Cov khoom lag luam: kev faib tawm. Yuav ua li cas yog haberdashery?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Haberdashery ua ke ntau yam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam. Feem ntau cov no yog cov khoom me me, tsis muaj qhov muaj nyob tsis tau niaj hnub no. Raws li lub hom phiaj, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsim khoom, tag nrho cov khoom lag luam tau muab faib ua: textiles, tawv khoom, hlau, perfumery thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cia wb mus saib txhua yam ntawm cov khoom hauv qab no.

Textile haberdashery

Hom no suav nrog cov khoom tsim los ntawm textile yarn los ntawm kev sib tw, knitting lossis weaving. Tag nrho cov khoom raug muab faib ua pawg sub. Cov no yog ribbon weaving khoom, wickerwork, threads, ntaub, curtains, raws li zoo raws li umbrellas. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov xov kuj tau muab faib ua paj ntaub, darning, xaws thiab knitting. Tag nrho cov khoom lag luam haberdashery no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab cov yam ntxwv. Rau kev xaws, siv cov khoom hluavtaws-raws li cov xov uas ruaj khov dua. Knitting threads feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj. pheej yig dua, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg nrov yog cov xov paj, uas yog ib nrab hluavtaws. Cov xov zoo li no tsis ntsws thiab coj tus cwj pwm zoo hauv cov khoom tiav. Lawv cov tsis xws luag muaj xws li ntau yam knots, irregularities,plaub hau.

Ntawm cov tshuab xaws ntaub, cov khoom siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj yog tsim. Rau kev tsim cov khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj nrog rau cov ntaub nplaum. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv thiab cov ntaub nplaum tshwj xeeb. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim cov hlua khi, lub hnab tuav, nrog rau kev khi rau kev txiav txim thiab khoom plig. Txhua daim kab xev weaving tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv. Rau kev tsim cov khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim feem ntau yog siv. Yog tias tsim nyog siv cov ntaub nplaum muaj zog, cov khoom siv hluavtaws raug xaiv. Kev npaj kom raug rau kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tsis xws luag, thiab tseem ua rau cov kab xev uas yuav raug muag los ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Ntau tus poj niam nyiam hnav khaub ncaws rau lawv tus kheej thiab cov neeg hlub ntawm lawv tus kheej. Nws yog rau lawv uas textile haberdashery khoom muaj. Cov no yog ntau hom ntaub uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv wardrobe, nrog rau cov ntaub pua chaw pw thiab ntaub ntaub. Hauv cov khw tshwj xeeb niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub rau txhua qhov saj thiab nyiaj txiag. Ntau kim yog textiles ua los ntawm ntuj fibers. Cov no yog wool, paj rwb thiab silk. Cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov xov hluavtaws kuj nrov. Lawv yog siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws sab nrauv.

Kev muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog ua tom qab tswj tau zoo. Cov ntaub yog kuaj xyuas qhov tsis xws luag. Tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum ntsuas cov duab ntawm lub canvasthiab nws qhov dav. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj creases, txiav, knots thiab tsis sib xws staining ntawm cov ntaub. Yog tias pom muaj qhov tsis txaus, lawv raug cim nrog tus cim. Tsuas yog tom qab qhov tsis xws luag tau raug tshem tawm cov khoom tuaj yeem mus muag lossis hauv khw muag khoom.

Cov ntaub ntaub thiab cov khoom tulle kuj yog rau pawg haberdashery. Lawv yog cov ntaub mesh uas tuaj yeem dai nrog rhinestones lossis hlaws dai. Cov khoom zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm cov kab hlau rhuav-knitting tshuab. Tulle haberdashery khoom yuav txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Kev faib tawm suav nrog curtains ua los ntawm hluavtaws thiab ntuj fabrics. Cov khoom kim tshaj plaws yog cov khoom siv silk. Qhov me me admixture ntawm ntuj threads hauv curtains los yog tulle, tus nqi qis dua. Tus nqi ntawm tulle kuj tseem nyob ntawm txoj kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Qhov pheej yig tshaj yog cov khoom lag luam du. Curtains nrog yoov thiab cov qauv luam tawm tuaj yeem kim heev. Xov kab hlau rhuav, uas yog tsim los ntawm ribbons, kuj tseem nrov niaj hnub no.

khoom siv tawv

Yuav siv li cas rau cov khoom lag luam zoo li no? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov hnab, hnab nyiaj, hnab looj tes, siv tawv thiab siv tawv tawv los yog tawv tawv. Tag nrho cov khoom no ua si tsis tau tsuas yog ib qho kev pabcuam, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm zoo nkauj. Feem ntau, cov poj niam xaiv lub hnab tsis yog rau nws qhov dav, tab sis, yog tias ua tau, hnav nws nrog tiab lossis khau. Cov khoom tawv tawv tau nyob ib puag ncig ntev. Piv txwv li, lub hnab tau siv los ntawm tib neeg txij thaum ub los. Tab sis tom qab ntawd cov khoom no tsuas yog ua haujlwm xwb. Cov tawv tawv tau khi nrog txoj hlua thiab siv los txav qhov hnyav dhau qhov deb.

Cov Belts kuj tau pib siv txawm tias tsis muaj kev hais lus ntawm cov khaub ncaws ib txwm muaj. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, cov khoom siv tau ua kev tiv thaiv cov dab phem. Niaj hnub no, txoj siv tawv yog ib qho cuab yeej uas pab khaws cov ris tsho los yog tiab hauv qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv feem ntau siv yooj yim rau kev zoo nkauj, xaiv nws los ntawm cov xim rau khau lossis khi kom zoo nkauj hauv daim duab. Haberdashery cov khoom ua los ntawm tawv lossis tawv tawv niaj hnub no pab qhia txog cov xwm txheej. Lawv muab ib tug solidity.

Cov hnab looj tes tawv thiab cov hnab looj tes kuj yog cov khoom siv khoom siv los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv thaum ub. Niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv no yog siv los tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm txoj kev. Yav dhau los, cov hnab looj tes tawv tau siv los ua cov khoom siv ntxiv thaum txiav thiab ci tsiaj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg. Nws paub tias tawv tawv tsis hlawv. Niaj hnub no, cov cuab yeej no yog siv los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tawv tawv. Cov kev cai rau kev muag khoom ntawm haberdashery cov khoom ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso cov ntaub ntawv tsis txwv tsis pub kuaj lawv rau zoo. Yog hais tias lub hnab los yog lub hnab nyiaj yog ua los ntawm tawv, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsis txwv tus neeg yuav khoom siv lub teeb dua cov khoom.

Cov khoom siv los ua cov khoom tawv

Txhua yam khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov hnab looj tes, hnab, hnab tawv pojniam thiab siv tawv tau muab faib ua lub ntsiab thiab pabcuam. Tawvlos yog nws cov khoom siv hloov pauv yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua yam khoom. Qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom tiav yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws paub tias cov tawv nqaij ntuj tuaj yeem ntsws thaum ntub. Qhov no puas txhais tau tias cov hnab looj tes yuav hloov loj tom qab raug los nag? Yog tias cov khoom tau raug kho kom raug, teeb meem yuav tsis tshwm sim. Zoo tiv thaiv kom ya raws ntuj tawv muab aniline tiav. Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob yog tias cov hnab looj tes tawv tawv los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv muaj cov nqi sib txawv. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab kev nyiam rau cov khoom kim dua. Lawv tuaj yeem kav ntev dua. Cov hnab looj tes tawv zoo feem ntau sau npe raws li.

Cov kev xav tau zoo rau cov khoom siv tawv tawv thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv tuaj yeem siab heev. Cov kws tshaj lij kuaj cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg. Cov khoom yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog daim tawv nqaij ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, hnab looj tes thiab siv yuav tsum yog hypoallergenic. Cov khoom lag luam uas muaj daim ntawv pov thawj pom zoo tau tso cai muag.

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov khoom uas yog cov khoom tawv tawv hauv khw muag khoom. Tus nqi ntawm no, tau kawg, tuaj yeem yog qhov kev txiav txim siab qis dua. Tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los xyuas qhov zoo. Ib lub hnab los yog lub hnab nyiaj zoo tib yam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum loj.

Cov khoom siv pabcuam hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv tawv muaj xws li cov ntaub hauv ob sab phlu, nrog rau cov plaub hau ntuj thiab dag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xov muaj zog yog siv los txuas rau ib tus neeg ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem siv los ua qee yam khoom. Raws li accessoriesntau yam rivets, nyees khawm, zippers, thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj.

Metal haberdashery

hom khoom no txhais tau hais tias muaj ntau yam khoom lag luam uas yog tsim los ntawm ferrous, non-ferrous thiab sib xyaw hlau. Feem ntau cov no yog cov khoom ua los ntawm carbon steels nrog ib tug admixture ntawm nickel los yog chromium. Hlau haberdashery muaj xws li cov khoom siv xaws, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khaub ncaws accessories, khoom tu plaub hau, nrog rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov khoom siv xaws thiab xaws muaj xws li cov koob ntawm ntau txoj kab uas hla, knitting koob thiab hooks rau knitting, paj ntaub hoops, thiab thimbles. Koob, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib ua phau ntawv thiab tshuab.

Khaub ncaws hlau haberdashery muaj zippers, loops, hooks, nyees khawm, nyees khawm. Cov nyees khawm thiab cov nyees khawm muaj nyob rau hauv yim qhov ntau thiab tsawg, uas yog ntsuas los ntawm sab nraud txoj kab uas hla. Fittings tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov khoom lag luam haberdashery tuaj yeem ua rau cov khaub ncaws tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, cov nyees khawm, snaps thiab zippers uas muaj pob, burrs lossis xim tsis sib xws tsis mus muag. Tib txoj cai siv rau xaws accessories (kub thiab txiab). Yog hais tias ib tug neeg yuav ib yam khoom uas muaj feem xyuam rau hlau haberdashery, tab sis tsuas pom ib tug tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv tsev, nws muaj cai xa rov qab nyob rau hauv 14 hnub txij li hnub ntawm kev yuav khoom.

Nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem xav txog txhua hnub chav dej tsis muaj cov khoom siv hlau. Yuav ua li cas yog haberdashery? Cov no yog ntau yam cufflinks, plaub hau clips, hairpins, pins, curlers thiabbrooches. Haberdashery cov khoom lag luam kuj suav nrog manicure teeb - txiab, ntsia thawv ntaub ntawv, ntiv tes, spatulas. Feem ntau, cov khoom no yog ua los ntawm txhuas, tooj dag, cupronickel. Tsis tshua muaj muag koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom ua los ntawm kub thiab nyiaj. Cov khoom zoo li no yog kim, yog li lawv tsis nrov.

khoom tu plaub hau

Hlau haberdashery rau kev tu plaub hau muaj ntau yam loj. Cov no tsis yog tsuas yog combs xwb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau txiab thiab clippers, hairpins, elastic bands nrog hlau qhov chaw, curlers thiab hairpins. Cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog siab. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev sib raug zoo tsuas yog muab tom qab kuaj xyuas.

Kev ceev faj yog them rau qhov pom ntawm cov khoom. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Hairpins thiab hairpins yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov xaus, thiaj li tsis ua rau cov tawv taub hau muag. Cov khoom siv pabcuam (ntaub, pluab, lace, yas, kua nplaum) kuj raug kuaj rau tshuaj lom.

Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau polished. Yuav tsum tsis muaj nicks, khawb, lossis cov cim qhia ntawm corrosion. Hauv kev tsim khoom, cov khoom lag luam uas npaj rau kev tu plaub hau yog coated nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv xeb. Cov kws tshaj lij coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias cov khoom feem ntau tuaj ntsib nrog cov plaub hau ntub.

naj hoom

Perfume haberdashery cov khoom muaj ntau. Lawv kev faib tawm yog qhov dav heev. Rau perfumerysuav nrog cov khoom xws li eau de Toilette, naj hoom, cologne, poob lawm, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab lub cev lossis khaub ncaws. Muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau hom haberdashery no. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov tseeb tias perfumes feem ntau siv ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog coj mus rau hauv tus account. Yog li ntawd, perfumes, eau de toilette thiab tshuaj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo raws li daim ntawv qhia ua ntej npaj. Perfume yog homogeneous kua ntawm pob tshab sib xws. Cov nag me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub qis dua 5 degrees Celsius. Yog tias cov sediment tsis ploj hauv chav sov, ces cov khoom tsis zoo.

Cov xim thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov naj hoom yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv tswj. Rau txhua pab pawg ntawm cov khoom, muaj qee yam ntxhiab tsw tiv thaiv. Perfumes thiab colognes kav ntev tshaj plaws. Eau de Toilette thiab naj hoom tshuaj tsuag sai sai txaus. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tshiab yuav yog qhov kev txiav txim siab qis dua.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb kuj tau them rau daim ntawv lo. Cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb tau hais tias lub raj mis dej naj hoom yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv lo nrog cov xim sib xws, tsis muaj smudges ntawm cov kua nplaum. Lub ntim feem ntau muab cov ntaub ntawv tiav txog cov chaw tsim khoom, nrog rau cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hnub tas sij hawm ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau qhia.

Cov khoom naj hoom mus muag hauv lub khob iav. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom lossisnws qhov tsos. Lub raj mis yuav tsum tuaj txog ntawm lub khw tsis muaj punctures thiab tawg. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, cov khoom raug xa rov qab mus rau tus neeg muag khoom. Vials yuav tsum tau ntim nrog kua "mus txog lub xub pwg nyom". Yog tias lub thawv muaj qhov sib npaug, qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 5%. Qhov no yuav txaus kom tsis txhob tawg lub vial thaum kub nce.

Labeling requirements

Daim ntawv lo muaj yeeb yuj yeej ib txwm muab khi rau hauv lub raj mis naj hoom lossis dej tso quav, uas muaj cov npe ntawm cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho txog cov chaw tsim khoom, cov cim lag luam, thiab cov khoom cia rau cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, hnub ntawm kev tsim khoom, cov pab pawg uas cov khoom muaj, nrog rau qhov kwv yees tus nqi muag khoom, yuav tsum tau qhia. Qhov no zam kev speculation. Qhov tsis muaj qhov kwv yees tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv lo yuav qhia tau tias yog cuav. Lub npe ntawm cov khoom feem ntau yog muab tso rau ntawm sab xub ntiag, nrog rau nws qhov ntim hauv milliliters. Lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug luam tawm ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub vial.

Perfume tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv ceramic lossis iav fwj. Los ntawm kev paub peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev nyiam yog muab rau pob tshab iav ntim. Cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm xav pom cov khoom nws tab tom yuav. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los xyuas qhov zoo ntawm naj hoom (tseem muaj sediment) nyob rau hauv porcelain fwj.

Cov tshuaj tsw qab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov thawv txhuas nrog lub tshuab xa khoom. Cov khoom no yog tsim los siv rau khaub ncaws. Yog li ntawd, cov kev xav tau rau lawv qhov zoo yog qis dua. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg saum toj no yuav tsum tau qhia rau ntawm lub ntim.

Qhov ntau yam ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv pab pawg no suav nrog ntau yam khoom vented uas siv los kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tu lub cev. Muab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tshwj xeeb thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Shampoos, cream, pastes, talcs yog ib tug tshwj xeeb. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo nkauj feem ntau yog cov khoom lag luam rau cov poj niam (lipsticks, mascaras thiab pob muag, xaum, glosses, ntxoov ntxoo).

Tshuaj kho mob thiab tu cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yog qhov xav tau zoo niaj hnub no. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej txwv. Cov tshuaj nplaum, tshuaj txhuam hniav, cov gels da dej thiab tshuaj zawv plaub hau tsis yog siv los ntawm cov poj niam xwb, tab sis kuj yog txiv neej thiab menyuam yaus. Muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv rau cov menyuam mos. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv raw nrog ib txwm pH. xab npum los yog tshuaj zawv plaub hau rau menyuam yaus yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau mob yog tias nws kov lub qhov muag.

Txhua yam khoom zoo nkauj yog siv ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom uas tsis dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog yuav tsis tso cai rau muag. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo nkauj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau tawv nqaij khaus thiab ua xua. Ib qho kev zam tuaj yeem yog cov neeg siv khoom nrog cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev. Rau lawv, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tshwj xeeb mus muag, uas feem ntau tuaj yeem pom hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj.

Tshuaj pleev ib ce

Cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav tsum tau ntim kom zoo. Classification thiab assortment tsis ua lub luag haujlwm loj ntawm no. Txawm hais tias cov khoom lag luam twg koom nrog, cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau qhia rau nws: npe,chaw tsim tshuaj paus, ntau lawm hnub, muaj pes tsawg leeg. Kev kos npe yog ua raws li cov cai ntawm GOST R 51391-99.

Ntim yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dej noo thiab tshav ntuj. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce mus muag hauv cov thawv hlau lossis yas. Lub ntim yog kuaj xyuas qhov tsis muaj nicks thiab tawg. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, cov khoom yuav raug xa rov qab mus rau tus neeg muag khoom.