Nasdaq Tshuag Txauv - cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov xwm txheej thiab tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Txhua tus uas tau hnov cov lus hais txog nyiaj txiag ntawm cov xov xwm, lossis leej twg tau ua lag luam tus kheej, paub tias muaj qhov chaw hu ua kev sib pauv khoom lag luam. Ib qho ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog NASDAQ. Ntawm no tib neeg yuav thiab muag lawv cov peev txheej ntawm cov tuam txhab sau npe rau nws.

Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb tus neeg xav txog qhov kev sib pauv khoom lag luam ua haujlwm li cas. Cov tshuab computer muaj kev ruaj ntseg heev yog siv los pauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom. Nws kuj teev cov nqi qhib thiab kaw. Kab lus no tau sim muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam kev pabcuam thiab cov txheej txheem uas cov kev hloov pauv no tau ua tiav ntawm NASDAQ Tshuag lag luam.

Cov khoom lag luam tuaj qhov twg? Lawv yog cov tuam txhab teev npe ntawm Nasdaq pauv. Yog tias lub tuam txhab sib koom ua lag luam xav ua pej xeem, nws xaiv lub lag luam uas nws yuav muag nws cov khoom. Ntau txhiab lub tuam txhab tau xaiv NASDAQ.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

NASDAQ ("Nasdaq") yog kev sib pauv khoom lag luam uas tso cai rau cov tub ua lag luam los yuav thiab muag cov koom nrogsiv lub tshuab computer tsis siv neeg, pob tshab thiab ceev ceev. Cov lus luv uas ua rau nws lub npe tau sawv cev rau National Association of Stock Dealers Automatic Quotation, tsim nyob rau xyoo 1971. Lub NASD tau muab lwm txoj hauv kev rau nws tus kheej cov nyiaj ntsuab pauv uas ua rau cov neeg ua lag luam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab qeeb.

Composition

NASDAQ tam sim no muaj kwv yees li 3,200 cov tuam txhab lag luam tawm lag luam thiab yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev sib pauv khoom lag luam (los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm kev ruaj ntseg) thiab cov lag luam hluav taws xob loj tshaj plaws. Nws ua lag luam cov khoom lag luam ntawm ntau hom kev lag luam, suav nrog cov hauv kev tsim khoom, cov neeg siv khoom ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj zog, lub zog, nyiaj txiag, kev kho mob, thev naus laus zis, kev thauj mus los thiab kev siv hluav taws xob. Tab sis feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, kev sib pauv yog paub txog nws cov khoom siv high-tech.

Yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv NASDAQ, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem nyiaj txiag tshwj xeeb. Lawv yuav tsum tswj hwm tus nqi sib faib tsawg kawg yog $ 1, thiab lawv qhov ntim tau zoo yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog $ 1.1 lab. Rau cov tuam txhab me tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev cai nyiaj txiag no, muaj NASDAQ Small Caps. Kev sib pauv pauv pauv cov neeg koom ntawm ib lub lag luam mus rau lwm qhov raws li kev hloov pauv hauv lawv cov xwm txheej.

Kev lag luam

NASDAQ Electronic Stock Exchange tsis muaj kev lag luam tiagqhov chaw. Nws yog lub khw muag khoom, yog li cov neeg ua lag luam yuav thiab muag cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam es tsis yog ncaj qha los ntawm ib leeg. Tus tsim lag luam yog tswv thiab ua haujlwm ib yam khoom ntawm kev nyab xeeb tuav hauv nws cov nyiaj pauv nyiaj. Thaum ib tug broker xav yuav shares, lawv ua li ntawd ncaj qha los ntawm tus tsim lag luam.

Thaum NASDAQ nyuam qhuav pib, kev lag luam tau ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm thiab hauv xov tooj. Niaj hnub no, kev yuav thiab muag ntawm kev sib pauv khoom lag luam yog ua tiav siv cov tshuab ua lag luam uas muaj kev lag luam tag nrho thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm txhua hnub. Kev ua lag luam tsis siv neeg kuj tseem muaj kev ua lag luam tsis siv neeg raws li cov khoom lag luam teeb tsa los ntawm tus tub luam.

Kev lag luam ntim

Tus nqi pauv Nasdaq tau qis dua li lwm lub khw lag luam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws commission yog 150 txhiab US dollars. Tus nqi qis no tso cai rau ntau yam tshiab, loj hlob sai thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv.

Txawm hais tias New York Tshuag Txauv tseem suav tias yog kev lag luam loj dua vim tias nws cov peev txheej lag luam loj dua, NASDAQ qhov kev lag luam ntim tau siab dua lwm qhov kev sib pauv hauv Asmeskas, txog li 1.8 billion kev lag luam ib hnub.

Cov ntaub ntawv qhia

Tsis muaj lub cev ua lag luam hauv pem teb, Nasdaq tau tsim MarketSite hauv Manhattan's Times Square los tsim kom muaj qhov pom tseeb. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud loj ntawm tus pej thuam muab cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no 24 teev hauv ib hnub.cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj txiag. NASDAQ Tshuag Txauv teev yog hnub Monday txog Friday, 9:30 teev sawv ntxov txog 4:00 teev tsaus ntuj THIAB, tsis suav nrog cov hnub so loj.

Indices

Zoo li txhua qhov kev sib pauv khoom lag luam, Nasdaq siv qhov ntsuas lossis cov khoom lag luam uas siv los tsim cov duab ntawm lub khw. NYSE muab Dow Jones Industrial Nruab Nrab (DJIA) ua qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb, thaum NASDAQ muab NASDAQ Composite thiab NASDAQ 100.

Yog tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi ntawm ntau dua 3,000 cov khoom lag luam, ces DJIA qhia txog qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab poob ntawm 30 lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws. Thawj ntawm cov no feem ntau tsuas yog xa mus los ntawm lub npe ntawm kev sib pauv thiab feem ntau hais los ntawm cov neeg sau xov xwm nyiaj txiag thiab cov neeg sau xov xwm.

LubNASDAQ 100 yog lub peev txheej-hloov kho qhov ntsuas ntawm 100 lub tuam txhab saum toj kawg nkaus teev nyob rau hauv NASDAQ. Lawv suav nrog ntau yam kev lag luam, txawm hais tias qhov loj tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam txog technology. Txhua xyoo, cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem suav nrog lossis tshem tawm ntawm NASDAQ 100 raws li lawv tus nqi.

Ob qhov ntsuas suav nrog ob qho tib si Asmeskas thiab tsis yog Asmeskas kev lag luam. Qhov no txawv lawv ntawm lwm qhov kev ntsuas loj vim tias DJIA tsis suav nrog cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws.

NASDAQ Keeb Kwm

Founded los ntawm National Association of Securities Dealers, NASDAQ Exchange qhib rau lub Ob Hlis 8, 1971. Lub ntiaj teb thawj lub khw muag khoom hluav taws xob tau pib nrog ntau dua 2,500 yam tsis muaj paj laum. Thaum ntawdThaum lub sijhawm, NASDAQ yog tsab ntawv xov xwm hluav taws xob. Thaum xub thawj, tsis muaj kev lag luam tiag tiag ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom. Hloov chaw, kev sib pauv tau ua rau muaj feem ntawm cov tub lag luam los ntawm kev nqaim qhov sib kis ntawm qhov kev thov thiab nug tus nqi ntawm cov shares.

Vim nws qhov kev siv thev naus laus zis siab, NASDAQ Composite tau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm dot-com npuas thaum xyoo 1990, poob los ntawm ntau dua 5,000 mus rau qis dua 1,200 cov ntsiab lus. Lwm cov hnub tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev sib pauv yog raws li hauv qab no:

• 1975 - NASDAQ tsim cov IPO niaj hnub no (pib pub rau pej xeem), sau npe cov peev txheej txhawb nqa cov tuam txhab thiab tso cai rau cov koom ua lag luam ua lag luam ua lag luam.
• 1985 - NASDAQ-100 tau tsim.
• 1996 - Thawj lub vev xaib www.nasdaq.com launched.
• 1998 - NASDAQ koom ua ke nrog Asmeskas Tshuag Txauv los tsim NASDAQ-AMEX pawg lag luam. AMEX tau txais los ntawm NYSE Euronext hauv 2008 thiab nws cov ntaub ntawv tau muab tso rau hauv NYSE.
• 2000 - Cov tswv cuab sib pauv tau pov npav rau nws qhov kev txhim kho thiab hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub tuam txhab qhib kev sib koom ua lag luam NASDAQ Tshuag Lag Luam, Inc.
• 2007 - xyoo ntawm kev nrhiav tau ntawm Swedish nyiaj txiag tuam txhab OMX thiab hloov lub npe rau NASDAQ OMX Group. Tib lub sijhawm, Boston Tshuag Txauv tau yuav.
• 2008 Tau txais qhov qub tshaj plaws Philadelphia Tshuag Txauv hauv Asmeskas.
• 2009 cim qhov kev lag luam tawm thawj lub vev xaib ntawm nasdaq.com.

Kev Pabcuam

Feem ntau, rau kev ua haujlwmTshuag pauv yuav tsum tau 3 cais Cheebtsam:

• interface yog qhov tso cai rau cov neeg ua lag luam thiab cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam nkag mus rau kev lag luam;
• Tshawb nrhiav cov ntawv txiav txim - lub khoos phis tawj uas txuas cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom thaum lawv tus nqi sib tw;
• quote kev pabcuam - muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nqe lus rau kev yuav thiab muag kev sib koom.

Tau kawg, muaj ntau lwm yam kev pabcuam muab hauv kev sib pauv, suav nrog MarketSite tshaj tawm, khaws cia thiab thaub qab. Tab sis peb qhov kev pabcuam tau piav qhia saum toj no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntau ntxiv.

Secrets of the American Stock Exchange NASDAQ

Ntawm peb qhov kev pauv pauv loj, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog qhov kev pabcuam hais. Tus nqi Tshuag pauv hloov txhua hnub thiab txhua thib ob. Thiab tib neeg thoob plaws ntiaj teb xav ua raws li lawv lub sijhawm. Cov tuam txhab xav muab cov lus qhia rau lawv cov neeg siv khoom, thiab cov tuam txhab xov xwm xav qhia lawv thaum lawv cov kev pab cuam. Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau no, Nasdaq sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus nqi tsis ntev los no tshaj tawm ntawm kev sib pauv lub khoos phis tawj, uas tso cai rau koj pom tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav counterbid, thiab tom qab ntawd xa cov ntaub ntawv no thoob ntiaj teb.

Cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom pauv hluav taws xob nrog lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau pua lub khoos phis tawj (ib qho rau txhua tus broker) tau pub rau hauv NASDAQ system. Tom qab ntawd cov kev hloov pauv tau ua tiav los ntawm qhov program rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntawv txiav txim,uas nyob rau hauv lub Nasdaq pauv yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug heev txhim khu kev qha computer. Nov yog qhov kev ua lag luam tiag tiag tshwm sim.

piv txwv ua haujlwm

Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los xav txog yuav ua li cas NASDAQ ua haujlwm yog xav txog cov piv txwv hauv qab no. Piv txwv tias ABC tau sau npe rau ntawm nws. Lub kaw lus retrieval khaws tag nrho cov kev twv tsis txaus siab hais txog nws. Wb hais tias 3 tus neeg xav muag lawv cov khoom. Lawv tso lawv cov xaj uas lawv qhia tias muaj pes tsawg feem thiab ntawm tus nqi uas lawv xav muag lawv:

• Client 1: Muag 50 shares ntawm $15.40.
• Client 2: Muag 200 shares ntawm $15.25.
• Client 3: Muag 100 shares ntawm $15.20.

xav tias lwm 4 tus neeg xav yuav kev ncaj ncees hauv ABC. Lawv tso lawv cov xaj nrog tus lej thiab tus nqi sib koom.

• Client A: Kuv yuav 100 shares ntawm $15.15.
• Tus neeg siv khoom B: Kuv yuav 200 tawm ntawm $ 15.10.
• Customer B: Kuv yuav 150 shares ntawm $15.00.
• Client D: Yuav 75 shares ntawm $14.95.

Tsis muaj kev sib tw tam sim no. Tus nqi muag qis tshaj plaws yog $ 15.20 thiab qhov kev yuav khoom siab tshaj plaws yog $ 15.15. Qhov txawv ntawm tus nqi muag yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab tus nqi yuav khoom siab tshaj plaws yog hu ua kev sib kis. Raws li txoj cai, rau cov khoom lag luam nrov nws yog 1-2 xees. Thaum cov kev nyab xeeb tau pauv hauv cov ntim me me, tus nqi ntawm kev sib kis tuaj yeem loj dua. Vim yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi, cov kev sib tw no yuav ua haujlwm kom txog thaum lawv muajyuav txaus siab.

xav tias tus neeg siv khoom A sau npe qhov kev thov tshiab. Nws xav yuav 50 shares rau $15.25. Hloov chaw, nws yuav tau txais cov neeg siv khoom 3 qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm $ 15.20 vim tias qhov ntawd yog tus nqi qis tshaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov neeg muag khoom. Lub 100 shares uas muag rau $ 15.20 yuav muab faib - 50 yuav nyob twj ywm thiab 50 seem yuav kaw qhov kev sib pauv. Cov neeg 3 zoo siab vim nws tau txais tus nqi uas nws xav tau, thiab cov neeg siv khoom A zoo siab vim nws tau txais luv nqi me me.

Nyob hauv kaw

Lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav qhov kev sib tw ua qhov no rau ntau txhiab tus npe sib koom ntawm NASDAQ Tshuag pauv, thiab ntau lab kev lag luam tau ua tiav txhua hnub. Thaum pom qhov kev pom zoo, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb cav yuav raug xa rov qab mus rau tus neeg yuav khoom thiab tus muag khoom tus neeg muag khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem raug xa mus rau cov ntawv sau cia kom txhua tus neeg xav pom muaj dab tsi tshwm sim.

Tau kawg, qhov no yog qhov kev piav qhia yooj yim heev. Qhov tseeb, vim muaj coob tus neeg koom nrog kev lag luam, ntau txhiab lub khoos phis tawj thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua kom lub kaw lus khiav, ua cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev sai.