Ua haujlwm ua tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus: xav tau kev kawm, kev nkag mus kawm, lub luag haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Tus txiv neej tau npaj kom nws xav tau zaub mov txhua hnub. Yog hais tias ua ntej ua noj ua haus tsuas yog ua rau nws tus kheej noj, tam sim no nws yog ib qho kev lag luam loj, tawm tsam ntawm qhov loj me. Muaj ntau lub tsev lag luam. Lawv tau sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam catering, los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tsim cov khoom lag luam ib nrab mus rau cov tsev noj mov cov neeg tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau thiab kev thov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau tshaj plaws thiab cov neeg nyiam. Tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, tawm tsam qhov kev xav tau ntau ntxiv, cov kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus muaj cov haujlwm, nrog rau cov haujlwm sib xws. Hauv xyoo dhau los, cov kws tshaj lij no tau siv cov khoom noj uas npaj txhij, tab sis tam sim no txhua txoj kev tau qhib rau kev sim.

Kev sib tw

Yog tias ua haujlwm dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus tau nrov thiab xav tau, tam sim no muaj kev poob qis hauv kev ua lag luam. Lub niche no tau dhau los nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog.

Nrog txo cov paj laum los ntawm cov tswv ntiav, qhov no ua rau muaj kev sib tw tsis zoo.

Yog vim li cas ua ntej xaiv txoj haujlwm, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog seb koj puas xav tau kev cia siab dab tsi uas yuav tau txais txoj haujlwm ua tus kws tsim khoom noj khoom haus yav tom ntej. Muaj ntau lwm txoj haujlwm uas tso cai rau koj los qhia koj cov txuj ci ua noj. Tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem cob qhia ua noj.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev ua tiav

Ntau yam khoom muaj nyob hauv khw muag khoom thiab ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm ntau lub tsev noj mov tau txhais tau tias cov khoom noj khoom haus tuaj yeem ua tau tshwj xeeb.

Piv txwv li, qhov chaw seem ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis uas ua nws txoj haujlwm hauv kev lag luam mis nyuj yog khaws cia sib nrug. Nws tswj kev tsim cov khoom lag luam. Ntawm lawv:

• ib txwm mis nyuj,
• ntau hom cheeses,
• Yyogurts,
• lwm yam khoom siv mis nyuj.

Txoj kev qhia ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov neeg siv kawg tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tiag tiagkhoom noj siv mis.

Rau tus kws tsim khoom tsim khoom noj khoom haus no kuaj:

• zoo ntawm cov khoom qub;
• kev mob thiab, raws li, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov cuab yeej;
• ua raws li cov cai rau kev npaj cov khoom noj siv mis;
• ntim, lossis nws ua raws li cov qauv.

Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij yog kev txhim kho ntawm daim ntawv qhia tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los nce qhov kev thov rau cov khoom ntawm cov pej xeem. Nrog rau qhov kev sim ua tiav, tus nqi tsis yog cov neeg ua haujlwm nkaus xwb, tab sis tag nrho cov lag luam uas tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus nce ntxiv.

Txoj Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm

Txhua tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum paub meej txog cov haujlwm uas nws muaj lub luag haujlwm. Qhov no tso cai rau nws ua nws lub luag haujlwm kom raug, tsis tas yuav ua yam tsis tsim nyog thiab tsom mus rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

Qhov tseeb, lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus yog tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, los ntawm kev tau txais cov khoom siv raw, tom qab ua tiav thiab xaus nrog ntim ntawm cov khoom kawg.

Muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb thaum nws los txog rau kev lag luam khoom noj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau txhua tus kws tshaj lij yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum cai. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev.

Tom qab tag nrho, nrog me ntsis tsis ua raws li daim ntawv qhia lossis kev ua txhaum me me ntawm cov thev naus laus zis, qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua tau. Piv txwv li, tag nrho cov batch yuav muaj teeb meem. Raws li qhov no, qhov no yuav coj qee qhov kev poob rau lub lag luam, nrog rau tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus siabkev rau txim rau tus kws kho mob nws tus kheej, vim hais tias cov kev tswj yuav liam nws ntawm unprofessionalism. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los tswj txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom noj. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom cov khoom zoo kawg nkaus.

Piv txwv li, yog tias tus kws tshaj lij tswj hwm cov khoom noj nqaij zoo thiab hauv cov txheej txheem nws hloov tawm tias tus neeg muag khoom tau coj cov khoom tsis raug uas xav tau, tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tau teb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nws txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov laj thawj thiab xyuas kom cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij muaj xws li yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov khw koom nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv mis thiab cawv.

Yog tus kws tshaj lij ua txhua yam, qhov tshwm sim tsim nyog. Nws yog rau lub hom phiaj no uas cov hauj lwm piav qhia ntawm tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus tau tsim, uas piav qhia txog txhua yam ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm no. Yog tias tus neeg ua haujlwm ua tib zoo nyeem nws, nws paub nws lub luag haujlwm.

Yuav tsum muaj kev kawm

Khoom noj zoo ib txwm yog thiab tseem ceeb rau tib neeg. Tias yog vim li cas txoj haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus hauv Moscow tseem nyob hauv kev thov. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias qhov kev thov rau qee zaum poob qis, qhov tshwj xeeb no tsis raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Tom qab tag nrho, nws qhov tsim nyog rau tib neeg yog ntau tshaj qhov pom tseeb. Khoom noj khoom haus yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xav tau uas yuav tsum tau ua txhua hnub. Thiab txawm ntau zaus.

Ua ntej xaiv cov tsev kawm ntawv, koj yuav tsum paub meej txog cov kev taw qhia. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam zaub movuniversal. Txhua tus yuav tsum muaj lawv lub luag haujlwm.

• Cov khoom qab zib, nrog rau cov nplej zom thiab qhob cij.
• khoom noj kaus poom.
• Cawv.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav txim siab nrawm hauv kev xaiv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Ib tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov tshwj xeeb yav tom ntej. Qhov no yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm cob qhia. Qee lub sij hawm nws zoo dua los muab sijhawm rau koj tus kheej los xav kom koj tsis txhob yuam kev.

tsev kawm ntawv

Rau cov kws tshaj lij khoom noj khoom haus yav tom ntej, cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj ob lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb.

• First - food specialization universities. Piv txwv li, confectionery technology thiab lwm yam.
• Second - chemical engineering universities. Muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb - biotechnology.

Yog tias vim li cas tus neeg thov kev pab tsis xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab, koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov tsev kawm qib siab. Cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo li no qhia cov kws tshaj lij uas tom qab ntawd muaj sijhawm los thov rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.

Nkag mus kawm

Muaj qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov kws tshaj lij yav tom ntej ntawm theem kev xam phaj. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj uas yuav tsum muaj peev xwm siv ob qho tib si theoretical thiab kev txawj ntse hauv kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub.

Nws tseem ceeb heev kom ua tau zoo thiab raug, kom paub thiab ua raws li cov cai. Nws yog los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tau txais cov kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis.

Kev paub txog kev paub tsis yog xwbkhoom noj khoom haus technology, tab sis kuj lwm yam kev kawm. Piv txwv li, biology thiab chemistry.

Muaj qee qhov contraindications uas tsis tso cai rau koj los tuav txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij zaub mov. Piv txwv li, muaj cov kab mob sib kis, nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov neeg sib tw uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ua xua rau zaub mov kuj yuav tsum tau tso tseg txoj haujlwm. Tom qab tag nrho, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm koj yuav tsum tau nrog ntau yam ntawm Cheebtsam.

txiaj ntsig

• Kev xav tau. Muaj ntau lub lag luam hauv kev lag luam zaub mov. Raws li qhov no, qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis kom tau txais txoj haujlwm tsis txaus.
• Kev ruaj ntseg. Tib neeg ib txwm muaj kev xav tau zaub mov. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai tsam muaj txoj haujlwm.
• them nyiaj siab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom no siv rau cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm nrog cov tswv lag luam loj thiab siab dav.

Flaws

• Yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev pabcuam cuam tshuam.
• Tension. Tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tswj hwm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov khoom. Raws li qhov no, nws yuam kom koj tau txais kev ceeb toom tas li.
• Overtime. Lub rooj cob qhia tsis tas yuav muaj sijhawm los tsim cov khoom ntim khoom raws sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, tus kws tshaj lij khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum nyob hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
• sijhawm ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tau. Tsis yog txhua tus nyiam cov xwm txheej no. Piv txwv li, rau cov kws tshaj lij nrog cov menyuam yaus, lub sijhawm zoo li no tsis xav tau.

Muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm

Ua tau, los ntawm kev sau ntawv rov qabkhoom noj khoom haus technologist, koj tuaj yeem xa mus rau ntau lub tuam txhab sib txawv. Nws tseem ua tau los teb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau tshaj tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb.

Cov tswv lag luam muaj peev xwm:

• bakery;
• khoom noj khoom haus;
• canners, pasta factories, thiab lwm yam.

Koj tuaj yeem sau lawv tau ntev, vim qhov tseeb, cov kws tshaj lij xav tau hauv txhua qhov khoom tsim khoom noj thiab ntau yam dej qab zib.

Puas them pes tsawg?

Ua haujlwm ua tus kws tshaj lij kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus yam tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, raws li koj xav tau, yuav tsis coj nyiaj ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev txhawb siab thiab tib lub sijhawm cov kws tshaj lij kev xav, muaj ib txwm xaiv rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab, raws li, nce nyiaj them poob haujlwm.

Qhov ntau ntawm cov nyiaj hli muaj peev xwm rau cov kws tshaj lij yog qhov dav heev. Kev sib kis yog los ntawm 30 mus rau 120 txhiab rubles ntawm cov nyiaj hli txhua hli. Hauv Moscow, tus nqi yog me ntsis siab dua. Kev pib them nyiaj rau cov peev txheej thev naus laus zis yog kwv yees li 45 txhiab rubles.

Tus kheej zoo

• Kev nyuaj siab. Kev ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim khoom thiab nrog tib neeg muaj kev sib zog ntxiv. Yog vim li ntawd tus kws tshaj lij yuav xav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua siab ntev txhawm rau kom tsis txhob coj qee qhov xwm txheej tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej kev noj qab haus huv.
• Kev ceev faj. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom noj yuav tsum tau ceev faj tswj ntawm txhua theem. Tias yog vim li cas tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Thaum nruab hnub, nws yuav tsum tsom ntsoov rau nws txoj haujlwm xwb.
• Lub luag haujlwm. Ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Piv txwv li, tam sim ntawd cov khoom tawg lossis teeb meem nrog cov neeg muag khoom uas, rau qee yam tsis paub, xa cov khoom tsis zoo. Txhua yam tsis tuaj yeem suav ua ntej. Tab sis tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm thiab nco ntsoov tias nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo. Qee zaum koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab sai thiab tseem tshuav. Tau kawg, tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm no.

Prospects

Ib tug novice technologist tom qab kawm tiav tuaj yeem thov rau txoj haujlwm junior. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, muaj kev cia siab rau kev tshaj lij kev tshaj lij rau cov laus lossis tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis, thiab txawm tias mus rau lub taub hau uas tswj hwm txhua qhov kev tsim khoom.

Feem ntau cov poj niam xaiv txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Raws li kev txheeb cais, qhov no yog yuav luag 70 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov kws tshaj lij. Tsuas yog peb caug leej yog txiv neej xwb. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias muaj ntau tus tub ntxhais hluas cov tub txawg hauv daim teb no. Thiab qhov chaw seem yog feem ntau xav tau hauv cov nroog loj, qhov twg ntau cov khoom noj khoom haus yog concentrated. Yog vim li cas cov neeg sib tw los ntawm cov zej zog me yuav tsum xav txog kev hloov chaw rau txoj haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev tsim khoom noj.