Yuav ua li cas ua ib lub substrate rau oyster nceb nrog koj tus kheej tes hauv tsev

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Loj hlob nceb hauv tsev tso cai rau koj khaws lawv txhua xyoo puag ncig thiab khwv tau nyiaj ntxiv. Koj tuaj yeem cog cov nroj tsuag no hauv txhua chav uas koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov pom kev zoo microclimate. Yuav kom tau txais cov qoob loo zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj cov mycelium thiab substrate rau oyster nceb thiab lwm hom nceb.

Kev cog qoob loo ntawm oyster nceb

Rau qhov kev pom zoo ntawm mycelium, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim qee yam mob. Oyster nceb yuav tsum muaj chav sov ntawm 24 degrees, av noo - txog 85%. Hauv qab daus, tsis txhob qhib lub teeb thiab qhov cua, vim qhov no ua rau qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm mycelium.

Yog tias txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub substrate rau oyster nceb, kev loj hlob tau ua tiav, mycelium loj hlob hauv peb lub lis piam. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj mycelial crusts nyob rau saum npoo. Nws germinates yog hais tias muaj ntau fungal spores nyob rau hauv cov av thiab qhov kub thiab txias heev.

Hauv kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nceb, lub substrate ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsumua kom sib npaug, tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hom nceb xaiv.

Tunnel substrate

Npaj ib lub substrate rau oyster nceb thaum loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tunnel yuav siv cov av uas muaj cellulose, lignin, nrog rau cov rog thiab proteins. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog cereal straw. Nws yog sau nyob rau hauv huab cua ntshiab nyob rau hauv ecologically huv cheeb tsam. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev npaj cov substrate rau cov nceb nceb tau sau ib xyoos ua ntej, tab sis cov kws paub txog cov nceb tau pom zoo kom khaws cov straw rau ob xyoos ua ntej. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov nitrogen hauv nws nce, hygroscopicity nce.

Qhov thib ob tivthaiv yog paj noob hlis husks, uas yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 15% noo noo thiab tsawg kawg yog 3% rog. Cov khoom nyoos zoo tshaj plaws tau sau thaum pib lub caij sau qoob loo.

Kuj, sawdust yam tsis muaj hom coniferous yog nkag rau hauv av.

Cov khoom siv ntxhia thiab khoom noj khoom haus yog siv los ua cov khoom ntxiv ntawm cov substrate rau oyster nceb. Lawv pab txhim kho cov ntsiab lus nitrogen ntawm cov khoom siv tiav. Feem ntau, qhov loj ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab tsis pub tshaj 10% ntawm tag nrho cov av.

txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw thiab tswj cov acidity ntawm txoj cai, cov khoom siv ntxhia yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm alabaster, slaked txiv qaub, soda tshauv.

Soil npaj

Lub substrate rau loj hlob oyster nceb nyob rau hauv qhov tunnels qhia nwsKev npaj ua ntej, uas suav nrog kev ua haujlwm xws li:

1. Txhob Cia Siab. Qhov me me ntawm cov substrate, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau mycelium kom loj hlob. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb yog siv cov quav nyab tshiab - nws yuav tsum tau txiav.
2. Kev Sib Tw. Yog tias cov nceb tau npaj los cog rau ntawm cov nplooj lwg, uas muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus, ces nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sib tov tag nrho cov khoom kom txog rau thaum ib homogeneous loj.
3. Moisture. Mushrooms loj hlob ntawm ib tug substrate nrog ib tug txaus high humidity - cov tawm los nyob ntawm nws. Cov compost npaj tau tsau rau hauv dej kom txog thaum nws nqus cov dej noo uas xav tau rau kev loj hlob tag nrho ntawm nceb.

Ua ntej siv cov substrate, cov dej ntau dhau yog nyem tawm ntawm nws, ua tiav cov av noo ntawm 70-80%. Nrog rau qhov ntsuas no, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws.

Hydrothermal technique

Txhawm rau npaj cov substrate rau oyster nceb hauv tsev, hydrothermal processing technology yog siv. Qhov no yog ib theem tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm spores ntawm parasitic fungi raug tshem tawm. Rau qhov no, qhov kub thiab txias, microwave hluav taws xob, tshuaj siv tshuaj - tom kawg yog siv rau hauv cov lag luam loj: hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite.

Nyob hauv tsev, nrog rau thaj chaw me me, cov av tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv microwave lossis tsuas yog ncuav dej npau npau hla lub substrate, cia nws txias. Tom qab ntawd, cov kua ntau dhau yog drained thiab cov mycelium hloov mus.

Substrate in the tunnel

ua noj ua haus technologysubstrate rau oyster nceb nyob rau hauv tsev nyob rau hauv lub qhov tso cai rau koj kom tau txais ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg raw cov ntaub ntawv, kiag li tsis muaj kab tsuag, txawv teb chaws microorganisms. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug sib tov ntawm straw thiab manure yog siv los tsim cov compost (10 kg ntawm manure ib tuj ntawm straw).

Txoj cai ua noj

Npaj lub substrate raws li cov cai hauv qab no:

1. Straw yog crushed kom nws cov khoom tsis loj dua 8 cm.
2. Cov quav cab npaj tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus, qhov chaw moistening yuav ua rau ob peb hnub, mus rau qhov av noo ntawm 70-80%.
3. Tam sim ntawd cov quav cab muab tso rau hauv qhov av kom nws ua ib qho chaw tiaj tus.
4. Lub qhov tau kaw, qhov cua tau qhib. Maj mam ntxiv cov cua tshiab los txhawb cov kev ua haujlwm microbial hauv kev sib tov.

Thaum qhov kub ntawm lub substrate nce mus txog 60-65 degrees, pasteurization pib. Kev kho kub kub yuav siv li 12-24 teev.

Steam av kho

Thiab yuav ua li cas npaj lub substrate rau oyster nceb, dab tsi lwm yam yees siv? Cov av tuaj yeem kho nrog chav. Ntxiv mus, cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj menyuam thiab tsis muaj menyuam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, lub substrate raug kub siab - mus txog 130 degrees - vim hais tias ntawm tag nrho cov microflora tuag nyob rau hauv cov av. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no kim heev thiab yuav luag tsis tau siv.

Kev kho tsis yog ua kom tsis muaj menyuam yog ua tsis tau tsuas yog hauv cov liaj teb loj, tab sis kuj nyob hauv tsev. Lub substrate yog pouredboiling dej thiab cia txias rau 3-4 teev. Tom qab ntawd briquettes yog tsim rau cog mycelium.

YGrowing Technology

Txhua txoj kev cog qoob loo tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub theem. Nyob rau thawj theem, lub substrate yog npaj thiab ua tiav. Nyob hauv tsev, kev tua kab mob hauv av yog nqa tawm nrog dej kub. Qee cov neeg cog qoob loo pom zoo kom boil lub substrate rau ob teev.

Koj tuaj yeem ua cov txheej txheem hauv qab no hauv cov hnab yas, yav tas los ua qhov hauv lawv kom muaj dej dawb. Tom qab cov dej ntws tawm, cov av tau tso tseg kom ntws mus ib hnub kom tag nrho cov dej noo ntau dhau mus. Yog tias kev tua kab mob tau ua tiav hauv briquettes, tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov kua ntau dhau los ntawm kev tso cov av hauv qab xovxwm.

Lub mycelium tau cog rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis muaj menyuam. Lub substrate yog nteg tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug txawm txheej ntawm lub rooj thiab tov nrog nceb mycelium (2% mycelium ib 10 kg ntawm av). Tom qab ntawd cov sib tov yog nteg tawm nyob rau hauv lub hnab, nruj nreem ntim. Ntawm ib sab, kev txiav yog ua rau ntawm lub hnab ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45 degrees thiab txog 5 cm ntev.

Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 25 degrees, nceb germinate. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub tsis nce siab tshaj 30, txwv tsis pub cov nceb nceb yuav ua rau muaj cua sov thiab cov fungus yuav tuag.

Kev sau qoob loo tshwm sim hauv 1, 5-2 lub hlis. Tom qab thawj zaug sau, qhov thib ob yuav tshwm sim hauv ob lub lis piam. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem no, ob txhais ceg raug txiav tawm tag nrho, thiab cov txheej txheem tau txheeb xyuas.