Cov xim ua los ntawm dab tsi?

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Koj txiav txim siab los qhia tus menyuam kom zoo nkauj - qhia nws kos. Los yog lawv lawv tus kheej "co cov hnub qub" thiab piav txog tej yam zoo li ntawd. Tab sis koj tsis paub yuav xaiv xim dab tsi. Cia peb kawm saib.

Kev faib tawm xim

Cov xim sib txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv kev sib xyaw, sib xws thiab tsw. Cov hauv qab no tsim nyog rau kev kos duab:

• watercolor;
• gouache;
• acrylic;
• roj;
• ntiv tes.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj zoo dua li dej xim

hom xim no yeej paub txhua leej txhua tus (hais lus, tos txais thaum yau nyob deb). Nrog cov xim xim dej (los ntawm txoj kev, lawv tau tsim los ntawm Suav) koj tuaj yeem pleev xim rau txhua qhov chaw ua haujlwm - tom qab tag nrho, muaj txog plaub caug xim, thiab txawm tias muaj ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo.

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm cov xim no? Qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog ib qho khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig uas tsis txaus ntshai txawm tias cov menyuam yaus muab los tuav lawv lub sijhawm so. Cia lawv kos! Tej zaum lawv yuav dhau los ua Repins lossis Aivazovskys. Cov duab kos ua nrog cov xim dej yog qhov txawv ntawm qee qhov airiness, naturalness, lightness thiab transparency.

Cov xim dej yog dab tsi? Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hom xim nosuav nrog:

• pob tshab resin. Nws yog tau los ntawm ziab cov kua txiv ntawm ntau hom acacia.
• Med.
• Qab zib (los yog glycerin).
• Plasticizers uas txhim kho cov khoom zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb! Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov xim dej, tsis txhob hnov qab txog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ceeb toom koj: cov tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li, xws li phenol tsis nyiam) kuj suav nrog cov xim pleev xim. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov xim xim dej, tsis txhob hnov qab txog nws thiab qhia txog txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas.

Ua rau peb tus kheej pleev xim

Tau kawg, qee tus kws tshaj lij pom zoo yuav ua tib zoo saib thiab sim siv cov xim pleev xim hauv tsev thiab snort thiab hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim ib qho "masterpiece" ua haujlwm nrog qhov no. Tab sis hauv kev tiv thaiv cov xim ua hauv tsev nrog peb tus kheej tes, peb muab cov lus sib cav hauv qab no:

• lawv zoo rau txhua hnub kev ua ub no nrog cov menyuam yaus (tshwj xeeb yog cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool), vim lawv tsis noj rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm tes thiab tuaj yeem so tau yooj yim (thiab yog tias muaj kev sib cuag nrog khaub ncaws, nws yooj yim los ntxuav.);
• tsis tas yuav mus ntsib cov khw muag khoom ntau zaus los yuav cov khoom (koj ib txwm muaj hauv Tshuag hauv tsev);
• xim tsis sib tov thiab huv si;
• muaj xim ci ntsa iab zoo li lub moos.

Cia li pib. Koj yuav xav tau:

• baking soda - plaub tablespoons;
• rooj vinegar - ob tablespoons;
• iblub teeb syrup - 1/2 tablespoon;
• starch (zoo dua pob kws) - ob tablespoons;
• dyes ua kua los yog hauv hmoov (rau cov zaub mov nkaus xwb);
• ib lub thawv tsim nyog (xws li khob khob lossis cov tais dej khov nab kuab).

Algorithm rau ua cov xim dej zoo

Yuav ua li cas pleev xim dej:

Zoo sib tov rau hauv ib lub thawv nrog lub qhov (ces nws yuav yooj yim heev rau ncuav sib tov rau hauv pwm), ob yam: dej qab zib thiab vinegar

Qhov tseem ceeb! Siv koj lub sij hawm: tos kom lub hiss xaus. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv mus "tsim."

• Ntxiv ob cov khoom xyaw nram qab no: hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab syrup. Sib tov txhua yam kom huv si, tsis txhob tawm hauv pob.
• Pov sib tov rau hauv pwm.
• Unpack cov dyes thiab ntxiv rau cov pwm.

Note! Cov pwm yog me me - yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txhuam cov xim hauv lawv, peb siv cov txhuam hniav lossis cov khoom sib tw. Peb ua txhua yam sai heev: nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws cia li ntawm 1 feeb. Thiab ib qho ntxiv: yog tias cov xim hloov mus rau me ntsis dej hauv qhov sib xws, ces tsuas yog ntxiv me ntsis hmoov txhuv nplej siab.

Cia cov xim kom qhuav. Qhov no yuav siv sij hawm 1-2 hnub (yog tias koj nruab ib lub tais nrog cov tshuaj pleev xim tshiab rau ntawm lub roj teeb, cov txheej txheem ziab yuav sai dua)

Thaum lawv qhuav tag, cia li lob txhuam, txhuam nws hauv dej thiab pib sculpting!

Gouache pleev xim kuj yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo

hom xim no nyiam los ntawm ob tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov uas nyuam qhuav pib taug txoj kev no. Txawm li cas losTxawm li cas los xij, kev xaiv yog qhov zoo, txij li gouache muaj cov xim muaj kua thiab ci; tuab thiab oily kev ntxhib los mos. Cov xim Gouache tau muab faib ua cov duab kos duab (ntau dua hauv qhov sib xws thiab ci dua; lawv siv rau kev tsim qauv) thiab kos duab.

Cov xim gouache yog dab tsi? Lo lus nug yog yooj yim heev. Hom xim no yog "tus txheeb ze ncaj qha" ntawm cov xim dej. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog tib cov xim pigmented thiab tib cov dej-soluble tivthaiv raws li cov kua nplaum. Qhov txawv tsuas yog tias ntuj dawb tau ntxiv rau gouache, uas muab nws ntau dua ntom ntom, ilv velvety thiab whiteness. Paintings ua los ntawm watercolors los yog gouache yog txawv los ntawm lawv quivering, rhiab thiab liveliness. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lwm lub tsheb.

Vim li cas ho tsis siv roj pleev xim

Txhua yam yooj yim heev: yog tias cov xim yog roj, ces dab tsi suav nrog hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg? Yog lawm, roj. Leej twg invented nws - keeb kwm yog ntsiag to. Hom xim no tsis tshua haum rau cov me nyuam me uas kos duab hauv tsev. Tab sis rau cov menyuam yaus (tam sim no, tej zaum cov kws ua yeeb yam ci ntsa iab) uas tuaj koom cov koom haum tshwj xeeb ntawm kev kos duab, lawv tsim nyog heev (tom qab tag nrho, lawv, cov menyuam yaus, paub siv lawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv).

Cov xim roj yog dab tsi? Lawv yog kneaded mas nrog linseed roj, uas tau undergone ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob. Ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no, cov khoom muaj xws li resin (alkyd) thiab cov tshuaj uas tso cai rau cov xim kom qhuav sai. Thiab qhov no yog qhov tseem ceebnthuav dav.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov xim roj yog dab tsi? Qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau lub sij hawm ntev lawv cov xim tseem nyob li qub ci thiab tob.

sim siv cov xim acrylic

Hnub no, acrylic yog txheej nrov heev, uas ob peb xyoos dhau los feem ntau tsis paub rau leej twg. Kev vam meej tsis nyob twj ywm. Cov xim acrylic qhuav sai heev, muaj cov xim nplua nuj ntawm cov xim, thiab tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim tsis yog rau daim ntawv lossis duab los qhia, tab sis kuj rau cov yas lossis ceramics.

Cov xim acrylic yog dab tsi? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas ua raws li cov khoom siv polymers xws li ethyl, butyl thiab methyl. Ntxiv rau lawv, cov dej thiab cov xim muaj nyob.

YYuav ua li cas "reanimate" acrylic xim

Yuav ua li cas - cov xim acrylic qhuav? Dab tsi tuaj yeem dilute lawv? Dej. Tsuas yog paub txog qee yam xwm txheej:

• Yuav tsum tsis muaj impurities hauv cov kua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov dej distilled (koj tuaj yeem yuav nws ntawm lub khw muag khoom kho mob lossis chaw muag tshuaj). Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem yuav, tsuas yog boil dej kais dej thiab cia nws sawv ntsug ib ntus.
• Cov dej kub yuav tsum nyob ib puag ncig +20 degrees.

Qhov tseem ceeb! Kev sib npaug ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog hais tias koj dilute nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 2 (uas yog, ib feem ntawm cov xim sib tov thiab ob dej), ces cov tshuaj yuav muaj ib tug zoo sib xws ntawm cov kua thiab yuav haum tsuas yog rau lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus txheej. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1, ces zoo heevhaum raws li lub tsho loj.

Xim rau cov me nyuam

Muaj cov xim uas tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus uas tuav tsis tau xaum lossis txhuam. Lawv hu ua ntiv tes. Cov xim zoo nkauj haum rau saum npoo thiab tsis ntws los ntawm cov ntiv tes. Ua hauj lwm nrog lawv yog ib qho yooj yim heev: tsuas yog dipped koj tus ntiv tes rau hauv ib lub thawv xim, ces kov daim ntawv (daim duab los yog iav). Txhua yam yog npaj txhij! Koj tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv lub gallery!

Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm cov xim zoo li no? Lawv yog cov dej-raws li thiab tsuas muaj xim zaub mov. Muaj tseeb, nws tsis zoo li tus me nyuam yuav nyiam cov khoom no, vim cov xim muaj iab los yog qab qab saj. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm lub hom phiaj kom tus menyuam tsis txhob raug ntxias noj ua ntej noj hmo.

Yuav siv cov xim gel li cas

Cov lus nug no tau teb zoo tshaj los ntawm fashionistas. Lawv twb paub tseeb tias cov xim gel ua rau cov ntsia hlau txaus nyiam. Tsis tas li ntawd, siv cov txheej txheem no, koj tuaj yeem ua tus manicure ntawm cov ntsia hlau ntawm txhua qhov duab thiab qhov loj me (ob qho tib si ntuj thiab txuas ntxiv). Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov xim no yog tias lawv sib tov zoo, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntxiv.

In xaus

Tam sim no koj paub tias cov xim dab tsi yog ua los ntawm. Thiab nrog kev paub txog qhov teeb meem, koj tuaj yeem poob rau hauv cov txheej txheem txaus nyiam no.