Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing: hom thiab yuav tsum tau ua
Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing: hom thiab yuav tsum tau ua

Video: Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing: hom thiab yuav tsum tau ua

Video: Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing: hom thiab yuav tsum tau ua
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Anonim

Txhua qhov kev tsim kho, tshwj xeeb hauv nroog, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm pej xeem. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov chaw siv cov khoom siv loj thiab cov khoom siv tuaj yeem poob. Yog li ntawd, fencing ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho yuav tsum tau nruab rau tag nrho lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov kev xav tau rau cov chaw zoo li no tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv thiab cov cai. Cia peb xav txog cov kev tsim kho kom ntxaws ntxiv.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing

Txoj cai dav dav

Lub koom haum ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho thiab nws cov ntu yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam huv thiab huv, tshem tawm thiab tiv thaiv kev hem thawj. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw, nws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg siv khoom los muab tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov haujlwm thiab ua cov kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Cov tom kawg, tshwj xeeb, suav nrog cov laj kab ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho.

Kev ruaj ntseg

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog lub koom haum ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheejKev tsim kho dua tshiab, cov kev ntsuas feem ntau lees txais yuav tsum tau ua:

  1. Kev txiav txim thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij.
  2. Kev thaiv qhov chaw tsim kho thiab nws cov ntu ntu.
  3. Muab cov teeb pom kev tsim nyog, kev tsav tsheb, kev taug kev. Rau nws lub koom haum, ib qho kev faib hluav taws xob sib cais. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas nrog rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom tsim kho dua tshiab.
  4. Kev koom tes ntawm txoj hauv kev rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv thiab kev thauj mus los, kev nkag mus rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, qhov chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv.
  5. khoom siv ntawm cov khoom nrog thawj tus neeg tua hluav taws.
  6. Ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob, ua raws li cov qauv huv thiab huv raws li tau teev tseg rau kev lag luam.
  7. Ntawv qhia kev nyab xeeb.
GOST fencing cov chaw tsim khoom
GOST fencing cov chaw tsim khoom

GOST 23407.78: cov khoom muag laj kab rau qhov chaw tsim kho

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tsis tau los ntawm cov neeg sab nraud, cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau teeb tsa nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov chaw. Cov laj kab laj kab ntawm cov chaw tsim kho uas nyob ib sab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov pej xeem coob coob yuav tsum tau nruab nrog kev tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev thiab cov canopies. Ntawm cov chaw tsim kho dua tshiab, cov qauv siv los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv. Tshwj xeeb, cov hauv qab no tab tom tsim:

  1. Ib ntus ntu thiab phab ntsa. Lawv muab kev sib cais ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab thaj chaw rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa.
  2. tiv thaiv floorings. Lawv raug siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom poob thiab cov khoom hauv chav nyob qhov twgproduction.
  3. Txheej tiv thaiv khaub thuas thiab nag lossis daus.
  4. Kev ua laj kab ib ntus ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, ceeb toom txog thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw uas muaj kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm.
  5. Cov qauv tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm kom poob ntawm qhov siab.
  6. Lwm lub laj kab, lub teeb vaj tse, cov ntxaij vab tshaus. Lawv tau siv los muab kev tiv thaiv qhov muag tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm hluav taws xob vuam, thermal raug, tiv thaiv iav los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm tawg, los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev cob qhia kev lag luam.

Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing yog ua rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Lawv tsim yuav tsum tau npaj rau reusable siv. Txhua qhov chaw tsim kho ib ntus laj kab yuav tsum yooj yim thauj, txhim khu kev qha, ruaj khov, siv tau ob hnub thiab hmo ntuj.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing

Txoj cai ntxiv

Cov khoom tawm thiab nkag ntawm cov qauv ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau teem caij sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij. Nyob rau ntawm qhov nkag mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho, tsim ib lub tswv yim rau kev txav ntawm cov tsheb. Txoj kev ntawm txoj kev tsav tsheb thiab txoj kev yog nruab nrog cov paib pom tseeb uas tswj xyuas kev tsav tsheb. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau muab cov chaw huv huv raws li cov cai siv. Ntawm cov khoom uas tau muab faib ua cov khoom tawg thiab hluav taws kub hnyiab, nws raug tso cai ua haujlwm tsuas yog nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas tau xaiv los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom, pom zoo nrog cov kev pabcuam roj thiab hluav taws. Hauv kev kawmkev teeb tsa kev ua ub no hauv chav gassed, nrog rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas nyob hauv qab hauv pem teb / theem av, huab cua tsom xam tau ua txhua hnub ua ntej pib ua haujlwm.

khaws cia cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv

Nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev cai uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev thiab GOST. Kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing yog muab nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas thaum thauj khoom / unloading cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, ua tiav kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog guaranteed. Cov chaw khaws cia tau txiav txim siab thiab koom tes nrog kev tswj hwm kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem sib cais thiab pawg yog npaj kom lawv tsis thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov saib ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas twb muaj lawm. Lawv tso rau ntawm txoj kev, crane thiab railway lem yog tsis tso cai. Thaum khaws cia rau ntawm cov av ntau, kev ntsuas raug coj los tshem tawm qhov ua tau tawg ntawm cov qauv.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing mesh
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing mesh

Loading, unloading and transport

Thaum ua cov haujlwm no, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai ntawm SNiP, lub xeev cov qauv thiab DNAOP. Thaum thauj khoom, tshem tawm thiab thauj khoom siv tsheb lossis tsheb ciav hlau, koj yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai tsheb thiab cov qauv uas tau teev tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam. Qhov ceev ntawm kev txav ntawm cov tsheb nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho ntawm qhov ncaj thiab pom zoo tsis tuaj yeem siab tshaj 10 km / h. Thaum tawm, suav nrog los ntawm ib sab kev mus rau qhov tseem ceeb los yogib txoj kev uas muaj tsheb thauj neeg hnyav, nkag, hauv kev cob qhia, ntawm U-tig, kev sib tshuam, thaum thim rov qab, hauv huab cua hnyav, nws yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 5 km / h. Thaum thauj cov qauv hauv cov xwm txheej nruj thiab tsis muaj qhov ntev mus txawv tebchaws, cov chij liab raug kho rau ntawm qhov chaw uas protrude tshaj qhov ntev ntawm lub tsheb, thiab thaum pom kev tsawg dua 20 m thiab hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, cov khoom siv muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Kev tsim kho qhov rooj laj kab

SNiP yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas tsim cov cai rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov chaw. Cov txheej txheem tau saws rov qab rau hauv lub sijhawm Soviet. Muab rau hauv tus account txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov cuab yeej technology, lawv tau hloov mus rau niaj hnub tej yam kev mob. Nyob rau hauv 1979, GOST "Cov Lus Qhia Fencing rau cov chaw tsim kho" tau pom zoo thiab siv tau. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, nws tsis raug tso cai los ua kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw lossis nws qhov chaw yam tsis muaj kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing

Key tshuaj noj

Fencing ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho yuav tsum ua raws li lub xeev cov qauv pom zoo. Tus qauv tsim yuav tsum suav nrog wickets lossis rooj vag kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev txav mus los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab tsheb. Lub laj kab ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho yuav tsum yog collapsible nrog cov khoom, fasteners thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm tib tus qauv. Qhov siab ntawm cov racks, cov qauv, lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm lub canopies, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai tsim. Cov panels yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub duab plaub. Lawv qhov ntev, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov uprights, yog txiav txim siabRaws li cov qauv: los ntawm 1, 2 mus rau 2 m thiab tsis ntau tshaj 6 m, feem. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ib qho degree ntawm rarefaction ntawm 80-100 mm. Ib qho kev zam yog lub mesh rau fencing qhov chaw. Yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov khoob hauv lub decking ntawm txoj kev taug kev tshaj 5 hli. Cov visors tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov xav tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv yuav tsum npog cov neeg tsiv hauv qab lawv nrog cov npoo.

Rau cov pej xeem hla ntawm txoj kev taug kev yuav tsum tau faib ntau tshaj 1.2 m. Lub railing yuav tsum tau txuas rau lub visor lossis rau sab sauv ntawm lub laj kab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlua tiv thaiv tau muab rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 50 cm thiab 1.1 m los ntawm txoj kev carriageway. Qhov chaw fencing yuav tsum tau tsim kom nws tuaj yeem kho thiab tshem tawm thaum tuav lub zog txaus. Cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum tau ntsuas los tiv thaiv rotting thiab kis ntawm xeb los ntawm cov khoom. Lub xub ntiag ntawm txoj kab nqes rau hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob hem lub laj kab tiv thaiv. Cov qauv tsim yuav tsum tau coated nrog cov xim tsim nyog. Nws yuav tsum tsis pub muaj cov ntsiab lus raug mob (hooks, fab, thiab lwm yam).

Fencing ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha uas ua kom nws ruaj khov. Tus qauv tsim yuav tsum tiv taus lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm cov khoom hnyav, tab sis tsis pub tsawg dua 200 kg / cm2, nrog rau lub zog ntawm cua daj cua dub thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov daus. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub laj kab yog tsim yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv pov thawj zoo thiab ua tau raws li qhov tsim nyog. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv yog tsawg kawg 10 xyoo. Rau paving lawj panels, lub sijhawm noyuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 xyoos.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing

Kev faib cov qauv

laj kab rau qhov chaw tsim kho yog muab faib ua hom nyob ntawm lawv lub hom phiaj. Muaj cov hauv qab no:

  1. Signal, unequivocally thiab meej qhia tias kev tsim kho tej hauj lwm tau ua nyob rau hauv ib ncig.
  2. Tiv thaiv, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg los ntawm kev raug mob.
  3. Kev ruaj ntseg, tiv thaiv cov neeg sab nraud nkag mus rau qhov khoom tsis raug cai.

Nyob ntawm lawv tus yam ntxwv, laj kab tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

  1. Rackmount.
  2. Pab. Lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib ua sparse (grid, piv txwv li) thiab khoom.
  3. sib xyaws.

Zoos

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg yog tiv thaiv tib neeg los ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw. Hauv qhov no, feem ntau, lawv tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov laj kab yooj yim ntsia ib ncig ntawm cov chaw lag luam lossis cov tsev nyob. Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv yog siv los tiv thaiv kev raug mob rau pej xeem. Hauv qhov no, lawv hom ntau tshaj plaws yog mesh (yas). Rau fencing chaw tsim kho, nws yog suav hais tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem "ntxhiab" txhua yam uas ntog los ntawm lub scaffolding: khib nyiab, cov khoom seem, cov cuab yeej thiab txawm tias cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov laj kab teeb liab muab qhov pom kev pom ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, ceeb toom rau pej xeem txog kev phom sij. Rau qhov no, feem ntau siv daim kab xev tshwj xeeb. Nws yog rub tawm ntawm tus pins, ntxiv dag zog rau hauvntiaj teb.

Specific

Yog lub laj kab yog npaj rau kev tiv thaiv lossis kev tiv thaiv, ces nws tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj zog. Qee zaum nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cov visors, struts, ib txoj kev taug kev nrog railings, thiab lwm yam. Nyob ntawm qhov muaj thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom ntxiv, tus nqi ntawm cov qauv kuj tau txiav txim siab. Tus nqi kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm lawv ua. Feem ntau, ib lub laj kab muaj 3 lub ntsiab lus: lub thav duab, kev txhawb nqa thiab sau.

kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing
kev tsim kho qhov chaw fencing

Khoom Xaiv

Raws li tau hais los saum no, kev tsim kho qhov laj kab yuav tsum ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha, ruaj khov, yooj yim rau kev sib sau, disassemble thiab thauj. Cov khoom siv ib txwm siv rau kev tsim cov qauv no yog ntoo thiab hlau. Ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, lawv qhov ntau tau nce ntxiv. Tam sim no, yas yog siv ntau zaus rau fencing. Qhov zoo ntawm cov kev tsim kho no yog raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Txoj cai tam sim no tso cai rau lawv teeb tsa.
  2. Tus nqi pheej yig ntawm cov khoom ua rau cov laj kab no ntxim nyiam.
  3. Kev txhim kho tsis tas yuav muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntxiv.
  4. Tsis tas yuav pleev xim rau tus qauv.
  5. Kev txhim kho cov laj kab yas siv sijhawm tsawg kawg nkaus.
  6. Kev tsim khoom siv tau ntev, hnav thiab muaj zog.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov laj kab no muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev - lawv tsis tsim nyog sivnyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj kev tsim loj loj tab tom pib. Qhov xwm txheej zoo ib yam nrog cov qauv sib txuas. Lub undoubted zoo ntawm daim phiaj - nws yooj yim ntawm installation thiab tus nqi qis - yog suppressed los ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub xeev tus qauv. Tsis ntev los no, profiled ntawv laj kab tau raug teeb tsa ntau zaus. Cov qauv yog yooj yim rau nruab thiab kuj pheej yig. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov laj kab no yooj yim rau tu.

Mobile structures

laj kab ib ntus ntawm hom no tshwm sim tsis ntev los no. Lawv, zoo li lwm cov qauv, xyuas kom muaj kev tiv thaiv cov pej xeem los ntawm kev raug xwm txheej, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub chaw, thiab tiv thaiv qhov tsis pom zoo ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Cov ntsiab lus hlau txawb kuj tseem siv rau hauv qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, kos npe rau thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw. Kev txhim kho tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, tsis xav tau kev paub tshwj xeeb. Kev txhim kho cov ntsiab lus yog nqa tawm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Vaj huam sib luag seem yog nruab nrog tshwj xeeb fasteners. Lawv tiv thaiv kev tsis xav tau lossis kev sib tsoo.

Zaj lus

Qhov chaw tsim kho ua raws li qhov chaw muaj kev phom sij. Muaj ib txwm muaj kev huam yuaj ntawm no. Hauv qhov no, cov neeg ua haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua txhua yam kev ntsuas tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv lub chaw thiab sab nraud. Kev ua tsis tau raws li cov cai tau tsim tuaj yeem xaus rau kev tu siab tsis yog rau cov pej xeem, suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj rau cov thawj coj saib xyuas kev tsim kho. Tam sim no, muaj kev xaiv loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv tsim los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, yog li cov neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem ua tauyooj yim xaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo.

Pom zoo: