SU-152 - tus neeg tua rog ntawm Nazi menagerie

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28

Lub Wehrmacht nkag mus rau Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II uas tsuas yog siv lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam xwb. Lawv tau txaus los tsim kev tawg sai thiab flanking maneuvers yam ntxwv ntawm xob laim tsov rog ntawm 1939, 1940 thiab 1941. Cov tub rog ntawm cov teb chaws uas poob raug tsim txom los ntawm Hitler kev ua phem tau ua tub rog nrog cov tshuab ntawm tib chav kawm, thiab feem ntau phem dua.

Cov Germans hla ciam teb ntawm USSR nrog tib lub arsenal, suav nrog cov tankettes, tso tsheb hlau luam T-I, T-II thiab T-III. T-Kuv tsuas yog siv rab phom tshuab xwb, lwm hom tsheb armored muaj phom me me.

Qhov tseeb tias cov tub rog Wehrmacht tau tshwm sim los ntsib hauv thawj lub tank sib ntaus sib tua ntawm thaj chaw Soviet ua rau lawv xav tsis thoob. Cov qauv raug ntes ntawm "peb caug-plaub" thiab KV tau nce ntau tshaj txhua yam uas Panzerwaffe rog tau muab pov tseg. Kev ua haujlwm tau pib sai sai ntawm kev txhim kho nrawm ntawm cov phom tus kheej thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam hnyav uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tsheb hnyav nruab nrab ntawm Soviet armed nrog rab phom ntev 75-caliber.

Keeb kwm ntawm SU-152 tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw riam phom dav dav uas tau mus thoob plaws xyoo tsov rog. Qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no tsis pom, nws tau tawm tsamengineers ntawm lub teb chaws sib ntaus sib tua, sawv tom qab daim duab kos duab, ua kev suav ntawm cov cai swb.

Tsis pub dhau ob xyoos, cov neeg German tau tsim tag nrho "zoo" uas muaj "tiger", "tso", "panthers" thiab txawm tias "nas", txawm li cas los xij, loj heev. Rau tag nrho lawv cov kev tsim tsis zoo, thiab qee zaum vices, cov hnyav hnyav no muaj qhov zoo dua: lawv tuaj yeem raug ntaus armored lub hom phiaj los ntawm qhov ntev.

Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv tau teeb tsa txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg tsim qauv Soviet: tsim kom muaj rab phom uas muaj peev xwm ua kom puas tsuaj cov yeeb ncuab tsheb uas muaj cov cuab yeej muaj zog thiab tsis txhob cia peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam ze rau lawv. Cov ntaub ntawv tau tso siab rau TsKB-2 (Central Design Bureau), coj los ntawm Lieutenant Colonel Kotin. Pab pawg engineering twb muaj ib qho kev ua haujlwm hauv av, thoob plaws xyoo 1942 lawv tau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project ntawm lub tank tshiab, thiab lub chassis tag nrho twb tau npaj lawm. Nws tseem nyob rau nruab ML-20 howitzer ntawm 152.4 hli caliber rau nws. Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm cov phom no, lub Soviet self-propelled phom SU-152 tau txais nws lub npe me me. Txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav hauv 25 hnub.

Soviet thev naus laus zis ntshai tus yeeb ncuab tsis yog lub npe loj, tab sis nrog nws txoj haujlwm txaus ntshai. Yuav luag ib nrab-centner projectile tshuav lub muzzle ntawm lub chim ntawm ib tug monstrous ceev ntawm 600 m / s, xa mus rau ib tug deb ntawm 2 km. Lub howitzer tuaj yeem tua tsis tau tsuas yog armor-piercing, tab sis kuj muaj cov tawg tawg tawg thiab cov mos txwv pob zeb, uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev siv hauv kev ua tub rog tawm tsam. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau tso cov thaj chaw uas cov yeeb ncuab nyob, tawg mus rau hauv cov kab fortified, rhuav tshem cov pillboxes, suppressCov roj teeb phom loj, thiab rau qhov no SU-152 phom tus kheej tau siv tau zoo heev.

Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kursk tau dhau los ua thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua loj uas St. John's Wort tau koom nrog. Ntxiv nrog rau nws txoj kev xaiv, lub tsheb tseem tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus, txawm li cas los xij, tsis raug cai. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog, cov Nazi menagerie tau hnov qhov muaj cov tshuab tshiab Soviet, raws li lawv hais, hauv lawv cov tawv nqaij.

Raws li lub tank rhuav tshem, SU-152 ua pov thawj tau zoo heev. Kev ntaus "Tiger" lossis "Panther" tshuav tsis muaj txoj hauv kev muaj sia nyob rau cov cuab yeej siv lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm - cov tub rog hnyav hnyav tsuas ya tawm kaum tawm meters. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj teeb meem, feem ntau yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov kev pom tsis tau muab qhov tseeb tsim nyog rau kev lees paub ntaus.

Kev txhawb nqa rau kev ua haujlwm tawm tsam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws, thiab Soviet self-propelled phom SU-152 tiv nrog txoj haujlwm no zoo kawg nkaus. Nws tus nqi hluav taws yuav zoo li tsawg (tsuas yog ob zaug ib feeb), tab sis ib tug yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub peculiarity ntawm ib rab phom howitzer nrog ib tug cais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cartridge thiab projectile.

rab phom hnyav tsis tuaj yeem nruab rau hauv lub turret, tab sis lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib hloov (12 ° nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia) yog txaus rau aiming ntawm ob qho tib si kaw thiab qhib txoj hauj lwm.

SU-152 phom tus kheej tau koom nrog hauv cua daj cua dub ntawm Berlin. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis tau tsim los rau txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua, lawv cov caliber yog ib qho kev sib cav muaj zog heev rau kev tso siab rau.