Kev tsim cov khoom siv roj: cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, khoom siv thiab khoom siv

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev tsim cov roj av tam sim no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv belongs rau pawg ntawm cellular pob zeb. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm nws tau ntim nrog roj npuas, uas txo lawv lub cev hnyav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab lub zog tsis muaj zog. Ua tsaug rau cov yam ntxwv uas tau teev tseg, cov khoom siv roj tau dhau los ua nrov heev hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog cov roj av

Yog hais tias peb tham txog dab tsi yog aerated ua vaj tse los yog ib tug gas block, ces qhov no yog ib tug pob zeb ntawm dag, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm microscopic pores. Cov khoom siv no kuj tseem hu ua autoclaved cellular pob zeb, uas muab lub tswv yim ntawm cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tsim cov roj blocks.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev kuj tseem muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob ntau. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm tib lub cev ntxeem tau. Lwm qhov zoo dua yog qhov hnyav me me ntawm txhua qhov thaiv.

Kev tsim cov roj av tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam vim yog lawvNws muaj peev xwm tsim tsis tau tsuas yog partitions rau cov qauv, tab sis kuj load-bearing phab ntsa. Nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm siv xws li cellular pob zeb hauv kev tsim kho lossis hauv kev tsim vaj tsev siab. Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv yog kev tsim kho ntiag tug. Hauv qhov no, ib qho txiaj ntsig ntxiv tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv, uas yog tias cov blocks tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hauv paus, vim lawv hnyav me ntsis. Qhov no yuav pab txuag tau nyiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus.

Aerated qhob khoom

Txhua qhov zoo uas tau hais los saum toj no yog vim cov khoom siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov roj blocks. Qhov tseeb, tag nrho peb cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv - cov no yog cov cement, quartz xuab zeb thiab lub tshuab tshuab, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov hmoov txhuas ua si. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias qee cov tuam txhab lag luam tseem ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, piv txwv li, txiv qaub lossis tshauv.

Aerated concrete production

Kev tsim cov roj av yog ua los ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhuav, uas yog sib xyaw nrog cov dej ntxiv. Raws li yav tas los, koj tuaj yeem siv cov dej ntawm ib hom kev, uas yuav tsim nyog raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GOST 23732-79. Thaum ntxiv cov kua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas nws qhov kub thiab txias. Yog tias nws kub txaus (45 degrees Celsius), nws yuav ua kom lub zog ntawm qhov thaiv, ua rau nws qhov kev nyab xeeb siab tshaj plaws. Thaum nws los txog rau industrial scale ntau lawm,Qhov no kuj tseem yuav pab txhawb kev tsim khoom. Vim yog cov laj thawj no, yuav luag txhua lub tuam txhab uas muaj roj thaiv cov chaw ua haujlwm kub dej ua ntej ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw qhuav. Lwm qhov ntxiv ntawm kev siv cov kua rhuab yog tias koj tuaj yeem txuag tau cov cement, vim dej kub txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv qhuav ntau zog.

Kev xaiv cov xuab zeb rau kev tsim khoom

Mini-tsim cov pa roj los yog kev lag luam yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xaiv cov khoom xws li xuab zeb. Yog tias peb xav txog qhov teeb meem los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev xav, ces ob qho tib si quarry thiab dej xuab zeb tuaj yeem siv tau. Muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau muaj, uas yog cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov av nplaum thiab av nplaum impurities. Qhov loj ntawm cov xuab zeb nplej kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb - tsis pub ntau tshaj 2 hli.

Ntawm no nws tsim nyog hais txog kev tsim cov roj autoclave, vim nws cov xuab zeb tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov khoom xyaw xws li slag lossis tshauv. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv cov tshauv los ntawm thermal fais fab nroj tsuag, ces qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom tiav yuav raug txo, uas yuav txo cov nqi tsim khoom.

Cement thiab tshuab tshuab

Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom lag luam zoo hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv roj, ua npuas ncauj thiab lwm cov pob zeb ntawm tes, nws yuav tsum siv cov cement hom xws li M400 lossis M500. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog xaiv cov khoom siv raw uas ua raws li GOST 10178-85 hauv nws cov yam ntxwv. Hais txoggasifier, ces feem ntau txhuas hmoov yog xaiv los ntawm PAP-1 hom lossis PAP-2 hom. Nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus, tsis yog hmoov, tab sis ib tug tshwj xeeb muab tshuaj txhuam yog xaiv raws li ib tug tshuab. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev ncua kuj tuaj yeem siv tau, vim nws tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim rau knead cov khoom siv hmoov.

Lub ntsiab ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov hmoov yog raws li nram no. Aluminium yuav hnov mob nrog cov cement lossis txiv qaub mortar, uas muaj cov khoom ntawm alkali. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, cov ntsiab lus xws li calcium ntsev (aluminates) thiab gaseous hydrogen yog tsim. Ob yam khoom no yuav tsim cov pores, ua kom cov qauv sib tw.

Yuav kom tsim tau cov khoom lag luam zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm txhua feem. Txog rau tam sim no, muaj cov lus pom zoo dav dav ntawm cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tsim cov pob zeb aerated: los ntawm 50 mus rau 70% ntawm cov cement ntawm tag nrho cov huab hwm coj, los ntawm 0.04 mus rau 0.09% ntawm aluminium sib tov, thiab tseem los ntawm 20 mus rau 40% ntawm cov xuab zeb nyoos. cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv dej los ntawm 0.25 mus rau 0.8% thiab txiv qaub los ntawm 1 mus rau 5% yuav tsum tau. Hauv lwm lo lus, piv txwv li, kom tau 1 cubic meter ntawm cov khoom, koj yuav tsum muaj: 90 kg ntawm cement, dej mus txog 300 litres, 375 kg ntawm xuab zeb thiab 35 kg ntawm txiv qaub. Tus nqi ntawm txhuas hmoov tsuas yog 0.5 kg.

Txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov no tsuas yog cov lus pom zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov kho twb tau tsim lawm, nyob ntawm qhov xav tau kawg.

Koj xav tau dab tsi rau kev tsim khoom?

Raws li kev tsim khoom siv tshuab, nwsyooj yim txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev hauv tsev lossis khoom siv yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tau mus yuav ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab rau zus tau tej cov gas blocks, yog hais tias koj xav tau los ua cellular pob zeb rau koj tus kheej lub hom phiaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem yuav ib lub tshuab xwb. Cov cuab yeej muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm ntawm aerated qhob blocks nyob rau hauv ib tug complex. Qhov no yog ib hom ntawm mini-factory. Thaum yuav cov khoom siv zoo li no los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov kev pabcuam ntawm tus kws tshaj lij uas yuav pab koj nkag siab thiab teeb tsa cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, qhia koj yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog thiab lawv kom muaj nuj nqis.

Ntau yam khoom siv

Kev tsim kho tam sim no tau muab faib ua ntau hom. Cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv ib qho ntawm lawv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ib hnub. Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nkag siab tias muaj pes tsawg tus neeg yuav ua haujlwm zoo li no.

thawj hom khoom siv nyob ruaj ruaj. Kev tsim khoom txhua hnub ntawm cov kab no yog 60 cubic meters. Feem ntau, lub tsev khaws khoom lossis chaw tsim khoom siv rau nws qhov chaw, tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 500 m2 2. Lub ntsiab feature yog tias cov pwm txav mus rau ib qho chaw ruaj khov tov khoom, qhov chaw lawv yuav tau ntim nrog mortar. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho lwm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim khoom yog nqa tawm. Tsuas yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm.

khoom siv conveyor

Cov kab xa khoom tau nruab qhov uas nws tsim nyog los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov no parameter ntawm xws li ib tug complex yog 75-150 cubic meters ib hnub twg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub pace ntawm ntau lawm yog ceev, tsuas yog lub sij hawm ntawm lub solidification ntawm blocks tsis hloov, vim qhov no tsis nyob ntawm seb cov kab. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov no, yuav tsum muaj ntau qhov chaw ntau dua li cov khoom siv nyob ruaj ruaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsawg kawg ntawm 8 tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev pabcuam, txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav.

Small complexes

Raws li cov kab me me rau kev tsim khoom, cov no yog cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws, tsuas yog 15 cubic meters ib hnub. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov nyob rau hauv uas nws tsis yog daim ntawv uas nce qib ntawm no, tab sis lub tov khoom. Qhov no txo qis qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw mus rau 140-160 m2. Feem ntau, lawv tau yuav los ua qhov kev xaiv pib rau cov kab hluav taws xob ntau lawm.

Muaj lwm yam cais, uas yog hu ua mobile installations. Lawv tsuas yog siv thaum lub sij hawm siv ntiag tug. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias, raws li kev suav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, xws li kev teeb tsa them sai sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv pab txuag cov nqi tsim kho los ntawm kwv yees li 30%. Qhov peculiarity ntawm mobile units yog tias lawv tuaj nrog lub compressor, thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txawm tias txuas nrog lub tsev hluav taws xob hauv tsev.

Productionstep

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias cov pob zeb aerated tuaj yeem ua autoclaved thiab tsis yog autoclaved. Qhov txawv yog qhov ntawdqhov kev xaiv thib ob yog pheej yig dua, tab sis nws cov yam ntxwv muaj zog kuj tsawg dua. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov tseeb tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam qis dua, nws tau nrov heev. Vim li no, nws tsim nyog xav txog cov theem ntawm cov khoom tsim khoom.

1. Thawj theem yog, tau kawg, xaiv tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog hauv lawv qhov pes tsawg. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau sib tov kom huv si kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem. Yog tias koj muaj cov cuab yeej siv, qhov txheej txheem no yuav siv sijhawm tsis tshaj 10 feeb.
2. Qhov thib ob yog qhov kev daws teeb meem yav dhau los yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb. Cov cuab yeej raug siv rau qhov no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog paub tias koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau sau cov pwm ib nrab, vim tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke yuav nce ntxiv rau lub sijhawm vim yog tsim cov npuas npuas. Raws li rau lub sij hawm, tus txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm 4 teev, thaum lub sij hawm uas cov sib tov feem ntau puv lub pwm tag. Nws kuj tshwm sim tias tsis muaj chaw txaus. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntau dhau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm 2 teev tom qab thauj khoom.
3. theem kawg yog qhov nthuav tawm ntawm qhov thaiv tiav. Cov txheej txheem no siv sijhawm kwv yees li 16 teev. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev demoulding ntawm cov khoom thiab nws unloading ntawm pallets. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau tso lawv ntawm pallets kom lawv tau txais lub zog hu ua tempering. Nyob rau lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm no yuav siv sijhawm li 2 mus rau 3 hnub. Tom qab lub sijhawm no, cov blocks tuaj yeem xa mus rau lub tsev khaws khoom, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem muag tau tsuas yog hnub 28, txij li lub sijhawm no lub zog yuav ncav cuag qhov xav tau.

Kev muag khoom

Thaum kawg nws tsim nyog ntxiv tias qhov kev tsim khoomaerated qhob blocks yog kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov no pom meej meej tom qab sib piv cov nqi thiab tus nqi. Tus nqi ntawm 1 cubic meter ntawm cov khoom tiav feem ntau nce mus txog 1800 rubles. Raws li tus nqi muag khoom rau 1 cubic meter, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2500 rubles. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm ib lub cubic meter tsuas yog nce mus txog 700 rubles.