Mainskaya HPP yog tus pab me me ntawm lub zog loj

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib ntawm Yenisei River ntawm daim ntawv qhia, koj tuaj yeem pom yooj yim pom Yenisei cascade ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab. Ib theem tseem ceeb heev yog lub Mainsky hydroelectric complex, nyob rau hauv Khakassia, ib sab ntawm lub zos ntawm Maina.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm Mainskaya HPP

Mainskaya fais fab nroj tsuag tag nrho npog cov hluav taws xob xav tau ntawm Sayanogorsk aluminium smelter. Txawm li cas los xij, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb yog ua kom cov dej hloov pauv hauv Yenisei, tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, nyob ntawm 22 mais ntawm tus dej ntws.

Lub Chaw Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Loj thiab nws "tus muam loj" hauv Yenisei HPP cascade tau koom ua ke los ntawm kev sib raug zoo thev naus laus zis. Raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP tam sim ntawd nce lossis txo nws cov zis txhua hnub, tso tawm cov dej sib txawv.

Lub Mainskaya HPP, ua nws tus neeg tswj hwm, tau txais cov dej ntws mus rau hauv nws lub reservoir, thiab tom qab ntawd sib npaug ntawm cov dej ntau dhau, tiv thaiv thaj av hauv qab thiab kev sib haum xeeb los ntawm dej nyab. Lub complex ntawm hydraulic qauv tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv Russia.

theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho

Txoj haujlwm ntawm Mainskaya chaw nres tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau ua los ntawm cov lus dab neeg "Lenhydroproekt", uas tau tsim 89 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv nws 100 xyoo dhau los. Cov neeg tsim kho ntawm HPP tau muaj hmoo ua yam tsis muaj "tsev pheebsuab kev hlub" ib txwm muaj ntawm kev tsim kho loj hauv USSR.

Thaum lub sijhawm kev tsim kho pib hauv lub zos Maina xyoo 1979, cov tsev npaj tau npaj ua vaj tse thiab cov chaw tseem ceeb hauv zej zog tau tos cov neeg tsim dej. Lub zos nyob rau sab laug ntug dej ntawm Yenisei River. Daim ntawv qhia qhia tias niaj hnub no lub zos tau loj hlob thiab tau los ua ib feem ntawm lub nroog Sayanogorsk.

Tam sim no xyoo 1980, thawj lub cubic meters ntawm pob zeb tau muab tso rau hauv cov chaw ntawm Main hydroelectric complex, thiab thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 24, 1984, cov neeg tsim ua tiav qhov sib tshooj ntawm Yenisei kev sib raug zoo. Lub chaw nres tsheb tau muab nws thawj zaug tam sim no rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1984, thaum lub 1st hydroelectric unit tau pib. Lub 2nd thiab 3rd units ntawm Mainskaya HPP pib ua hauj lwm rau lub Cuaj Hlis 28 thiab Kaum Ob Hlis 10, 1985, raws li. Kev tsim kho tau ua tiav xyoo 1987.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb

Lub tsev ntawm Lub Chaw Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob yog nyob ntawm hom channel, uas yog, cov dej ntws ncaj qha los ntawm chaw nres tsheb. Muaj 3 chav hydraulic nrog lub peev xwm tsim ntawm 107 MW txhua hauv chav cav. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa los ntawm kev sib hloov-hla turbines, tsim rau lub siab ntawm 16.9 meters. Tus tsim nruab nrab txhua xyoo tso zis ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb yog 1.72 billion kWh, tag nrho muaj peev xwm yog 321 MW.

Tom qab tso lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws tau pom tias cov turbines tau tsim tsis raug thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm li qubrotary-blade hom. Cov hniav yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauj lwm, txo cov efficiency ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb.

Ib qho yuam kev tsis tau tso cai rau Mainskaya HPP los tsim nws lub peev xwm tsim, thiab hauv 2006 ib qho ntawm cov turbine log tau hloov. Qhov no nce kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab cov phiaj xwm yav tom ntej ntawm RusHydro, uas yog tswv HPP, suav nrog kev tsim kho thiab kho tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv.

Hydroelectric Main fais fab nroj tsuag

Qhov ntev ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov qauv ntawm Mainskaya HPP yog 750 meters. Chav tsev hydraulic yog:

• Power plant building.
• pob zeb vov nrog 5 qhov dej ntws 132.5 meters ntev thiab 31 meters siab tshaj plaws.
• Sab laug ntug dej hiav txwv 120 meters ntev thiab 24 meters siab tshaj plaws.
• Channel thiab sab xis-bank embankment av dams nrog tag nrho ntev ntawm 502.5 meters thiab siab tshaj plaws ntawm 30 meters. Ib txoj kev tsav tsheb khiav raws cov dams.

Cov qauv hydraulic siab ntawm Mainskaya HPP tsim Mainskoye Reservoir. Kev sau ntawm lub pas dej hauv pas dej tau pib xyoo 1985. Nrog rau qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm 324 meters, tag nrho cov ntim ntawm lub reservoir yog 116 lab cubic meters, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntim yog 70.9 lab cubic meters. Qhov chaw ntawm lub reservoir yog 11.5 square meters. kilometers, ntev 21.5 kilometers, dav 500 thiab siab tshaj plaws qhov tob 13 meters.

Reconstruction of the Mainskaya HPP

Kev ua yuam kev hauv kev txhim kho cov turbines thiab lub sijhawm ntev hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua rau pib qhov tobReconstruction ntawm Main chaw nres tsheb, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav los ntawm 2022. Kev hloov kho tshiab tau cog lus tias yuav ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv hydraulic, txo qis qis ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb los ntawm 20% thiab nce lub zog ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob los ntawm ib thiab ib nrab zaug.

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab, uas tau pib xyoo 2011, tag nrho cov turbines, generators, fais fab transformers, auxiliary pneumatic thiab roj systems, technical water supply equipment yuav raug hloov. Ntxiv nrog rau kev hloov kho cov cuab yeej, nws tau npaj los nruab cov cuab yeej seismometric niaj hnub. Tseem muaj kev npaj yuav tsim ib qho ntxiv onshore qhob spillway nrog 2 lub qhov siab ntawm sab laug ntug dej ntawm Yenisei.

Txog hnub tim, tag nrho cov chav dej hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay, lub zog tswj kev vibration tau raug teeb tsa, thiab niaj hnub 220 kV SF6 tswj thiab faib khoom tau raug teeb tsa los ntawm kev qhib switchgear.

Qhov hloov kho ib nrab Mainskaya HPP txuas ntxiv ua ncaj ncees ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm, ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus pab cuam me me tab sis tsim nyog, yam tsis muaj qhov kev ua haujlwm raug ntawm lub zog loj ntawm Yenisei cascade yog tsis yooj yim sua.