Kev txiav txim ntawm USSR hauv qhov tseem ceeb. Nthuav qhov tseeb txog qhov khoom plig siab tshaj

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Kev xaj hauv Soviet Union tau suav tias yog lub xeev cov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws. Txoj hauj lwm no tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab Federation. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus xav paub txog kev faib khoom ntawm kev txiav txim thiab khoom plig ntawm USSR raws li qhov tseem ceeb. Cia peb nthuav tawm cov npe, ntxiv rau nws nrog qhov tseeb nthuav txog qhov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws Soviet.

Yam no yog dab tsi

Kev txiav txim hauv USSR yog lub xeev cov khoom plig, uas txhawb nqa ib tus pej xeem rau kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb thiab ua tiav rau tib neeg thiab lub xeev: kev tiv thaiv ntawm Fatherland, kev vam meej hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws, thiab lwm yam.

Thaum faib cov lus txib ntawm USSR raws li lawv qhov tseem ceeb, nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov tias muaj 20 qhov khoom plig tau pom zoo. Tsuas yog cov qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb dua:

• Hero of the USSR.
• Hero of Socialist Labor.
• "Hero City" (rau kev sib hais haum).
• "Hero Fortress" (rau cov ntsiab lus tiv thaiv).
• "Niam-vaj ntxwv" yog ib lub npe muab rau poj niam muaj menyuam ntau.

Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov saum toj no, 55 qhov khoom plig tseem ceeb tau pom zoo, nrog rau 19 lub npe qhuasLub xeev Soviet.

Qee txoj cai ntawm Soviet xaj

Ua ntej peb rhuav tshem cov lus txib ntawm USSR los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, cia peb paub txog ntau yam tseem ceeb thiab nthuav txog lawv:

• Ob qhov kev txiav txim thiab khoom plig tsuas yog pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Soviet Armed Forces (Supreme Council).
• Daim ntawv thov rau qhov khoom plig tsuas yog tuaj ntawm lub xeev cov qauv (chaw haujlwm, pawg thawj coj saib xyuas, haujlwm), cov koom haum pej xeem thiab tog, cov thawj coj ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov thawj coj ntawm cov tuam txhab.
• Kev txiav txim siab rau qhov khoom plig tsuas yog coj los ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm USSR. Nws tus kheej tau ua rau nws sawv cev thiab rau nws (tus Thawj Tswj Hwm) sawv cev. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, lub luag haujlwm muaj koob meej tau raug xa mus rau cov tub ceev xwm - los ntawm tus thawj coj tub rog mus rau tus thawj coj hauv ntej.
• Txoj cai rau hnav xaj tau tsim los ntawm Kev Txiav Txim Siab ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm.
• Rau ntau yam ua, Thawj Tswj Hwm tuaj yeem tshem tawm ib tus neeg ntawm lub xeev qhov khoom plig muab rau nws.
• Kev txiav txim tau txais tsis yog rau tib neeg nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov koom pheej, nroog, thiab cheeb tsam. Tab sis qhov khoom plig tsuas yog muab rau tib neeg xwb.
• Yog tias qhov kev txiav txim muaj ntau qib, ces qhov khoom plig yuav tsum maj mam mus - los ntawm qhov qis tshaj mus rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
• Yog tias qhov kev txiav txim tsis tau muab faib ua qib, lawv tuaj yeem kos tib tus neeg, nroog, chav tub rog, thiab lwm yam. ob peb zaug.
• Kev txiav txim tuaj yeem hnav ob qho tib si ntawm qhov thaiv thiab tsis muaj nws. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tsis yog qhov khoom plig nws tus kheej, nws tau tso cai txuas nws lub bar xwb.

Type of orders

Ntxiv rau kev faib cov lus txib ntawm USSR raws li lawv qhov tseem ceeb,ua lawv cov gradation rau hauv pawg hauv qab no:

• Khoom plig rau kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev tiv thaiv ntawm Fatherland, kev loj hlob ntawm kev phooj ywg thoob ntiaj teb, ntxiv dag zog rau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam rau lub tebchaws Soviet.
• Kev Ua Tub Rog Merit.
• khoom plig rau cov niam tsev ua yeeb yam - rau kev yug thiab yug menyuam.

Kev txiav txim ntawm USSR nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm qhov tseem ceeb

Cia peb saib cov txheej txheem qeb duas tshiab tshaj plaws rau cov khoom plig no hauv keeb kwm - muab rau xyoo 1988. Yog li, cov lus txib ntawm USSR hais txog qhov tseem ceeb (cov duab ntawm lub ncauj lus kuj tau muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm no) - los ntawm cov khoom plig tshaj plaws rau cov hluas:

• Im. Lenin
• Red October Revolution.
• Red Banner.
• Suvorov 1st degree.
• Ushakov 1st class
• Kutuzov 1st class
• Nakhimov 1st Art.
• B. Khmelnytsky 1st Art.
• Next - Suvorov, Ushakov, Kutuzov, Nakhimov, B. Khmelnitsky 2nd Art.
• Tam sim no - Suvorov, Kutuzov, B. Khmelnitsky 3rd century
• A. Nevsky.
• Great Patriotic War 1st Art.
• Great Patriotic War 2nd Art.
• Labour Red Banner.
• kev phooj ywg ntawm tib neeg.
• Red Star.
• Kev pabcuam rau Niam Tebchaws hauv Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm Soviet Union 1st class
• Kev pabcuam rau Niam Tebchaws hauv Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm Soviet Union 2nd class
• Kev pabcuam rau Niam Tebchaws hauv Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, 3rd chav
• Hnub.
• rau tus kheej ua siab loj.
• Glory 1st Art.
• Glory 2nd Art.
• Glory 3rd Art.
• Kev Ua Yeeb Yam 1st Art.
• Kev Ua Haujlwm Hwjchim 2nd Art.
• Lab zog Glory 3rd Art.

Peb tam sim no paub txog kev faib khoom ntawm USSR raws li qhov tseem ceeb. Tom ntej no, peb xav kom koj xa mus rau qhov kev txiav txim raws sijhawm ntawm lawv qhov chaw tsim khoom.

20-30s

Cov khoom plig hauv qab no tau qhia thaum lub sijhawm no:

• ntawm Red Banner (1924) - ntau dua 581 txhiab muab khoom plig. Thawj ntawm xws li Soviet khoom plig. Qhov kev txiav txim tau muab rau qhov ua siab loj tshwj xeeb, lub siab tawv ntawm tus tiv thaiv ntawm lub xeev.
• ntawm Red Banner of Labor (1928) - ntau dua 1,224 txhiab muab khoom plig. Kev txiav txim rau kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim khoom, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev tshawb fawb, kab lis kev cai, thiab lwm yam.
• Lenin (1930) - ntau dua 431 txhiab muab khoom plig. Rau kev txhawb nqa kev tsim txiaj, kev tiv thaiv ntawm Fatherland, kev loj hlob ntawm kev phooj ywg thoob ntiaj teb, kev siv zog ua haujlwm.
• Lub Hnub Qub Liab (1930) - ntau dua 3,876 txhiab muab khoom plig. Order of Military Merit, Lub Xeev Security.
• Honour (1935) - ntau dua 1,580 khoom plig. Rau kev ua tiav zoo hauv kev tsim khoom, kev ua si, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev sib raug zoo.

40s

Feem ntau ntawm cov xaj tau mob siab rau kev ua tsis txawj tuag ntawm cov neeg Soviet thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob:

• Great Patriotic 1-2 degree (1942) - ntau dua 9, 175 lab muab khoom plig. Rau kev ruaj khov, ua siab loj thiab ua siab loj hauv kev tawm tsam Nazis.
• Suvorov 1-3 degree (1942) - ntau dua 7 txhiab khoom plig. Nws tau muab khoom plig rau cov thawj coj tub rog zoo, nrog rau cov tub rog.
• Kutuzov 1-3 degrees (1942-1943) - ntau dua 7, 2 txhiab muab khoom plig. Rau qhov khoom pligcov thawj coj tau qhia, uas tau los ua nto moo rau kev tsim lub phiaj xwm kev sib ntaus sib tua, vim tias nws muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab nrog kev poob qis ntawm lawv feem.
• Alexander Nevsky (1942) - ntau dua 42, 1 txhiab muab khoom plig. Muab khoom plig rau cov tub ceev xwm rau kev teeb tsa thiab ua haujlwm ua tub rog zoo.
• B. Khmelnytsky 1-3 degree (1943) - ntau dua 8.4 txhiab khoom plig. Kev txiav txim rau cov neeg tua rog, cov neeg koom siab thiab cov thawj coj uas tau ua siab loj thiab kev txiav txim siab hauv kev kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab.
• "Kev yeej" (1943) - 20 khoom plig. Qhov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws tub rog ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Stalin, Rokossovsky, Zhukov, Konev, Vasilevsky thiab lwm tus tau txais txiaj ntsig.
• Glory 1-3 degree (1943) - ntau dua 1,046 lab muab khoom plig. Tub Ceev Xwm Order - rau cov neeg ntiag tug, thawj coj thiab tub ceev xwm uas tau qhia lawv tus kheej kom ua siab tawv thiab ua siab loj sib ntaus.
• Ushakov 1-2 degree (1944) - 241 khoom plig. Soviet naval xaj.
• Nakhimov 1-2 degree (1944) - 551 khoom plig. Order for awarding officer of the navy.
• "Niam-vaj ntxwv" (rau kev yug me nyuam thiab yug dua 10 tus me nyuam), Order of Maternal Glory (rau yug thiab loj hlob ntawm 7, 8, 9 tus me nyuam) 1-3 degrees (1944) - kwv yees li 5.4 lab muab khoom plig.

60-80s

Xeem xaj tau pom zoo hauv USSR:

• Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Tsov Rog (1967) - ntau dua 106 txhiab khoom plig. Qhov thib ob hauv qhov tseem ceeb tom qab Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lenin rau ntau hom kev ua tiav.
• Nkauj Ntseeg Vajtswv (1972) - ntau tshaj 72,7 txhiab muab khoom plig.
• Lub Zog Ua Haujlwm 1-3 degree(1974) - ntau dua 700 txhiab muab khoom plig.
• Rau kev pabcuam rau Niam Txiv nyob rau qib ntawm Soviet Cov Tub Rog 1-3 degrees (1974) - ntau dua 70 txhiab muab khoom plig.
• Rau tus kheej ua siab loj (1988) - ntau dua 600 khoom plig.

Tam sim no koj paub txog yuav ua li cas cov tub rog xaj ntawm USSR raug faib raws li qhov tseem ceeb. Peb kuj taug qab keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom plig no.