Ferrous sulfate: lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, kev tsim khoom, kev siv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 13:55

Ferrous sulfate yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj ntau yam hauv cov xwm txheej thiab siv dav hauv ntau yam haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam. Muaj qhov sib txawv thiab trivalent hloov kho ntawm cov khoom no. Thawj ntau yam, tseem hu ua ferrous sulfate, yog ib qho inorganic binary non-volatile compound uas muaj cov mis FeSO₄. Outwardly, cov tshuaj lom neeg no yog pob tshab crystalline hydrate ntawm lub teeb ntsuab-xiav xim, muaj qib siab ntawm hygroscopicity thiab solubility hauv nruab nrab aqueous. Hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, FeSO_{4 decomposes nrog siab siv, ua tiav decomposition tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub ntawm li 700 ° C.}

Ferrous sulfate yog cov khoom siv dav siv, crystallizing ntawm chav tsev kub los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem hauv daim ntawv FeSO ₄ 4_{∙7H 2O heptahydrate, uas yog cov tshuaj xiav daj ntseg. Thaum khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws erodes, tig mus rau hauv cov hmoov dawb,thiab nyob rau hauv cov huab cua qhib maj mam tig daj vim oxidative txheej txheem. Cov huab cua ntawm ferrous sulfate tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias hauv nws cov qauv muaj ib qho molecule ntawm cov dej sab nraud, uas yooj yim tawm ntawm cov iav lattice.}

Trivalent anhydrous hlau sulfate yog lub teeb daj, paramagnetic, tsis tshua muaj hygroscopic monoclinic crystal tshuaj. Muaj peev xwm tsim orthorhombic thiab hexagonal kev hloov kho. Trivalent hlau sulfate crystallizes zoo los ntawm ntau yam kev daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau yam hydrated compounds uas muaj txog li kaum dej molecules. Thaum maj mam rhuab, nws hloov mus rau hauv ib qho anhydrous ntsev, uas decomposes zoo rau hauv hematite thiab sulfuric anhydrite ntawm qhov kub ntawm txog 650 ° C. Zoo li ntau lwm cov ntsev ntawm triply charged cations, ferrous sulfate ua alums uas crystallize nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daj ntseg liab octahedrons. Cov tshuaj no yog ib qho zoo txo tus neeg sawv cev rau Ag + ion, uas muaj zog oxidizing zog. Ferric sulfate, hydrolyzed los ntawm boiling cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv uas nws muaj, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xwm feem ntau nyob rau hauv jarosite (mineral).

Hauv kev lag luam, cov tshuaj no tau txais los ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam hlau los ntawm ntau yam kev daws teeb meem siv los tshem tawm cov nplai ntawm cov khoom hlau. Tsis tas li, cov khoom no tuaj yeem raug cais tawm los ntawm calcining pyrites lossis marcasite nrog NaCl hauv huab cua. Lwm txoj hauv kev los ua ke nwsyog cua sov ntawm hlau oxide nyob rau hauv ntsev ntawm sulfuric acid. Hauv kev xyaum ua haujlwm, qhov sib xyaw no cais tawm ntawm Fe(OH)_2.

Nws yog qhov xav paub ntau ntxiv uas cov hlau sulfate tau pom nyob rau Mars hauv xyoo 2009 los ntawm tus Ntsuj Plig spacecraft, los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau xaus lus tias muaj cov txheej txheem oxidative muaj zog tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Vim tias qhov ceev tau tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj no, tus rover yog li bogged hauv nws cov nyiaj uas nws txawm kov cov av martian nrog ib feem ntawm lub hull.

Nyob hauv ntiaj teb, hlau sulfate, vim nws muaj peev xwm hydrolyze, yog siv nrog txhuas alum raws li ib tug flocculant nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm haus dej purification. Tsim cov hydroxide flakes, cov tshuaj lom neeg no adsorbs ntau yam tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no tau pom ntau daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj, qhov twg nws yog siv los ua cov tshuaj kho mob thiab prophylactic tus neeg sawv cev rau cov hlau tsis muaj peev xwm anemia.

Hauv kev lag luam ua liaj ua teb, hlau sulfate yog siv rau tshuaj lom neeg cov av reclamation, tshuaj tua kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag cultivated, kev puas tsuaj ntawm mosses, lichens, nroj tsuag thiab spores ntawm parasitic fungi. Nyob rau hauv horticulture, ferrous sulfate yog siv los pub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo raws li ib tug catalyst rau tsim chlorophyll. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj no yog txiv apples, txiv duaj, plum thiab txiv duaj.

Industrial Ferrous sulfate yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam textile, qhov uas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv inks thiab ntau yam ntxhia dyes. Kujcov khoom no yog ib tug zoo ntoo preservative. Qee qhov kev daws teeb meem pov tseg ntawm cov hlau sulfate tau ua tiav rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv insulating xws li ferron thiab ferrigypsum, uas yog cov sib xyaw ntawm cov dej ntawm cov tshuaj no nrog ntau cov khoom ntim.