Rails R 65: lub hom phiaj, piav qhia, qhov ntev

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

R 65 rails yog lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias teb sab railway network - linear qauv ntawm ib tug I-beam cross-section, uas pab nqus loads los ntawm dov Tshuag, lawv elastic "ua" thiab tom qab hloov mus rau ib tug txhawb nqa - pw tsaug zog.. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov "steel beams" yog tswj los ntawm GOST R 8161-75. Nws tsim cov qauv tsim thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov tawv tawv thiab tsis tawv tawv thiab cov hlua tsheb ciav hlau ntawm hom P65.

Rails R 65

Txhua txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tau tsim los daws ntau yam teeb meem. Ua ntej, lawv pom thiab xa cov tsheb ciav hlau thauj khoom. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tuav lub durability ntawm ob lub subgrade thiab lub log. Qhov thib ob, lawv teeb tsa cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav ntawm cov khoom dov. Thiab thaum kawg, lawv tsim lub platform nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tiv thaiv rau lub log kom yob. Kev sib cuag ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm yog ob peb centimeters (3-5 nyob ntawm cov chav kawm khiav).

Cov peev txheej ntawm cov qauv nthuav tawm yog qhov dav heev. Yog li, R 65 rails, nrog rau R50, R75, yog siv rau kev sib txuas thiab kev sib koom ua ke tsis muaj qhov dav dav. Lawv kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim ntawm turnouts. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, cov khoom linear nrog hloov kho profile (PK65) yog siv.

Rail elements

P65 rails, zoo li lwm yam, tsis tuaj yeem hu ua I-beam zoo tib yam.

Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau qhov xwm txheej hauv nws tus qauv:

1. Lub taub hau - nws cov duab ua kom ntseeg tau ruaj khov ntawm lub log ntawm cov khoom dov nrog cov tsheb ciav hlau nws tus kheej.
2. Caj dab - tiv thaiv kev khoov loads thiab tseem hloov mus rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev taug qab.
3. Sole - ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tag nrho cov qauv linear, faib kev ntxhov siab rau tag nrho saum npoo ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog. Nws muaj tus cwj mem sab xis thiab tus cwj mem laug.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qhov chaw sib txawv hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, nyob ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub caj dab thiab tuav qhov chaw ntawm sab ntug ntawm lub taub hau mus rau nruab nrab ntawm ib leeg. Cov no yog cov thiaj li hu ua sab laug thiab txoj cai sinuses. Lawv muaj cov npoo zoo li cov ntaub qhwv uas txuas R 65 rails ua ke hauv qee ntu ntawm txoj kev taug.

P65 rail dimensions

Ib tug neeg xav tsis thoob vim li cas lub R 65 rail muaj qhov zoo li no. Lub caij no, txhua lub vojvoog curvature, thaj chaw tiaj tus thiab qhov chaw siab tshaj tau xaiv tshwj xeeb empirically lossis los ntawm kev suav txhawm rau txhawm rau tsim cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom dov.

Peb feem coob paub tias R rail muaj dab tsi65 qhov hnyav sib npaug li 65 kg, uas yog qhov tsis raug. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib lub meter khiav yog 64.72 kg. Lwm yam tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

• lub taub hau vojvoog (R500) muab qhov chaw nruab nrab, uas yog, nws yuam cov axis longitudinal ntawm lub log kom coincide nrog lub axis ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau;
• R80 tsim kev hloov pauv mus rau R15 uas tsim kev sib cuag nruj nrog lub log flange;
• Lub taub hau suab 1:20 sib haum rau lub log flange txoj kab nqes, uas yog tsim nyog rau kev sib tw nrog lub log flange;
• nrog lub vojvoog R3 tawm ntawm ntug ntse ntawm lub taub hau, uas yog ua kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab;
• kev hloov pauv radii R15 thiab R370 tau qhia txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom lub taub hau du nrog lub caj dab thiab tshem tawm thaj chaw uas muaj kev ntxhov siab txaus ntshai;
• lub vojvoog hloov pauv R400 ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub caj dab yog tsim nyog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom thauj mus rau ib leeg;
• qhov nqes hav ntawm ntug sab saud ntawm ib sab thiab sab hauv ntawm lub taub hau yog tib yam (1: 4), uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev teeb tsa cov npoo-puab overlays, uas ib txhij ua lub spacer.

R 65 kev tsheb ciav hlau tau raug thauj khoom hnyav txhua hnub, nws qhov hnyav hauv Lavxias tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees. Tab sis yog tias tsis yog rau qhov tsim tshwj xeeb, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog nws txoj haujlwm, nws yuav sai sai deform thiab yuav tsum tau hloov.

Rail steel

Txhua txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau (P 65, PK65, P75, P50) yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau rail. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev khoov siab zog, hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, uas yog ua tiav los ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon siab (0.82%) thiab ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv ntawm alloying -Manganese, vanadium, zirconium, silicon, titanium.

M76VT yog qib hlau tseem ceeb siv hauv kev tsim cov lashes. Nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom, nws tuaj yeem yog thawj (smelted tshwj xeeb hauv qhov qhib-hearth furnaces) lossis pab pawg thib ob. Cam khwb cia lossis dov "dawb" mus los ntawm kev kho cua sov ntau theem. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam, qhov no yog vim li cas tus nqi ntawm R 65 rail yog nyob rau theem siab - los ntawm 50 txhiab rubles ib tuj.