Retail chains: daim ntawv teev npe loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Txhua tus neeg tuaj xyuas cov khw muag khoom tsis tu ncua, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub neej. Thiab leej twg yog tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv? Kev ua lag luam hloov pauv li cas? Wb tham txog lub network loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia, piv rau lawv cov cim tseem ceeb.

Tshuaj thiab muag: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv?

Thaum nyeem cov ntawv hais txog kev lag luam hauv cov khoom, ob lo lus "khoom muag" thiab "khoom muag" tuaj yeem pom. Puas muaj qhov txawv ntawm cov tswv yim no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv scientific lawv tau siv los ua cov lus tsis sib xws. Qhov tseeb, lo lus "khoom muag" yog txhais los ntawm lus Askiv li khw muag khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev coj ua ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv kev tshaj lij, muaj kev maj mam dilution ntawm cov ntsiab lus no. Cov kab lus "khoom muag" txhais tau tias txhua hom kev muag khoom kom xaus cov neeg siv khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom, los ntawm cov khoom noj mus rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab txawm tias lub tsheb. Thiab lo lus "khoom muag" yog nce mus rau kev lag luam "web". Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus no tau nce zuj zus mus rau qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus, txawm tias cov kab lus xws li cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tshwm. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov lus ntawm nocov lus tsis txawv. Tab sis hauv kev xyaum siv lo lus, kev sib cais ntawm cov ntsiab lus no tau piav qhia. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, cov ntsiab lus "khoom muag muag" thiab "khoom muag" yuav raug siv los ua cov lus sib xws.

Retail in Russia

Keeb kwm ntawm kev muag khoom ntawm cov khw muag khoom muaj ib qho kev lig kev cai qub, nws rov qab mus rau cov rooj sib tham qub Lavxias thiab cov neeg muag khoom. Tau ntau pua xyoo, kev lag luam tau dhau los ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev hloov pauv, thiab niaj hnub no hauv Russia koj tuaj yeem pom txhua hom thiab hom khw muag khoom. Nyob rau theem tam sim no ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev lag luam, qhov loj tshaj plaws sector yog lub khw muag khoom. Cov khw muag khoom xa tawm network niaj hnub no yog txoj hauv kev tshaj plaws los faib khoom. Hauv 20 xyoo dhau los tau muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev lag luam sib sau ua ke. Me me players raug nyem tawm thiab nqos los ntawm cov nets. Cov txheej txheem no twb npog tsis tau tsuas yog lub nroog loj, tab sis kuj heev me me chaw nyob. Txhua chains sim diversify tus naj npawb ntawm khw hom nyob rau hauv lawv chains. Txhua lub khw muag khoom sim muab cov khw muag khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv.

Kev sib tw loj hlob ntawm cov khw muag khoom yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom. Txij li thaum, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev sib tw, cov khw muag khoom raug yuam kom txo tus nqi, sib ntaus sib tua rau tus neeg yuav khoom, muab nws ntau yam kev txhawb nqa, xav txog kev nthuav dav, txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, txog qib kev pab cuam, cov neeg siv khoom tau xaiv ntau dua thiab cov lub sijhawm los yuav cov khoom zoo ntawm tus nqi qis. Tam sim no cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus hauv tebchaws Russia tau mus txog theem saturation, ntxiv kev nyuaj siabkhw muag khoom chains tau ntsib los ntawm sab ntawm kev lag luam online. Tag nrho cov no ua rau lub fact tias cov kev sib tw ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws players nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus ua lag luam yog ua ntau thiab ntau aggravated. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov tes hauj lwm loj tshaj plaws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam hnyav rau kev lag luam sib koom ntawm cov players tseem ceeb.

Views

Txhawm rau faib cov tes hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias hom twg lawv muab faib ua. Qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev faib tawm yog cov khoom uas tau nthuav tawm hauv khw. Raws li qhov ntsuas no, cov saw hlau tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov saw hlau sib xyaw, uas yog, cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib txawv tau nthuav tawm: khoom noj, khoom siv rau lub tsev, lub vaj, lub tsheb, thiab lwm yam. Hom no suav nrog, piv txwv li, networks "Lenta", "Auchan". Ib lub network tshwj xeeb uas tsuas yog cov khoom ntawm ib pab pawg tau nthuav tawm. Ib qho piv txwv yuav yog Red thiab Dawb network. Kuj tseem muaj cov koom tes tshwj xeeb uas muag cov khoom lag luam ntawm ib pawg neeg nkaus xwb. Ib qho piv txwv yog Svyaznoy lossis Euroset tes hauj lwm, uas muag tsuas yog ntu nqaim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis digital. Tseem muaj universal chains uas muaj ntau yam khoom rau ntau lub hom phiaj.

Muaj kev coj ua ntawm kev faib cov chaw muag khoom raws li kev lag luam kev lag luam. Dab tsi ntxiv los ntawm qhov no? Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug nyob ruaj ruaj khw muag khoom lag luam network yog faib, uas yog, nws muaj thaj chaw tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov muag khoom - khw. Qhov no yog rooj plaub rau feem ntau cov khw muag khoom. Ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes kev lag luam kuj tseem txawv, uas ua rau kev lag luam mus ncig, piv txwv li, hauv cov khw muag khoom txawb lossis cov neeg muag khoom mus ncig. Semi-stationary lag luam kuj txawv, rauuas suav nrog pavilions, kiosks, tents.

Kev ntsuas ntawm Lavxias cov khw muag khoom

Txhua xyoo, cov tuam txhab sib txawv suav cov khw muag khoom loj tshaj plaws. Cov kev tsis sib xws feem ntau yog cov naj npawb ntawm cov khw muag khoom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom nyob ruaj ruaj thiab tus nqi muag khoom. Feem ntau, kev ntsuam xyuas kuj tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab uas pom tias qhov kev loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws lossis kev poob qis hauv kev ua haujlwm. Nws yuav nthuav kom ua qhov ntsuas "los ntawm qhov muag ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom". Txawm hais tias lawv, ntawm chav kawm, "pov npav nrog lawv cov rubles," kev xaiv ntawm lub khw tseem feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam, nrog rau kev muaj ntawm lub network. Yog li, piv txwv li, cov khw muag khoom ntawm Verny lossis Perekrestok chains, muaj nyob rau hauv European feem, tsis zoo sawv cev dhau lub Urals. Thiab nws yuav nthuav kom pom cov chains cov neeg siv khoom nyiam thiab nug yog vim li cas. Tab sis thaum tsis muaj qhov kev ntsuas zoo li no, cia peb saib leej twg yog tus thawj coj hauv khw muag khoom hauv Russia xyoo 2018.

Magnet

Nov tsis yog thawj xyoo uas qhov kev ntaus nqi tau coj los ntawm Magnit khw muag khoom. Nws yog tus thawj coj tsis muaj kev sib cav hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov khw muag khoom. Yog li, thaum kawg ntawm 2018, lub network suav nrog ntau dua 19 txhiab qhov chaw. Lub network yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khw ntawm ntau hom. Feem ntau, nws muaj cov khw muag khoom yooj yim, tseem muaj cov khw muag khoom loj thiab cov khw muag khoom muag muag cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv tu cev. Tam sim no lub network tau pib tsim kev lag luam hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj. Tsev neeg "Magnit" yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv yuav luag 3 txhiab nyob rau hauv Russia. "Magnet" kuj yog lub tuam txhab muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws ntawm cov khw muag khoom. Hauv 2018, lawv qhov muag tau ntau dua 1.1 trillion rubles. Txhua xyoo lub network simqhib lub khw tshiab, ua haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam thiab ntau hom kev lag luam thiab qhov no tso cai rau lawv los ua thawj coj.

Pyaterochka

Txheeb cais ntawm Pyaterochka yog kwv yees heev, txij li lub tuam txhab uas muaj X5 Retail Group feem ntau tshaj tawm tag nrho ntawm tag nrho nws cov lag luam hom: Pyaterochka, Perekrestok thiab Karusel. Tab sis nws paub tias xyoo 2018 cov saw hlau muaj 13 txhiab lub khw. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khw loj. Kev muag khoom yog kwv yees li 1.1 trillion rubles. Pyaterochka sib ntaus sib tua rau cov neeg siv khoom, muab lawv cov kev pabcuam loy alty, luv nqi rau qee pawg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, txhim kho cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm tus neeg luv nqi raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Auchan

Auchan, Fabkis cov khw muag khoom muag, yog nyob rau hauv thib peb hauv qeb duas. Lub khw muag khoom muaj tshaj 300 lub khw qhib hauv Russia. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog hypermarkets, lub network ntawm cov khw muag khoom loj thiab cov khw muag khoom yooj yim tseem tab tom tsim. Nyob rau hauv 2018, lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los nyob rau hauv Russia poob, uas cov kws txawj ntaus nqi mus nce kev ua si ntawm cov neeg sib tw. Lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los yog kwv yees li 300 billion rubles. Fabkis cov khw muag khoom kuj qhia txog qhov poob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Tab sis Auchan tshaj tawm kev txhim kho cov qauv tshiab thiab txhim kho kev lag luam online, tsis txhob tso nws txoj haujlwm.

Dixie

Lub khw muag khoom Dixy ib zaug pib hauv St. Petersburg, thiab hnub nomuaj 2,700 lub khw thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Lub network cov nyiaj tau los yog kwv yees li 300 billion rubles ib xyoo, uas yog kwv yees li 6% ntau dua xyoo tas los. Cov saw hlau qhia tau hais tias kev ua tau zoo, tab sis nws twb tau txais neeg coob coob nyob rau hauv European ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog feem ntau sawv cev, thiab kev nkag mus rau lwm lub cheeb tsam yog tseem hampered los ntawm undeveloped logistics system.

kab

Lwm tus neeg muag khoom Saint-Petersburg, Lenta, tau ua tiav kev lag luam Lavxias tau ntev. Niaj hnub no lub tuam txhab muaj 245 hypermarkets thiab 135 supermarkets thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Lub network cov nyiaj tau los yog yuav luag 120 billion rubles, uas yog yuav luag 11% ntau dua li ntawm 2017. Lub network qhia tau hais tias muaj kev loj hlob zoo vim yog kev txhim kho cov nroog tshiab, qhov twg cov khw muag khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom.

OK

Tus neeg muag khoom hauv Lavxias FMCG no tau tshaj tawm qhov poob qis hauv xyoo 2018, tab sis cov khw muag khoom tseem yog cov khw muag khoom noj loj tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Niaj hnub no nws suav nrog 160 lub khw, thiab ib nrab ntawm lawv yog Da! Cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov khw muag khoom poob qis 3% thiab muaj txog li 160 billion rubles.

Metro Nyiaj & Nqa

Lub koom haum tshwj xeeb ntawm Metro Cash & Nqa cov khw muag khoom lag luam cuam tshuam nws txoj kev loj hlob me ntsis. Lub network yog tsom rau cov lag luam wholesale me me thiab kev nkag mus rau lub khw yog txwv rau cov neeg yuav khoom daim npav, uas tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov koom haum raug cai. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 93 lub khw muag khoom lag luam nyob hauv Russia, thiab lub tuam txhab txawm tias yuav tsum kaw ntau lub khw. Lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los tau poob rau yav dhau losxyoo los ntawm 16%. Tag nrho cov no yuam kom lub network rov xav txog cov txheej txheem kom tau txais daim npav, tam sim no leej twg tuaj yeem tau txais.

Liab thiab Dawb

Nyob rau xyoo 2018, kev txhim kho ntawm Red thiab Dawb cov khw muag khoom lag luam tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua rau txhua tus kws tshaj lij xav tsis thoob. Txog rau hnub tim, lub network muaj 5200 lub khw hauv 54 thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Lub network cov nyiaj tau los rau 2018 yog 215 billion rubles. Lub network yuav luag ntes nrog Magnit hauv kev qhib lub khw tshiab. Qhov kev vam meej no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tsis thoob vim tias cov saw hlau muaj ntau yam khoom siv cawv.

npib

Ural saw ntawm cov khw muag khoom muag "Monetka" hauv 2018 nthuav dav nws qhov chaw nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Russia. Niaj hnub no, lub network muaj txog 1 txhiab lub khw muag khoom thiab tau pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 78 billion rubles. Lub network yog sawv cev los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov khw muag khoom loj thiab cov luv nqi.

Txhua tus thawj coj ntawm qhov kev ntaus nqi sib zog ua kom lawv txoj haujlwm muaj zog thiab ua kom muaj kev lag luam ua tsov rog tawm tsam ib leeg. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov khw muag khoom muag cov neeg ua lag luam tau saib xyuas lawv cov neeg sib tw thiab tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam. Txhua tus ntawm lawv sim nyiam cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv, rau qhov no cov chains tsim cov kev pabcuam nyiaj tshwj xeeb, nquag siv cov cuab yeej txhawb kev muag khoom: ntau yam kev tshaj tawm, cov xwm txheej, tus kheej muab, ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam. Raws li kev xav ntawm ntau tus neeg siv khoom, Auchan network muab cov kev pabcuam zoo tshaj plaws thiab ntau yam. Lub Lenta network siv cov cuab yeej ntawm kev nce qib thiab luv nqi zoo tshaj plaws. "Pyaterochka" thiabMagnit tab tom sim ua lag luam nrog nws cov khw muag khoom kom cov neeg siv khoom tsis tas yuav mus deb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim cov khoom lag luam thiab cov nqi hauv chains zoo sib xws. Yog li ntawd, cov thawj coj tau sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau theem ntawm geography. Koj puas xav tias qhov ntau ntawm cov tes hauj lwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom? Los yog nws tsuas ua rau nws nyuaj rau xaiv? Koj nyiam lub network twg thiab vim li cas?