib zaug:

• Kev ua tau zoo tau nce ntxiv los ntawm kev siv cov roj tshiab, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov reactors tshiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo nrog cov qub.
• Cov kev sib tham sib tham zaum kawg yog siv los muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog xwm txheej ntawm txhua qhov ntawm.
• Reactor core control systems kuj tau txhim kho zoo.
• Lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tau nce mus rau qhov tsawg kawg ntawm 60 xyoo.
• Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm atomic burnupRoj tau nce tam sim ntawd mus rau 70 MW.
• Lub sijhawm kaw cia kom tsawg.

Yog li, Russia lub zog nuclear kev lag luam tau muab pov tseg ib lub cuab yeej muaj zog tshiab uas yuav ntxiv dag zog rau kev ywj pheej ntawm peb lub tebchaws.