Amphoteric surfactants: lawv yog dab tsi, hom, kev faib tawm, txoj cai ntawm kev txiav txim, ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj hauv tsev, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Hnub no muaj ob txoj kev xav. Qee tus hais tias amphoteric surfactants yog cov tshuaj phem uas yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Lwm tus sib cav tias nws tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, tab sis lawv siv yog qhov tsim nyog. Yuav kom nkag siab tias vim li cas qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov khoom no yog dab tsi.

Kev piav qhia dav dav

Nws tsim nyog pib nrog qhov tseeb tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm amphoteric surfactants rau zawv plaub hau, piv txwv li, tsuas yog tsim nyog. Qhov tseeb yog tias yog tias koj ntxuav koj cov plaub hau nkaus xwb nrog dej, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm tsuas yog cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem yaj hauv dej. Plua plav, av thiab hws tsis yaj hauv cov kua li ib txwm, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yuav tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog cov lipids ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Vim li no, kev siv tshuaj yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov tshuaj no ntawm daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau.

Hnub no muaj 4 hom surfactants sib txawv ntawm ib leeg los ntawm polarity ntawm lawv cov molecules. Rau lub hauv paus no, anionic, cationic, nonionic lossis amphoteric yog qhov txawv. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tiasib txhia hu cov amphoteric pawg tseem ionic. Vim li no, muaj teeb meem, txij li thaum tib neeg ntseeg tias muaj 5 pawg xws li - amphoteric surfactants, ionic thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem thiab tsuas muaj 4 tus xwb.

Kev piav qhia thawj qeb

hom no suav nrog anionic thiab cryptoanionic sulfo compounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv tensides, uas feem ntau yog incompatible nrog av ntawm lwm tus. Thiab nws yog cov tshuaj no uas feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov neeg uas tawm tsam kev siv cov surfactants yws txog. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj saib cov khoom los ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, ces pab pawg no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntxuav tes. Anions thiab cryptoanions feem ntau zoo tshem tawm cov av ntawm qhov chaw uas lawv nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog. Vim li no, niaj hnub no yuav luag tag nrho cov tshuaj ntxuav tes muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li no.

Tseem ceeb tam sim ntawd yog pab pawg no uas cov neeg kawm tau txais thawj zaug. Nrog rau lub sijhawm dhau los thiab kev loj hlob ntawm noob neej, nws muaj peev xwm tau txais anionic tensides los ntawm cov protein thiab cov rog alkalized nrog tshauv thiab lwm cov tebchaw ntawm hom no. Txog niaj hnub no, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov anionic thiab cryptoanionic surfactants yog txiv maj phaub, xibtes, roj rapeseed, nrog rau cov roj los ntawm nyuj los yog tshis mis nyuj.

Raws li rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm pawg no ntawm surfactants, nws yog raws li cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov molecules ntawm pawg no. Qhov khoom yog tias lawv muaj ob ntu - hydrophilicthiab hydrophobic. Ib tug ntawm lawv (hydrophilic) nyiam dej, lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Thawj feem ntawm cov molecule tso cai rau cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv dej thiab raug ntxuav los ntawm nws. Qhov thib ob, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom tsis yog polar, uas yog, plua plav, av, rog, thiab lwm yam. Thaum zawv plaub hau, piv txwv li, qhov chaw hydrophobic ntes av thiab lwm yam khoom zoo sib xws rau hauv micelle - lub pob hollow. Yog li nws hloov tawm tias thaum ntxuav cov zawv plaub hau nrog dej, tag nrho cov impurities kuj raug tshem tawm.

Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm pab pawg no sawv tawm sai, zoo thiab ua tiav tshem tawm cov av ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov khoom siv ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov molecules muaj peev xwm ua npuas dej, muaj cov kab mob bactericidal thiab bacteriostatic.

Amphoteric thiab non-ionic pawg

Txhua tus neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo uas muaj anionic surfactants nkag siab tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom lawv cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lipids mantle kom ntau li ntau tau, tab sis tib lub sij hawm tsis txhob txo lawv cov nyhuv cleansing. Nws yog los daws qhov teeb meem no uas siv amphoteric surfactants. Qee tus kuj xa mus rau pawg nonionic thiab amphoteric li cosurfactants.

Pab pawg ntawm tensides no yog tsim los rau neutralize cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid ntawm anions. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj ua rau kom tawg sai ntawm cov tshuaj no, nrog rau kev cog lus thiab txo cov airiness, uas yog, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov npuas npuas.

Nws tsim nyog hais tias hom amphoteric surfactants yog cov neeg sawv cev kim tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam khoom. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom no, nws yog qhov tsim nyognqa tawm cov txheej txheem ntawm squeezing, extraction, infusion, rectification thiab oxidation ntawm tej yam ntuj tso tshuaj. Ob qho tib si cog thiab tsiaj raw cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim nyog rau tau txais cov khoom. Muaj qee cov khoom lag luam nto moo tshaj plaws thiab siv tau los rho tawm cov tshuaj ntxiv. Amphoteric surfactants yog tau los ntawm soapwort, algae, kua pulp, paus zaub, xibtes roj thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj.

Txoj cai ntawm kev ua ntawm pawg amphoteric

Txhawm rau nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxiv amphoteric surfactants, koj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg kev nkag siab me ntsis ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias oppositely nqi tshuaj yuav attracted rau ib leeg nyob rau hauv khub, vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov kev sib raug zoo yuav txo, thiab lawv lawv tus kheej yuav los nag. Tag nrho cov no yuav ua rau lub fact tias cov nyhuv cleansing yuav poob dramatically. Nws tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev qhia txog amphoteric surfactants.

Lawv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog raws li qhov tseeb tias lawv muaj peev xwm muab tau yooj yim los yog txuas ib qho hluav taws xob ntawm ib puag ncig uas lawv nyob. Hauv lwm lo lus, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic, lawv muaj peev xwm hloov lawv cov khoom. Yog tias koj muab lawv tso rau hauv ib qho chaw alkaline, lawv yuav ua raws li cov anions, thiab nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic lawv yuav ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cations.

Khoom muaj teeb meem

Hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce, amphoteric surfactants yog xav tau los tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau los ntawm dryness thiab irritation. Tsis tas li ntawd, tensides ntawm pab pawg no muaj peev xwm los kho cov stratum corneum ntawm lub epidermis, plaub hau keratin, soften, thiab kuj nce. Cov ntaub so ntswg elasticity.

Nonionic Compounds

Raws li tau hais ua ntej, tsis muaj ntau tshaj 4 hom ntawm cov surfactants. Noionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants yog ob pawg sib txawv, tab sis amphoteric surfactants kuj yog ionic, uas yog hais txog tib yam. Cov tshuaj ionic yog cov tshuaj, tom qab kev sib cais ntawm cov tib ions nyob hauv. Hauv lwm lo lus, tsis yog-ionic surfactants yog tib pab pawg ntawm lwm tus, tom qab kev sib cais uas tsis muaj ions raug tsim. Fatty alcohol esters xws li polyglycol thiab polyglycol esters poob rau hauv pawg no. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog, piv txwv li, feistenside - cov kua uas muaj dej zoo, uas muaj citric acid thiab fatty alcohols.

Yuav kom tau txais cov tshuaj ntxiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem ntawm oxyethylation ntawm cov roj zaub. Cov roj castor, hom qoob mog, flax, noob hnav, calendula, parsley tau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov pab pawg tsis-ionic. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm pab pawg no yog tias lawv tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv cov kua lossis muab tshuaj txhuam. Ntawd yog, cov tshuaj ntxuav tes (xws li, hmoov) tsis tuaj yeem muaj cov khoom zoo li no.

Raws li kev siv cov pab pawg no ntawm surfactants, esters yog ib yam khoom xws li cov tshuaj dispersion micellar. Feem ntau nws tseem hu ua "smart soap". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe tau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj ntxuav tes muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov av thiab roj tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis plaub hau yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.daim tawv nqaij.

Yog tias peb tham txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tsis yog-ionic ntawm cov khoom, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab softness ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lub biodegradability ntawm pawg tensides no yog 100%. Muaj peev xwm qhib cov tshuaj ntxiv uas muaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav plaub hau, tuaj yeem kho cov txheej txheem puas ntawm cov epidermis, muaj cov nyhuv bradykinase thiab polishing.

Puas yog amphoteric additives tsim teeb meem?

Lawm, ntau tus xav paub txog dab tsi ua mob amphoteric surfactants ua rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij thiab kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau. Ntawm no nws yog tam sim no tsim nyog hais tias yog tias koj saib qhov rov qab sab ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm tag nrho cov surfactants, ces pawg amphoteric yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv.

Kev piav qhia ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm pawg amphoteric rau tib neeg

Pib nrog, lub lather uas tsim los ntawm cov surfactants tshwj xeeb yog qhov nruab nrab, thiab nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov plaub hau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, amphoteric additives lawv tus kheej ua rau me ntsis khaus ntawm tawv taub hau, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov khaus los ntawm lwm yam tshuaj, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav dua. Yog tias koj muab cov amphoteric tensides thiab anionic tensides, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov foaming zoo dua, nrog rau txo qhov mob rau daim ntawv qhia rau daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias koj muab cov pab pawg no nrog cations, ces koj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom ua kom txias, uas yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau.

Yog tias peb tham txog cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, ces lawv muaj cov khoom lag luam amphoterickuj pom ntau zaus, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntxiv ntawm betaine. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom zoo li no rau cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, koj yuav tsum siv cov roj fatty acids ntawm txiv maj phaub, soy, sunflower roj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswv yim hais tias amphoteric surfactants yuav ua mob rau tib neeg tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev ntxiv rau cov menyuam yaus zawv plaub hau. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj no tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab yog tias nws nkag mus rau ntawm lub qhov muag, nws tsis ua rau khaus.

Hmoob lwm pab pawg

Qee tus ntseeg tias pawg anionic yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau tib neeg. Thiab tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv qhov lawv tau ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg rau, uas yog, lawv tshem tawm cov rog dhau heev lawm, thaum degreasing ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hydrolipidic, kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij lipids thiab nkag mus ntawm surfactants mus rau hauv cov txheej txheej tob. Qhov sib npaug ntawm microflora tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev rog tsim kuj tuaj yeem ua tau. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias daim tawv nqaij qhuav ntau dhau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm anions, uas yog vim li cas nws muaj hnub nyoog sai dua.

Nws tseem tau sau tseg tias cov pab pawg ntawm cov surfactants tuaj yeem sib sau hauv lub plawv, hlwb, daim siab, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub cev rog. Nkag mus rau hauv cov chaw no, anionic surfactants txuas ntxiv rhuav tshem lub cev los ntawm sab hauv, thiab cov txheej txheem no siv sijhawm ntev heev. Nws tseem muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm metabolic ntawm lub cev.

Txhua yam no ua rau muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim. Nws yog rau qhov no uas cov amphoteric pab pawg neeg ntawm surfactants yog abundantly siv, txawm lub fact tias lawv.kim tshaj.

Results

Summing tag nrho cov saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem kos ib qho lus xaus. Cov peev txheej ntuj yog siv los tsim cov surfactant. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev sib xyaw lossis sib xws, lossis tsis ntxiv, piv txwv li, amphoteric surfactants, ces detergents tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem.