Cov ntawv xa tawm: cov ntawv sau npe, sau nyiaj, qauv, sau cov cai

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Nyob rau hauv txhua qhov ntawm kev lag luam hauv tebchaws, muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas suav nrog ntau txoj haujlwm. Ntawm lawv, kev sau nyiaj rau cov ntawv xa tuaj thiab tawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Tsis muaj ib lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev sib cais los ntawm lwm lub koom haum. Kev sib txuas lus thiab kev koom tes nrog cov neeg siv khoom, cov chaw muag khoom, nyiaj txiag thiab lwm lub koom haum yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj ntawv sau. Leej twg ua haujlwm rau kev sau npe ntawm cov ntawv nkag thiab tawm? Yuav ua li cas kom tau nyiaj zoo rau lawv? Leej twg xav tau nws thiab vim li cas? Peb yuav xav txog cov teeb meem no hauv kab lus.

Qeb ntawm kev sau ntawv. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tawm

Muaj ntau ntau hom ntawv thiab hom ntaub ntawv, tab sis lawv tag nrho poob rau hauv tsuas yog ob pawg loj:

• Xa (tawm xa tuaj).
• Received (incoming mail).

Cia peb saib lub ntsiab ntawm txhua qeb.

Kev xa xov, hu ua tawm, tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov neeg tau txais hauv qab no:

• Cov tub ceev xwm siab.
• Cov tub txibkoom haum.
• Partner lag luam.
• Departments, Rhiav thiab lwm yam kev faib ntawm lub tuam txhab.

Cov ntaub ntawv twg raug xa mus rau cov tub ceev xwm siab?

Xyaum txhua lub lag luam yog subordinate rau txhua lub koom haum (koog tsev kawm ntawv, departmental, regional, as well as ministries). Cov ntawv xa mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv no yuav yog cov ntawv tshaj tawm, cov ntawv tshaj tawm, cov phiaj xwm rau lub hli, peb lub hlis twg, xyoo, cov lus teb rau cov lus thov. Raws li txoj cai, nws raug muab tso rau ntawm cov qauv kev pom zoo lossis ntawm cov ntawv zoo tib yam nrog lub tuam txhab lub logo.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov koom haum Downline

Tsis yog tag nrho, tab sis ntau lub lag luam koom tes nrog cov koom haum uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lawv. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov thawj coj, ceg, cov tuam txhab me thiab lwm yam. Cov ntawv xa los ntawm nws yuav yog cov lus qhia, kev txiav txim, cov ntawv ceeb toom, cov cai, cov lus qhia, cov ntaub ntawv qhia. Nws kuj tau muab tso rau ntawm cov ntawv sau lossis cov ntawv zoo tib yam nrog lub tuam txhab logo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev cob qhia tuaj yeem siv rau hauv daim ntawv qhia thiab phau ntawv, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov lus qhia ntawm cov qauv qauv lossis cov ntawv npog nrog cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab kos npe. Yog tias tsis muaj, ces phau ntawv qhia thiab daim ntawv qhia lawv tus kheej yuav tsum muaj lub foob ntawm lub chaw xa khoom thiab kos npe ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov tuam txhab koom tes

Raws li txoj cai, hauv qhov no peb tab tom tham txog cov chaw muag khoom, cov neeg muag khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom. Cov ntawv xov xwm nws xa yog xaj, ntawv ceeb toom ntawmtau txais cov khoom, cov lus thov, cov ntawv tshaj tawm, cov ntawv ceeb toom txog kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev pom zoo lossis daim ntawv cog lus, kev thov kev lag luam.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm, cov npe teev npe, kev zoo siab, kev caw, piv txwv li, rau kev nthuav qhia tsis tas yuav tsum tau sau npe.

Cov ntaub ntawv hauv tib lub koom haum

Hom kev xa tawm no tshwm sim ntawm cov chaw lag luam uas muaj 2 lossis ntau lub tuam tsev, kev cob qhia, kev faib tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov thawj coj teeb tsa cov lus txib, cov kev daws teeb meem, cov lus qhia, cov lus qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws, uas raug xa mus rau cov tuam tsev thiab kev cob qhia. Tom qab ntawd rau cov thawj coj thiab cov thawj coj xws li kev sau ntawv yuav tawm mus, thiab rau kev cob qhia lossis chav haujlwm - tuaj.

Journal design rules

Txawm hais tias daim ntawv xa mus rau qhov twg, nws yuav tsum raug suav rau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, muaj cov ntawv teev npe rau cov ntawv xa tawm. Nyob rau lub sijhawm uas cov khoos phis tawj thiab Is Taws Nem tsis muaj, cov ntawv xov xwm no tau khaws cia ntawm tes. Lawv tuaj yeem yog arbitrary. Ib phau ntawv sau, phau ntawv sau nyiaj, phau ntawv sau yuav siv tau. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum tau muab cov nplooj ntawv stitched kom lawv tsis tuaj yeem tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau suav nrog. Nplooj ntawv lub npe ntawm phau ntawv journal qhia hnub thaum nws pib. Yav dhau los, nws yuav tsum tau xaws cov nplooj ntawv nrog cov xov, kaw lawv qhov kawg nrog ib daim ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau muab lub foob thiab kos npe ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas. Tsis tas li ntawm daim ntawv no tau muab tso rau tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv suav nrog. Tsis tso cai kho kom raug.

Tam sim no txoj hlua khi ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nrog cov xov raug cawm thaumsau npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nyiaj txiag lossis kev cai lij choj.

Nplooj ntawv hauv phau ntawv xov xwm raug suav nrog hauv kev lag luam feem ntau.

Thaum kab kawg ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm tau sau, hnub kawg ntawm nws tau muab tso tseg. Nws yog khaws cia los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 xyoos. Nws nyob ntawm hom ntawv sau npe hauv nws. Lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim, nyiaj txiag nyiaj txiag, daim ntawv cog lus mus sij hawm ntev, thiab lwm yam yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb. Koj tuaj yeem pov tseg ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm tsuas yog tias txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg hauv nws tau poob nws txoj cai lij choj.

Computer pab

Nyob hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev siv computer technology, nws nyuaj rau nrhiav tus neeg ua haujlwm uas taug qab cov ntaub ntawv nkag thiab tawm ntawm tes. Tam sim no muaj qee qhov kev pab cuam uas tso cai rau koj luam cov ntawv lossis khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv computer. Txhawm rau siv nws, koj yuav tsum muaj:

• Computer nrog MS Office, MS Excel cov kev pab cuam.
• tshuab luam ntawv.
• Scanner.
• Computer email.
• Ib lub cim zoo li no: “Kev nkag. No. _, "_" _20_" Nws tuaj yeem ntaus ntawv manually lossis yuav npaj ua.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv qhov program, rub tawm daim ntawv xav tau thiab pib ua haujlwm nrog nws. Koj tuaj yeem luam daim ntawv, ua ntau daim ntawv luam, xaws lawv. Koj yuav tau txais ib phau ntawv journal uas koj yuav tau sau ntawv los ntawm tes. Koj tsis tuaj yeem luam tawm, sau npe ncaj qha rau hauv koj lub computer. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog li cas cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia uas koj tsis tas yuav kos npe.

Koj xav tau pes tsawg phau ntawv xov xwm?

Ntau zausNyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov tuam txhab tuav ib lub cav ntawm cov ntawv xa tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub koom haum nrog ntau tus neeg koom tes thiab lwm tus neeg tau txais yuav muaj ob peb phau ntawv xov xwm no, xws li:

• Rau kev sau npe ntawm cov ntawv xa mus rau peb tog thiab rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev lag luam.
• Rau cov ntawv xa mus rau cov tuam txhab hauv tebchaws thiab txawv teb chaws.
• Rau cov ntaub ntawv npaj rau qee lub koom haum (piv txwv li, lub chaw haujlwm hauv nruab nrab, kev ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam) thiab lwm tus. Qhov no yog ua kom yooj yim ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis ib phau ntawv xov xwm raug kos raws li tus qauv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee lub koom haum muaj cov ntawv xov xwm cais rau txhua hom ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau sau npe cov ntawv xaj, kev txiav txim nyiaj txiag, ntawv ceeb toom, phau ntawv qhia, cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab, cov txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam. Txhawm rau suav rau cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau lwm kab yuav raug siv.

Yuav ua li cas khaws cov ntawv sau cia

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog kwv yees tib yam rau kev suav nyiaj rau txhua hom kev xa tawm. Ib qho piv txwv qhia tias tus tsim yuav tsum zoo li cas yog muab rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm txhua nplooj ntawv muaj "header" nrog kab:

• Tus naj npawb ntawm kev nkag, nws kuj tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv.
• hnub tawm mus.
• Document title (piv txwv li "Qhia Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm").
• Cov ntsiab lus (lus ob peb kab lus, koj tuaj yeem tso tus lej ntawm daim ntawv).
• Npe ntawm lub koom haum uas xa ntawv xa tuaj.
• Sau npe ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau npe.
• Txoj kev tawm mus (tsis tu ncua lossis e-mail, fax). Cov khoom no tau ntxiv nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Yav dhau los, nws tsis nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau.
• Yog tias teb rau qhov kev thov lossis daim ntawv tshaj tawm raug xa mus, phau ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum qhia tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li tsab ntawv xa tuaj. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau qhia cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus neeg ua yeeb yam (lub npe, txoj haujlwm).
• Ntau daim ntawv luam. Qee lub sij hawm ib kem raug faib cais, uas muaj pes tsawg nplooj ntawv hauv ib daim ntawv qhia.
• Note. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis suav nrog hauv kab yav dhau los tau qhia ntawm no.

Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tawm mus tsis yog lus teb rau qhov kev thov lossis daim ntawv tshaj tawm, kev sib tsoo raug muab tso rau hauv kab ntawm kev tua thiab tus neeg saib xyuas.

Nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus thiab sau cov ntawv teev lus tawm tsis tau hloov pauv. Qauv qhia saum toj no.

Xa ntawv tuaj

Cov ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

1. Cov tub ceev xwm siab.
2. sib pab.
3. Partner tuam txhab.
4. Lwm lub koom haum tsis tau teev saum toj no (tub ceev xwm, tsev txhab nyiaj, tsev hais plaub, pej xeem ntiag tug, thiab lwm yam).
5. Nyob rau hauv ib lub lag luam, cov ntawv xa tuaj tuaj yeem los ntawm cov thawj coj lossis lwm chav tsev, piv txwv li, los ntawm lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag.

Saib pebtxiav txim siab seb cov ntaub ntawv twg tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv xov xwm los ntawm cov koom haum tau teev tseg hauv thawj peb kab lus.

Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem xa ntawv xa mus rau tus neeg ua haujlwm, sau ntawv txiav txim, txiav txim plaub ntug, foob, foob lossis nqe lus los ntawm tus kheej, thiab lwm yam.

Cov ntaub ntawv sawv cev rau kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam tuaj yeem sib txawv: kev tswj hwm kev txiav txim, kev txiav txim, cov lus qhia, cov qauv, cov qauv kev nyab xeeb, cov ntawv ceeb toom, thiab lwm yam.

Ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv tuaj

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog cov ntawv xa tawm xwb, tab sis kuj tuaj. Phau ntawv journal, qhov twg cov ntawv tau txais los ntawm lub tuam txhab tau sau npe, yog kos raws li cov cai tib yam li cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj.

Qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv "cap" ntawm daim ntawv. Nws yuav tsum muaj cov kab hauv qab no:

• Tus lej. Nws tseem raug muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv.
• Hnub tau txais.
• Lub koom haum uas xa cov ntaub ntawv.
• Nws tau txais li cas (fax, e-mail lossis xa ntawv tsis tu ncua).
• Cov ntaub ntawv npe.
• Ntau daim ntawv luam.
• Qhov twg xa cov ntaub ntawv (rhiav, chav haujlwm lossis lub npe nplaub tshev).

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm tuaj tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.

Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj yog ib qho kev txiav txim lossis cov txheej txheem kev qhia ntawm kev tswj hwm tau txais los ntawm rhiav (chaw haujlwm) rau kev ua tiav, daim ntawv teev npe yuav tsum qhia tias leej twg yog tus neeg saib xyuas, thiab tseem affixCov ntawv sau ua haujlwm, hnub tim thiab kos npe tus kws kos duab.

Leej twg khaws cov ntaub ntawv?

Txhua tus neeg saib xyuas raug xaiv los ntawm lub taub hau tuaj yeem sau npe nkag nkag thiab tawm. Hauv qhov no, hom kev ua haujlwm no yuav tsum suav nrog hauv nws txoj haujlwm piav qhia lossis pom zoo los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam txhab. Raws li txoj cai, chaw ua haujlwm hauv cov koom haum yog tswj hwm los ntawm tus tuav ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm lossis tus thawj coj (hauv cov tuam txhab me) tuaj yeem ua cov ntawv sau npe. Hauv qee lub koom haum, kev sib txuas lus yog tswj hwm los ntawm ob tus neeg ua haujlwm - tus sau thiab tus tuav ntaub ntawv.

Lub khw thiab chaw ua haujlwm tseem khaws cov ntaub ntawv nkag thiab tawm. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm ib tus neeg ua haujlwm uas raug them rau hom haujlwm no los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm.

Kuv yuav tsum sau cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus li cas?

Kev sau npe nkag thiab xa tawm tsis yog txoj haujlwm nyuaj, tab sis yog lub luag haujlwm. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm lub tuam txhab yog raug rau accounting. Yog tias lawv tuaj ntawm cov koom haum, lawv yuav tsum raug ntaus thiab kos npe los ntawm lub taub hau. Qee lub sij hawm kos npe ntawm cov neeg muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem xav tau, piv txwv li, tus accountant tus thawj coj, yog tias qhov no yog daim ntawv xa nyiaj xa mus rau lub tuam txhab. Cov ntawv los ntawm cov tib neeg, xws li piav qhia lossis cov lus thov, tsuas yog kos npe rau tus neeg uas sau cov ntaub ntawv no.

Nyob rau hauv cov lag luam feem ntau, tag nrho cov ntawv xa tuaj yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm tus thawj coj txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Nws tus kheejtxiav txim siab yuav ua li cas nrog cov ntaub ntawv tau txais - lees txais rau kev tua, kom paub cov neeg koom nrog cov ntaub ntawv, lossis tsuas yog xa cov ntawv mus rau hauv ib daim ntawv tais ceev tseg. Yog li ntawd, tus tuav ntaub ntawv, tau sau npe cov ntawv xa tuaj hauv phau ntawv xov xwm, muab rau lub taub hau. Nws muab lub cim rau ntawm txhua daim ntawv mus rau lub tuam tsev uas nws yuav tsum xa.

Raws li qhov "kev txiav txim siab", tus tuav ntaub ntawv hauv kev sau npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj hauv kab ntawv tsim nyog ntxiv "txoj hmoo" ntawm txhua tsab ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib txoj cai tshiab ntawm kev xam cov nqi yuav raug xa mus rau lub tuam txhab accounting, kev ruaj ntseg cov lus qhia mus rau lub tuam tsev kev, thiab ib tug thov los ntawm pej xeem Ivanov mus rau lub tuam tsev tswj cov khoom zoo. Qhov no ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm tus tuav ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv tuaj.

Kuv yuav taug qab cov ntawv xa tawm li cas?

Saum toj no, peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv twg yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv no. Hauv qee lub koom haum, ib tus neeg thov yuav tsum tau teb los ntawm tus pab tuav ntaub ntawv lossis sau ua ke. Raws li GOST R 6.30-2003.12, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau kos rau ntawm daim ntawv tshwj xeeb lossis ntawm daim ntawv dawb nrog lub tuam txhab lub logo. Ib tsab ntawv ua lag luam xa mus rau ib lub koom haum lossis ib tus neeg yuav tsum raug ntaus thiab kos npe los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm. Raws li txoj cai, tus tuav ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau luam daim ntawv theej, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv daim nplaub tshev kom raug.

Cov ntawv xa tawm tau sau npe rau hauv phau ntawv xov xwm sib raug. Tus tuav ntaub ntawv yuav tsum xyuas seb tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab kos npe, cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws lub tuam txhab thiablub koom haum uas cov ntaub ntawv tau kos, muab tso rau hauv nws tus lej sib raug rau ib qho hauv qab uas nws tau nkag mus rau hauv phau ntawv journal, hnub tawm mus, lub npe ntawm daim nplaub tshev uas daim ntawv luam tawm. Yog tias tsab ntawv xa tuaj yog teb rau tsab ntawv tuaj, koj yuav tsum muab tus lej hauv qab uas nws tau sau npe. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum raug xa rau hnub uas tau teev tseg hauv daim ntawv teev npe.

Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau kev sau ntawv sau nyiaj?

Qee tus neeg nyob deb ntawm kev tsim khoom ntseeg tias kev sau npe tsis raug cai ntawm kev xa ntawv nkag thiab tawm yog kev ua haujlwm ntxiv, hu ua cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov tseeb, kev sau ntawv sau nyiaj ua haujlwm hauv qab no:

• Organizes workflow.
• Ua kom cov lus teb raws sijhawm rau cov khoom xa tuaj.
• Txoj kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev tsim khoom.
• Guarantees muaj txiaj ntsig kev koom tes ntawm tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam txawv teb chaws.
• Pab koj sai sai nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog qhov pom tseeb, yog li koj yuav tsum ua kom nws ua raws li lub luag haujlwm.