Ib tug keeb kwm kos duab yog Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kos duab thuam. Profession kos duab historian
Ib tug keeb kwm kos duab yog Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kos duab thuam. Profession kos duab historian

Video: Ib tug keeb kwm kos duab yog Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kos duab thuam. Profession kos duab historian

Video: Ib tug keeb kwm kos duab yog Kev tshawb fawb ntawm kos duab thuam. Profession kos duab historian
Video: Xwm Kab Yog Dab Tsi?: Hmoob Nkag Siab Yuam Kev Tag Lawm 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tus kws sau keeb kwm kos duab yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv nws txoj haujlwm, kos duab kos duab. Nws tuaj yeem yooj yim paub qhov txawv ntawm cov haujlwm uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig Monet los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Manet. Nws paub tag nrho cov intricacies ntawm cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv uas artists, musicians, sculptors thiab artists ua hauj lwm. Tab sis kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev paub encyclopedic nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim teb tseem tsis tau ua kom lub npe ntawm ib tug zoo-deserved thiab lees paub cov kos duab critic. Ntawm no koj yuav tsum paub ob qho tib si cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pom kev pom thiab kev coj ua, thiab muaj kev nqhis dej tsis txaus kom pom, mloog, xav txog cov txuj ci ntawm ntiaj teb kos duab nrog koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag.

History of tshwm sim

Keeb Kwm (-kev paub) yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los. Peb tuaj yeem txiav txim qhov no los ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm Aristotle, Plato lossis Socrates, uas nyob ua ntej peb lub sijhawm. Lub sijhawm ntawd, keeb kwm kev kos duab tsis yog cov lus qhuab qhia ywj pheej, tab sis theej muaj tus cwj pwm kev kawm, yog ib feem ntawm lub tswv yim thiab kev ntseeg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

tus kws kos duab yog
tus kws kos duab yog

Kev tshawb fawb ntawm keeb kwm kos duab tau vam meej nyob rau lub sijhawm Cicero (I xyoo pua BC), thiab qhov pib ntawm peb lub sijhawm tau cim los ntawm cov duab kos duab ntawm Asia. Qhov nruab nrabxyoo pua, lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev kos duab tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev ntseeg kev ntseeg ntawm Augustine thiab Thomas Aquinas. Tab sis lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb thiab lub sijhawm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho duab kos duab yog lub Renaissance (Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Sandro Botticelli), thaum cov masterpieces tiag tiag tau tsim, uas tam sim no yog cov piv txwv tseem ceeb rau cov neeg nyiam kos duab siab.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, kev thuam kev kos duab tau coj los ua ib qho kev qhuab qhia ywj pheej, tus progenitor uas yog suav tias yog ib tug neeg keeb kwm German, tus hlub ntawm qub txeeg qub teg - Johann Winckelmann. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thawj cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev tsim ntiaj teb kev tsim tawm. Thiab twb yog ib txoj hauj lwm, kev thuam kev kos duab tau pib ua zoo thaum tig ntawm 19th-20th centuries. Niaj hnub no, leej twg tuaj yeem paub qhov tshwj xeeb no, txij li cov tsev kawm uas qhia cov neeg paub txog yav tom ntej ntawm lub ntiaj teb masterpieces thiab tsis tshua muaj nyob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws yog qhov zoo dua, xaiv cov tsev kawm qib siab uas nyob ze rau cov haujlwm zoo, piv txwv li, hauv Europe lossis Russia.

txoj haujlwm no yog kev thuam kev kos duab

Ntiaj teb kev kos duab
Ntiaj teb kev kos duab

Kev tshaj lij yog nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev nkag siab tshwj xeeb, nthuav dav thiab qhia hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Nws captivates los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws npog ntau qhov chaw uas tus kws tshaj lij yav tom ntej tuaj yeem paub nws tus kheej. Tab sis ob tus thawj ntawm lawv: kos duab theorist thiab kos duab keeb kwm. Cov kev ua ub no ntawm yav dhau los yog tsom rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kawm txog lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev kos duab: nws cov teeb meem, cov qauv, tshwj xeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm hom, hom thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog tib neeg tag nrho. Qhov kev taw qhia thib ob yog ntau qhov sib txawv, nws suav nrog thaj chaw xws li:

  • tshawb nrhiav khoom;
  • systematizationua hauj lwm ntawm ntau yam masters, tsev kawm ntawv thiab tiam sis;
  • kom ntseeg tau tias khaws cia cov khoom pov thawj hauv tsev cia puav pheej, sau cov ntawv rau lawv;
  • muab kev xav txog qhov yuav tsum tau rov qab ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb;
  • tsim kom muaj kev sau ntawv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, qhov tseeb ntawm ib yam, nws tus nqi;
  • nrhiav tau lub npe tshiab hauv kev kos duab;
  • kev koom tes hauv archaeological expeditions;
  • |

  • tshaj tawm cov ntawv qhia txog kev tshawb fawb thiab nrov tshaj plaws, sau, phau ntawv qhia tawm los ntawm cov tsev khaws khoom kos duab thiab cov chaw;
  • tshuaj xyuas thiab cov ntawv nrog lub hom phiaj kev ntsuas, kev thuam, kev tshuaj xyuas, cuam tshuam txog cov teeb meem tam sim no ntawm kev tshawb fawb kos duab;
  • kev koom tes ntawm kev nthuav tawm, kev nthuav qhia (nrog rau thoob ntiaj teb sawv daws).

Kev ua haujlwm

Art historian tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm xwb. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev xav, ib tug tshwj xeeb style ntawm tus cwj pwm, lub neej. Nov yog txuj ci! Thiab nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Koj tuaj yeem siv koj txoj kev paub los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kos duab, tsev cia puav pheej, ntawm ib tus neeg nthuav tawm lossis kev mus ncig ua si, tejzaum nws tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txuj ci thiab lub peev xwm ntawm tus kws sau keeb kwm kos duab yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sau ntawv, piv txwv li, hauv qee lub tsev luam ntawv loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm qhov profile no tuaj yeem mob siab rau nws lub neej rau kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm lossis nrhiav nws tus kheej hauv kev lag luam antique. Nws kuj yuav ua tau zoo kom paub nws tus kheej ua tus kws qhia ntawv thiab kos duab.

Zoo ntawm kev thuam kev kos duab

ua haujlwm art critic
ua haujlwm art critic

Kev xaiv txoj haujlwm no lossis txoj haujlwm ntawd, ua ntej ntawm txhua tus, peb txhua tus tsom ntsoov rau nws tus kheej zoo. Cov neeg uas muaj kev xav txog kev xav thiab kev ntshaw rau cov kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag, feem ntau yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm kos duab. Tus neeg uas paub lub ntiaj teb zoo li cas yuav tsum muaj?

Yog peb tham txog lub peev xwm, ces nws yuav tsum tau tsim kev kos duab, kev xav, kev xav, kev nco. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab zoo, xav txog qib intuitive, nkag siab, ua tib zoo mloog, ncaj ncees thiab lub hom phiaj hauv nws cov kev txiav txim, kev thuam, muaj peev xwm txaus siab thiab ib txwm nyob hauv cov khoom tuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog lub ntiaj teb ntawm masterpieces thiab antiques.

Los ntawm tus kheej zoo, ib tus tuaj yeem tso siab rau, qhov tseeb, kev txawj ntse, kev ua siab ntev, kev sib raug zoo thiab, tau kawg, kev ntshaw rau kev txhim kho tus kheej.

Ua haujlwm hnyav…tsis xyaum

nto moo art critics
nto moo art critics

Txhua txoj haujlwm muaj ntau qhov kev paub pib, kev txawj ntse thiab peev xwm. Thiab peb txoj hauj lwm yog kom paub lawv mus rau theem ntawm tus kws tshaj lij hauv lawv txoj haujlwm. Yog li, tus kws tshaj lij kos duab yog ib tus neeg uas yuav tsum tau sau ntau cov ntaub ntawv (npe, lub npe, nqe lus, hnub tim); sau cov ntawv, phau ntawv, sau ntawv, tshuaj xyuas ntawm qee yam ntsiab lus; Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm, txiav txim siab rau leej twg thiab lub sijhawm twg nws nyob. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kos duab yog ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj kev xyaum. Nws cov dej num muaj xws li yuav tsum tau mus ntsib cov chav ua yeeb yam, kev nthuav qhia, nthuav tawm, nrog rau kev koom tes ncaj qha hauv lawv cov kev npaj thiab koom haum txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.kev paub.

Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev los muab koj cov kev paub theoretical nrog rau kev siv tswv yim. Yog tias koj yuav sau ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas lossis ua haujlwm tshawb fawb txog qee qhov kev tsim zoo, ces koj yuav tsum sim ua kom pom ntawm koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag. Rau cov neeg uas yuav dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb hauv qee thaj chaw (khoom tsis tshua muaj, qee lub sijhawm, style, kev taw qhia), txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm no yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tso cai rau koj kom meej meej qhia tag nrho koj cov kev tshaj lij.

Ntiaj teb kos duab keeb kwm

kos duab critic profession
kos duab critic profession

Artist tsis yog txoj haujlwm, nws yog lub npe siab! Uas ib tug neeg hnav ris tsho zoo siab, tab sis tsim nyog ua tsaug rau qhov kev nkag siab tsis meej ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob ib puag ncig nws, kev paub txog kev kawm thiab kev hlub tsis muaj peev xwm rau kev kos duab. Muaj ob peb tus kws tshaj lij tiag tiag hauv lawv daim teb, tab sis ntawm lawv muaj peb cov neeg sib tw. Piv txwv li, Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky yog lub xeev daim duab, kos duab critic, sau ntawv critic, playwright, neeg txhais lus. Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev (1872-1929) - ua yeeb yam duab, kos duab thuam, propagandist ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab txawv teb chaws.

Lawv mob siab rau lawv lub neej rau qhov laj thawj uas tsis yog ua rau lawv nyiam, tab sis txhawb lawv kom kawm, tsim thiab tsim. Ua raws li lub sijhawm, tab sis nkag siab meej tias nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas kom txaus siab thiab khaws cov cuab yeej cuab tam yav dhau los.

Pom zoo:

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Yuav ua li cas thiaj tau txais cov nyiaj txais nrog cov nyiaj hli me me: cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, txheej txheem thiab cov xwm txheej rau kev sau npe, nqe lus them nqi

Puas yog nws tuaj yeem xauj tsev qiv tsev: cov nyiaj txais tsev, cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab cov lus qhia kev cai lij choj