2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:28
Raws li ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb, Czech txiaj tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv sau ntawv thiab npib. Txawm hais tias Czech koom pheej yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm European Union, lub euro tsis tshua txais raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm kev them nyiaj nyob rau hauv Czech koom haum. Hloov chaw, Czechs siv lawv tus kheej txiaj, hu ua kroon, uas yog luv li CZK lossis Kč.
Ua ntej lub tebchaws tawg rau xyoo 1993, Czechoslovak koruna tau ncig, tab sis tom qab Czechoslovakia faib thiab cov nyiaj rau Bohemia, Moravia thiab Slovakia tau muab faib, koruna tau dhau los ua daim ntawv them nyiaj tshiab rau cov neeg Czech.
History of Czech nyiaj
Ntau tus hais tias Czech lub kaus mom yog thawj qhov kev tswj hwm tus txiaj ntsig tau qhia tom qab kev ywj pheej ntawm cov teb chaws yav dhau los ntawm Czechoslovakia. Tab sis krone keeb kwm hnub rov qab mus rau 1800s, thaum nyiaj, hu ua krone hauv German thiab koruna hauv Bohemia, tau qhia ua thawj lub txiaj ntsig kub hauv Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Lub Czech crown tau tawm ntawm kev ncig ntawm 1939 thiab 1945 vim yog txoj haujlwm ntawm German Reich. Nwsnres siv, thiab hauv Czech koom pheej lawv pib siv Reichsmark. Tab sis tom qab kev ywj pheej ntawm lub teb chaws, lub kaus mom rov qab los.
Kaum ob daim ntawv ntawm krone yog tam sim no siv: rau lub txhab nyiaj thiab rau lub npib ntawm Czech koom pheej, txhua tus muaj lub ntsiab lus sib txawv. Muaj banknotes ntawm 100, 200, 500, 1000 thiab 2000 crowns nyob rau hauv kev. Kuj tseem muaj 5000 daim ntawv, tab sis nws tsis tshua siv.
Czech npib, qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov nce raws li kev loj hlob ntawm lawv cov nqi, muaj cov npe ntawm 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 thiab 50 crowns. Txhua ntawm lawv tam sim no siv tau tsim los ntawm Czech architects thiab sculptors. Daim duab ntawm Czech npib qhia tau hais tias txhua tus ntawm lawv zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Kuj tseem muaj ob peb qhov tshwj xeeb thiab cim nco txog nyiaj npib uas muaj nqis heev.
Txog xyoo 2008, cov Czechs kuj tau siv cov npib hloov me me hu ua hellers (haléř lossis hellers), tab sis lawv tau ploj mus los ntawm kev ncig.
Lo lus "heller" yog siv los xa mus rau ib lub npib uas yog 1/100 krone hauv Czech koom pheej (Czech Crown) thiab Slovakia (Slovak Crown) thiab nyob rau hauv lub qub Czechoslovakia (Czechoslovak Crown).
Txhua Czech txiaj yog muab los ntawm Central Bank of Czech Republic (CNB).
ib lub kaus
Tus npib Czech no (2 CZK) yog ua los ntawm cov hlau npib tsib xee. Minted hauv 1993 ntawm Royal Canadian Mint Winnipeg, thiab txij li xyoo 1994 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Txoj Kev -Khoom siv: galvanized steel nrog npib tsib xee, sib nqus; puag ncig zoo li; hnyav 3.6g, txoj kab uas hla (D) 20mm, thickness (s) 1.85mm; milling ntug nrog 80 grooves; Kev kam rau ua: nickel ntsiab lus -0.5%, hnyav ± 0.15g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.13mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Yarmila Trukhlikova-Spavakova.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej - daim duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav.
- Nyob rau sab rov qab yog lub denomination saum toj no daim duab ntawm lub crown ntawm St. Wenceslas.
ob lub kaus
No Czech npib (2 CZK) kuj yog ua los ntawm nickel-plated steel. Minted hauv 1993 thiab 1994 ntawm Royal Canadian Mint hauv Winnipeg, thiab txij li xyoo 1994 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Yam ntxwv - khoom siv: galvanized steel nrog npib tsib xee, sib nqus; 11-sab; hnyav 3.7 g, D - 21.5 mm, s - 1.85 mm; ntug yog puag ncig thiab yooj yim; Kev kam rau ua: nickel ntsiab lus -0.5%, hnyav ± 0.15g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.13mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Yarmila Trukhlikova-Spavakova.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej - daim duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav.
- Nyob rau sab rov qab - pawg ntseeg nyob ib sab ntawm lub loj Moravian pearl.
tsib lub kaus
Czech 5 CZK npib kuj yog ua los ntawm cov hlau npib tsib xee, tab sis me ntsis loj dua cov npib dhau los. Minted hauv 1993 thiab 1994 ntawm Royal Canadian Mint Winnipeg, thiab txij li xyoo 1994 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Yam ntxwv - khoom siv: galvanized steel nrog npib tsib xee, sib nqus; puag ncig zoo li; qhov hnyav 4.8 g, inch 23 mm,thickness 1.85 hli; ntug du; Kev kam rau ua: nickel ntsiab lus -0.5%, hnyav ± 0.15g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.13mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Jiří Harkuba.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej muaj ib daim duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav.
- Nyob rau sab nraud - lub denomination tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov duab stylized ntawm Charles Choj thiab tus dej Vltava; cov nplooj txiv qaub ntawm tus choj cim ib lub yees ntawm tus choj.
kaum crowns
10 CZK npib yog ua los ntawm cov hlau galvanized. Tshaj tawm rau hauv kev lag luam txij lub Tsib Hlis 12, 1993; Xyoo 1995 hloov kho nyob rau hauv kev xa tawm txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, 2011. Ib tug 2000 version ntawm lub npib kuj tau raug tso tawm. Minted hauv 1993 ntawm Hamburg Mint hauv Hamburg thiab txij li xyoo 1994 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Yam ntxwv - khoom siv: galvanized steel nrog tooj liab, sib nqus; puag ncig zoo li; hnyav 7.62 g, txoj kab uas hla 24.5 hli, thickness 2.55 hli; milling ntug nrog 144 grooves; Kev kam rau ua: nickel cov ntsiab lus -1%, hnyav ± 0.25g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.05mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Ladislav Kozak.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej muaj ib daim duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav.
- Nyob rau sab thim rov qab yog pawg ntseeg tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm Petrov National Monument hauv Brno.
- Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv - sab pem hauv ntej tau hloov pauv, tus tsim qauv pib tau txav mus; nyob rau hauv thawj version lawv nyob rau sab laug ntawm tus loj nominal tooj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tshiab version lawv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qab ntug ntawm lub npib.
Ntseeg crowns
20 CZK npib kuj muaj ob hom. Ob leeg yog them nrog tooj dag steel. Ntawm ib sab, ib yam li tag nrho lwm cov npib, lawv muaj lub cimCzech tsov ntxhuav, nyob rau sab nraud yog piav qhia St. Wenceslas, uas caij nws tus nees, zoo ib yam li tus mlom nto moo ntawm Wenceslas Square, nyob rau lwm qhov, ib feem ntawm lub tshuab astronomical yog piav qhia.
1993 version hauv kev ncig txij lub Tsib Hlis 12, 1993, kuj tseem muaj 2000 version, peb 2018 versions. Minted hauv 1993 thiab 1994 ntawm Hamburg Mint thiab txij li xyoo 1995 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Nta - cov khoom siv: steel plated nrog 75% tooj liab thiab 25% zinc alloy thiab electroplated nrog 72% tooj liab thiab 28% zinc alloy; Sib nqus; 13-sab; hnyav 8.43 g, txoj kab uas hla 26 hli, thickness 2.55 hli; nrog puag ncig thiab yooj yim, kam rau ua: alloy cov ntsiab lus ± 1%, hnyav ± 0.25 g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1 hli, thickness ± 0.05 hli. Lub npib uas tau minted txij li xyoo 2012: cov khoom siv: steel plated nrog ib tug alloy ntawm 75% tooj liab thiab 25% zinc thiab electroplated nrog ib tug alloy ntawm 70% tooj liab thiab 30% zinc; Sib nqus; 13-sab; hnyav 8.43 g, txoj kab uas hla 26 hli, thickness 2.55 hli; Kev kam rau ua: alloy ntsiab lus ± 1%, hnyav ± 0.25g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.05mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Vladimir Oppl.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej muaj ib daim duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav.
- Nyob rau sab rov qab - lub denomination nyob ib sab ntawm tus duab ntawm St. Wenceslas, raws li lub monument ntawm Wenceslas Square hauv Prague; nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau yog inscription ntawm no monument.
tsib tsib caug
Tus 50 CZK npib ntawm xyoo 1993 tau nthuav tawm txij lub Plaub Hlis 7, 1993. Minted hauv 1993 thiab 1994 ntawm Hamburg Mint hauv Hamburg thiabXyoo 1995 ntawm Czech Mint hauv Jablonec nad Nisou.
- Yam ntxwv - npib bimetallic; Khoom siv: steel plated thiab galvanized ntawm lub nplhaib nrog tooj liab thiab plated nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrog ib tug alloy ntawm 75% tooj liab thiab 25% zinc; Sib nqus; puag ncig zoo li; hnyav 9.7 g, txoj kab uas hla 27.5 hli (center txoj kab uas hla 17 hli), thickness 2.55 hli; ntug yooj yim; Kev kam rau ua: tooj liab cov ntsiab lus ± 1%, qhov hnyav ± 0.25g, txoj kab uas hla ± 0.1mm, thickness ± 0.05mm.
- Tsim los ntawm sculptor Ladislav Kozak.
- Nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej hauv nruab nrab yog cov duab ntawm Czech tsov ntxhuav, ntawm lub nplhaib yog tus naj npawb ntawm lub ntsej muag.
- Rov qab sab - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog ib pawg ntawm cov tsev uas raug Prague, ntawm lub nplhaib muaj ib tsab ntawv Latin.
Pom zoo:
Keeb kwm ntawm nyiaj txiag. Nyiaj: keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm
Nyiaj yog qhov sib npaug thoob ntiaj teb ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov nyiaj txiag ntawm txhua lub tebchaws. Ua ntej txais yuav qhov zoo li niaj hnub no, lawv tau dhau los ntawm ib-paus xyoo evolution. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas no, koj yuav kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm thawj cov nyiaj, dab tsi theem nws mus dhau thiab nws hloov pauv li cas thaum lub sijhawm
Tus txiv neej nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm: keeb kwm, keeb kwm ntawm kev sib sau thiab ua tswv cuab, kwv yees tus nqi ntawm lub xeev
Ntau tus neeg yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav kom khwv tau txhua lub nyiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis ua tiav hauv kev khaws nyiaj txiag nrog lawv txoj haujlwm. Tab sis muaj lwm pawg neeg. Nyiaj zoo li ntab rau hauv lawv txhais tes los ntawm lawv tus kheej. Cov no suav nrog cov neeg nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, lawv tau nyob txhua lub sijhawm, thiab peb tseem qhuas cov kev vam meej no, sim kawm qee yam muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm lawv qhov kev paub
Keeb Kwm ntawm cov plooj (porcelain): keeb kwm luv ntawm kev txhim kho, hom thiab piav qhia, thev naus laus zis
Cov khoom siv ceramic yog cov khoom qub tshaj plaws los ntawm txhua qhov kev txawj ntse los ntawm tus txiv neej. Txawm tias cov neeg thaum ub tau ua cov khoom siv qub qub rau kev siv tus kheej, yos hav zoov decoys thiab txawm tias cov khoom siv hauv av zoo li lub tsev pheeb suab rau kev ua noj. Tsab ntawv qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm cov plooj (porcelain), nws hom thiab txoj kev tau txais, nrog rau kev faib cov khoom siv no thiab nws txoj hauv kev hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau haiv neeg
Tinker nees yug: piav qhia, keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm thiab duab
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Tus txiaj ntawm Bangladesh. Keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub npe. Qhov tsos ntawm banknotes thiab npib
Tus txiaj ntawm Bangladesh. Keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub npe thiab kev taw qhia ntawm lub monetary unit rau hauv kev. Qhov tsos ntawm banknotes thiab npib
