Cov khoom sib txhuam: xaiv, yuav tsum tau ua

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Cov cuab yeej tsim khoom niaj hnub muaj kev tsim qauv yooj yim. Kev sib txhuam mechanisms xa cov lus tsa suab nrog kev pab ntawm kev sib txhuam quab yuam. Cov no tuaj yeem yog clutches, clamps, spreaders thiab brakes.

Yuav kom cov cuab yeej siv tau ruaj khov, ua haujlwm tsis muaj sijhawm poob, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej rau nws cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv pheej loj tuaj. Tom qab tag nrho, thev naus laus zis thiab khoom siv tau raug txhim kho tas li. Lawv lub peev xwm, kev khiav hauj lwm ceev, nrog rau cov loads yog nce. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm, ntau yam kev sib txhuam cov ntaub ntawv yog siv. Kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev ntawm cov cuab yeej yog nyob ntawm lawv qhov zoo. Qee zaum, kev nyab xeeb thiab lub neej ntawm tib neeg nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev.

yam ntxwv dav dav

Cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib dhos thiab cov txheej txheem uas muaj peev xwm nqus tau txhua yam zog thiab dissipate rau hauv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tag nrho cov qauv tsim yuav tsum tsis txhob hnav sai sai. Ua li no, cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm muaj qee yam khoom.

Coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov khoom sib txhuamyuav tsum ruaj khov thiab siab. Lub hnav tsis kam Performance index yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no muaj qhov ua kom sov zoo thiab tsis raug rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab.

Yog li hais tias cov khoom uas ua haujlwm sib txhuam tsis lo rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov nplaum nplaum txaus. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom no ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov tshuab.

Khoom Khoom

Cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam muaj qee yam khoom. Cov tseem ceeb tau teev saum toj no. Cov no yog cov kev pabcuam zoo. Lawv txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txhua yam khoom.

Tab sis txhua yam kev pabcuam raug txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev-tshuab ntsuas thiab ntsuas cua sov. Cov kev txwv no hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Tab sis lawv qhov txwv tus nqi raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom sib txhuam.

Muaj kev faib cov khoom rau hauv qhov ntsuas zoo li qub, dynamic thiab sim ntsuas. Thawj pab pawg tsis muaj xws li kev txwv ntawm compression, lub zog, khoov thiab ncab. Nws kuj suav nrog lub peev xwm kub, thermal conductivity thiab linear expansion ntawm cov khoom.

Cov ntsuas tau txiav txim siab hauv cov xwm txheej muaj xws li thermal stability, kub tsis kam. Cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam, hnav tsis kam thiab ruaj khov yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sim.

Tim cov ntaub ntawv

Cov khoom sib txhuam ntawm lub tshuab nres thiab clutch feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab lossis hlau. Pab pawg thib obCov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm nce load, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog qhuav kev sib txhuam. Cov khoom siv tooj liab yog siv rau cov khoom nruab nrab thiab lub teeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsim nyog rau kev sib txhuam qhuav thiab siv cov kua roj lubricating.

Nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv roj hmab thiab cov khoom siv cob tau dav siv. Ntau cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau thiab cov hlau tsis yog hlau kuj tseem siv tau.

Scope of application

Muaj kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw thov. Thawj pawg loj suav nrog cov khoom siv sib kis. Cov no yog nruab nrab thiab lub teeb loaded mechanisms uas khiav tsis muaj lubrication.

Tom ntej no yog cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam ntawm lub tshuab nres, tsim los rau nruab nrab thiab hnyav-duty mechanisms. Cov units no tsis lubricated.

Pab pawg thib peb suav nrog cov khoom siv hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab thiab cov khoom hnyav. Lawv muaj roj.

Tsis tas li, cov khoom siv nres uas muaj cov kua roj nplua nyeem kuj yog qhov txawv raws li ib pab pawg sib cais. Cov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab xaiv cov khoom sib txhuam.

Nyob rau hauv lub clutch, lub load ua rau lub ntsiab ntawm lub system rau txog 1 s, thiab nyob rau hauv lub nres - mus txog rau 30 s. Qhov ntsuas no txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nodes.

khoom siv hlau

Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov clutch system, nres yog hlau thiabtooj. Hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau yog nrov heev niaj hnub no.

Lawv siv tau rau hauv cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam rau cov khau khau uas muaj cov hlau cam yog feem ntau siv hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau. Nws tsis warp, tab sis sharply poob nws zawv zawg qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 400 ° C.

cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau

Cov ntaub ntawv txhuam rau clutches lossis brakes kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm asbestos hauv paus (resin, roj hmab ua raws li binders).

Cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam tseem siab heev mus txog qhov kub ntawm 220 ° C. Yog hais tias lub binder yog cob, cov khoom yog heev hnav resistant. Tab sis lawv cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam yog me ntsis qis dua piv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws. Cov khoom siv yas nrov ntawm lub hauv paus no yog retinax. Nws muaj phenol-formaldehyde resin, asbestos, barite thiab lwm yam khoom. Cov tshuaj no muaj feem xyuam rau cov chav nyob thiab cov cuab yeej nres nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav. Nws khaws nws cov khoom zoo txawm tias thaum kub txog 1000 ° C. Yog li ntawd, retinax muaj feem xyuam txawm nyob rau hauv aircraft braking systems.

Asbestos cov ntaub ntawv yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub ntawm tib lub npe. Nws yog impregnated nrog asph alt, roj hmab lossis Bakelite thiab nias ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. luv asbestos fibers tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsis-woven. Lawv ntxiv cov hlau me meshavings. Qee lub sij hawm cov hlau tooj dag tau nkag rau hauv lawv kom muaj zog.

Sintered khoom

Muaj ntau yam ntawm cov txheej txheem qhia. Cov no yog sintered kev sib txhuam cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub nres system. Tias qhov no yog ntau yam yuav ua kom pom tseeb ntawm txoj kev uas lawv tau ua. Lawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm steel hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm welding, lwm yam khoom uas ua rau muaj pes tsawg leeg yog sintered nrog nws. Pre-compressed blanks uas muaj cov hmoov sib tov yog raug rau kub kub.

Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom hnyav hnyav thiab lub tshuab nres. Lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yog txiav txim siab los ntawm ob pawg ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Cov ntaub ntawv qub muab cov coefficient zoo ntawm kev sib txhuam thiab hnav tsis kam, thaum tom kawg muab kev ruaj ntseg thiab qib txaus ntawm adhesion.

Cov khoom siv hlau raws li kev sib txhuam qhuav

Kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau ntau lub tshuab yog raws li kev lag luam thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm nws cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Ntau xyoo dhau los, cov khoom siv hlau xws li FMK-8, MKV-50A, thiab SMK tau xav tau. Kev sib txhuam cov ntaub ntawv rau cov pawm nres uas ua haujlwm hauv cov tshuab hnyav hnyav tom qab tau tsim los ntawm FMK-11.

MKV-50A yog qhov tsim tshiab dua. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv rau disc brakes. Nws muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm pawg PMK nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntsuas,hnav tsis kam.

Hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv xws li SMK tau dhau los ua ntau dua. Lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm manganese. Kuj suav nrog boron carbide thiab nitride, molybdenum disulfide thiab silicon carbide.

Bronze raws li cov ntaub ntawv rau kev sib txhuam qhuav

Tin bronze-raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo hauv kev sib kis thiab nres tshuab rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Lawv hnav tsawg dua hlau lossis hlau mating qhov ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam hlau.

Cov khoom siv nthuav tawm tau siv txawm tias nyob hauv kev lag luam aviation. Rau kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, tin tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm cov khoom xws li titanium, silicon, vanadium, arsenic. Qhov no tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm intergranular corrosion.

Cov khoom siv raws li tin bronze yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam tsheb, nrog rau kev tsim cov tshuab ua liaj ua teb. Lawv tiv taus hnyav. Lub 5-10% tin muaj nyob rau hauv cov alloy muab zog ntxiv. Cov hmoov txhuas thiab graphite ua cov roj nplua nyeem, thaum silicon dioxide lossis silicon ua kom cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam.

Kev ua haujlwm hauv cov kua roj lubrication

Cov khoom siv hauv cov tshuab qhuav muaj qhov tsis zoo. Lawv raug hnav sai. Thaum cov roj nkag mus rau lawv los ntawm cov nyob ze, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo txo qis. Yog li ntawd, tsis ntev los no, cov ntaub ntawv tsim los ua haujlwm hauv cov roj ua kua tau dhau los ua ntau dua.

Cov khoom siv zoo li no tig rau ntawm tus kheej, yog tus yam ntxwv siabhnav tsis kam. Nws txias tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim seals.

Hauv kev xyaum txawv teb chaws, kev tsim khoom ntim ntawm cov khoom xws li asbestos-raws li kev sib txhuam cov khoom siv rau cov brakes, clutches thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis ntev los no tau loj hlob. Nws yog impregnated nrog resin. Formulated nrog siab hlau muab tub lim moldings.

Sintered cov ntaub ntawv raws li tooj liab feem ntau yog siv rau nruab nrab lubricating. Cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw kom txhim kho kev sib txhuam.

Txhim kho cov khoom

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, kev txhim kho yuav tsum hnav tsis kam, uas cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam muaj. Kev lag luam thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom uas tau nthuav tawm nyob ntawm qhov no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, technologists tab tom tsim txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm cov cua kub ntau dhau ntawm qhov chaw txhuam. Ua li no, lawv txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib txhuam nws tus kheej, tsim cov cuab yeej, thiab tseem tswj cov kev ua haujlwm.

Thaum cov ntaub ntawv siv rau hauv cov kev sib txhuam qhuav, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau lawv cov cua sov ua haujlwm thiab oxidation tsis kam. Cov khoom zoo li no tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau abrasive hom hnav. Tab sis rau lub tshuab lubricated, cov cua sov tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas ntau dua rau lawv lub zog.

Tsis tas li, thaum txhim kho cov khoom sib txhuam zoo, cov kws tshaj lij tau saib xyuas lawv cov qib ntawm oxidation. Qhov me me yog, qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov tshuab. Lwm qhov kev taw qhia yog txo cov porosity ntawm cov khoom.

Modernntau lawm yuav tsum txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau yam movable, kis tau tus mob li. Qhov no yuav ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom loj zuj zus thiab kev ua tau zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam.