Tsis pub twg paub txog kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev rau cov pib tshiab

2024 Tus sau: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-17 18:53

Txhua tus tswv ntawm ib hom tsiaj ua liaj ua teb xav paub txog kev siv khoom noj thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau tshaj. Hauv kev lag luam nqaij qaib, kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nrog kev saib xyuas kom zoo thiab khoom noj khoom haus zoo, lub sijhawm fattening ntawm broiler qaib tsuas yog ob lub hlis, thaum feem pua ntawm cov nqaij tawm los yog loj heev. Peb yuav kawm txog yuav ua li cas pib yug qaib, dab tsi lawv yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, hom kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kab lus hauv qab no. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev yuav pab tau tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb nqaij qaib pib.

Keeb Kwm

Txoj kev ntseeg nrov, broiler tsis yog ib hom qaib. Yog li nws yog kev cai hu rau cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj nyeg ntawm cov nqaij qaib thiab cov tsiaj uas loj hlob kom tau cov nqaij pheej yig hauv ntau qhov ntau. Broil hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm lus Askiv txhais tau tias "fry on a spit." Thaum loj hlob broilers hauv tsev, nqaij yog tau los ntawm ib tug qaib ntau tshaj los ntawm ib tug neeg lausnoog ntawm ib hom tsiaj sib txawv, dhau li ntawd, nws muab piv rau qhov zoo.

Thawj broiler qaib tau bred los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb Askiv. Lawv hla ob hom qaib loj thiab tau txais qaib, uas lawv pib hu ua giants thiab xa mus rau ib hom loj dua. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob hauv tsev, tus noog tsis tau yug me nyuam zoo, thiab tom qab ib tiam neeg qaib tau hloov mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

Tsis ntev, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb pom tau tias tau txais qaib loj tsuas yog ua tau raws li kev sib xyaw xwb. Yuav kom tsim tau ib tug noog, cov nqaij qaib hauv qab no feem ntau hla:

• cornish;
• langshan;
• faverol;
• brama;
• Plymouth Rock;
• dorking;

Kev yug me nyuam ntawm broiler nqaij qaib tsuas yog ua tau hauv cov liaj teb tshwj xeeb xwb. Txhua xyoo, breeders tsim ntau thiab ntau dua tshiab hybrid cov ntaub ntawv, lub thiaj li hu ua crosses. Lawv tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv: precocity, siab slaughter hnyav, tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob.

Zoo

Nqaij qaib-broilers piv tau zoo nrog cov menyuam qaib ntawm tib lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov pa tsiaj. Thawj, los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm ib thiab ib nrab lub lis piam, muaj peev xwm nce mus txog 1.5 kilograms ntawm qhov hnyav nyob, thaum zoo tib yam qaib nce tsis ntau tshaj ib nrab ib kilogram. Qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg laus qaib ntawm hybrid breeds ncav cuag 4 kilograms, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm ib co cockerels yog 5.5.

broiler qaib muaj lub cev zoo nkauj, ceg luv thiab tis. Cov noog tsis muaj zog, muaj lub siab tus cwj pwm thiab phlegmatic. Xim feem ntaudawb, zoo li lub plumage ntawm niam txiv.

Productivity

Thaum yug hauv tsev, broilers tsim cov leeg nrawm. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhov hnyav ntawm ib tug noog carcass yog 2 kilograms. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus noog noj zaub mov me me: txog 2-3 pub rau ib kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav. Qe zus nyob rau hauv broiler qaib yog tsim tsis zoo, tab sis lub instinct ntawm niam yog zoo tsim.

Kev ntsuas qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm broilers

Thaum yug me nyuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tsuas yog xaiv cov noog noj qab nyob zoo thiab tiv taus. Crosses ntawm tiam tshiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov respects outperform yav dhau los breeds. Feem ntau cov broiler yug hnub no:

• COBB-500;
• ROSS-308;
• ROSS-708.

Breed of broilers COBB-500

Ib yam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noog no los ntawm lwm hom tsiaj yog xim daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv cov neeg siv khoom lag luam, cov nqaij zoo li no ib txwm xav tau ntau dua. Cov qaib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 lub lis piam ncav cuag qhov hnyav ntawm 2 mus rau 2.5 kilograms thiab tsim nyog rau kev tua. COBB-500 muaj zog tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob, nrog rau 100% ciaj sia taus. Broilers muaj ob txhais ceg loj thiab lub hauv siab dav, uas yog undoubtedly ib qho zoo dua thaum raising broilers rau nqaij nyob rau hauv tsev. Ib qho zoo ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig no tuaj yeem suav hais tias txhua tus noog muaj qhov hnyav thiab qhov siab tib yam.

ROSS-308

Broilers yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev loj hlob hnyav, thaum nruab hnub tus qaib nce txog 60 grams. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai tshwm sim hauv thawj lub lis piamlub neej. Lub cev ntawm cov noog yog xim daj ntseg, tab sis lub mis yog dav thiab nqaij ntau dua li ntawm COBBs. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig no yog lub qe tsim tau zoo.

ROSS-708

Qhov tseeb bred broiler yug nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lwm hom ntoo khaub lig. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm nws qhov tsis txaus ntseeg precocity, ib tug qaib thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis nce mus txog qhov loj me thiab hnyav txog 2.5 kilograms. Cov tawv nqaij xim ntawm cov broilers no zoo ib yam li COBBs, tab sis lawv tsis tas yuav muaj sijhawm kom tau txais qhov ntxoov ntxoo zoo li no.

Ntxhais broilers los ntawm kos tom tsev

Ua ntej koj pib yuav qaib, koj yuav tsum npaj qhov chaw rau lawv kom loj hlob zoo thiab nce qhov hnyav. Thaum cov qaib me me, lub thawv plywood tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li lub tsev rau lawv, cov kev cai tseem ceeb uas yog: tshav kub, lub teeb thiab tsis muaj av noo. Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov qaib laus me ntsis, lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv chav tshwj xeeb npaj.

Yuav qaib nyob qhov twg

Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov pib loj hlob broilers hauv tsev, yuav cov nqaij qaib nkaus xwb ntawm cov nqaij qaib ua liaj ua teb, qhov chaw lawv ua raws li cov qauv kev huv huv thiab saib xyuas tag nrho cov tub ntxhais hluas. Koj tuaj yeem yuav qaib hauv khw, tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, muaj qhov ua tau tias koj yuav tau txais ib tus noog uas tsis zoo lossis tsis muaj menyuam. Thaum yuav qaib, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau tus cwj pwm thiab cov tsos ntawm cov qaib:

• huv plaub;
• Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
• mobile;
• react to suab;
• mob plab.

Plywood lub tsev rau cov menyuam mos yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw sov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tau yuav thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Muab ib daim ntaub sov so hauv qab lub thawv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub pua plag qub. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov ntawv sau. Los ntawm txoj kev, thaum xaiv ib lub thawv, koj yuav tsum paub tias ib tug qaib xav tau thaj tsam ntawm tsawg kawg yog 30 square centimeters. Feem ntau, cov brooders tshwj xeeb yog tsim rau me me me me, uas, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg, yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.

Nyob rau hauv thawj hnub tom qab yug qaib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj teeb pom kev zoo tsis cuam tshuam. Cov noog kuj xav tau lub teeb ultraviolet, yog li yog tias ua tau, nco ntsoov yuav lub teeb zoo li no. Rau qaib, thiab cov neeg laus, qhov ntsuas kub tseem ceeb heev.

Kub kub rau broiler qaib ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv

Hnub nyoog ntawm broilers nyob rau hnub	Qhov kub hauv tsev	Heat cua kub
1-5	+24…+26°C	+33…+34°C
6-12	+22…+23°C	+30…+32°C
13-20	+22…+21°C	+25…+29°C
21-30	+21…+20°C	+22…+23°C
31-63	+19…+11°C	-

Technology rau loj hlob broilers hauv tsev

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev loj hlob nqaij qaib rau nqaij: siv zog thiab ua kom dav. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, qaib txij thaum pib ntawm lub neej yog pub nrog complex compound pub, uas yog npaj tshwj xeeb rau broiler crosses. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov zaub mov zoo li no hauv yuav luag txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj veterinary. Nrog rau txoj kev no, lwm qhov zais cia ntawm kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov txwv ntawm cov noog hauv kev txav. Yog tias koj tau xaiv txoj kev khaws cia no, tom qab ntawd cov noog yuav tsum tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb me me aviaries. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog: yog tias xav tau kev loj hlob ntau ntawm cov qaib yog qhov tsim nyog, siv cov ntsiab lus compacted, qhov nruab nrab tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib square meter ib 12 qaib. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tu qaib yog kev huv ntawm lub tsev qaib. Broiler breeds yog txawv txav rau cov kab mob paug thiab huab cua. Yog tias qaib coop tsis tu tsis tu ncua, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob noog muaj ntau heev, uas thaum kawg tuaj yeem ua rau nws tuag.

Thaum qhov kev tshwm sim thib ob ntawm kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev raug xaiv, pub mis thiab tu lawv txuas ntxiv rau 4 lub hlis hauv lub caij sov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov noog tau noj nrog zaub mov npaj los ntawm lawv tus kheej tes. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov: cov khoom noj tshiab tsis tau qhia rau hauv cov zaub mov hauv ib hnub, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom maj mam. Tag nrho cov mash ntub yuav tsum tau noj los ntawm cov noog hauv 35-40 feeb yog tias tso rau hauv lub coop rau lub sijhawm ntev dua.ua tau souring ntawm cov khoom, insemination los ntawm qe ntawm ntau yam kab.

Ntxuav, qhuav txaj tseem ceeb heev thaum khaws qaib. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog cov noob husk, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm txhua lub tshuab roj. Yog tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, nws raug nquahu kom siv straw, fibrous peat lossis sawdust. Nco ntsoov: tsis pub ntaub ntub dej.

Siv cov khoom noj sib xyaw rau broilers

Rau qhov kev loj hlob ntau dua ntawm cov qaib broiler, pub thiab tu hauv tsev, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem yuav npaj los yog npaj los ntawm koj tus kheej. Cov khoom noj no ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev ntawm broilers. Xws li kev noj haus coj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thawj plaub lub lis piam. Npaj-ua compound pub rau broilers txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab particle loj. Kom yooj yim rau kev nkag siab, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tsim nyog pub yuav muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub rooj.

Cov khoom xyaw, %	Compound pub "Broiler pib", grams	Compound pub "Broiler loj hlob", grams	Compound pub "Broiler tiav", grams
Pas	-	4	5
Sunflower ncuav mog qab zib	8	13, 7	18
pob kws	10	-	19, 8
YChalk, calcium, phosphate	0, 8	0, 33	0, 24
noj ntshav	2	-	-
Nplej	45	40	26
Shell + chalk	1,7	1,67	1,76
S alt	0, 33	0, 3	0, 2
Extruded soybeans	9, 4	24	18
Soybean pluas	16, 8	3	-
Barley	5	12	10

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij phooj ywg sawv daws

Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob thiab pub qaib broiler hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov qaib ntawm tag nrho cov broiler breeds, intensive kev loj hlob yog nteg genetic. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom noj kom tiav thiab zoo nyob rau hauv qhov xav tau kom muaj nuj nqis. Nws ntseeg tau hais tias tus me nyuam pib noj sai dua, qhov ceev ntawm broiler qaib yuav loj hlob. Yog tias thawj hnub ib tus qaib tsis tuaj yeem peck, nws yuav tsum tau pub nrog cov qe thiab cov nplaum uas siv lub pipette.

Ncoloj hlob broilers hauv tsev yog suav tias yog kev noj zaub mov hnyav, uas pib txij thawj hnub. Rau thawj lub lim tiam thiab ib nrab, cov qaib me yog pub rau ntawm ob teev, txog 7-8 zaug hauv ib hnub. Lub sijhawm pub mis yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj rau teev. Rau kev loj hlob zoo hauv kev noj zaub mov ntawm qaib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj cov protein uas yooj yim digestible - mis nyuj, tsev cheese thiab qe boiled. Cov khoom kawg ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsib hnub tuaj yeem muab nrog lub plhaub (crushed). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zaub mov yog maj mam ntxiv nrog pob kws grits thiab crushed nplej. Thiab txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xyoo lawv tau pauv mus rau kev pub mis nrog cov vitamin-grain sib tov:

• pob kws grits - 50%;
• nqaij - 25%;
• barley hmoov - 10%;
• oatmeal - 5%;
• nettle (scalded, boiled) - 10%.

Thaum loj hlob hauv tsev, broiler qaib txij hnub nyoog 15 hnub pib noj nrog cov carrots, nqaij hau, thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib qho ntxiv feeder yog muab tso rau cov ntxhia noj: chalk, pob txha noj mov, crushed shells, gravel.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau noj hauv cov dej ntawm cov qaib, ib tus noog xav tau 40 ml dej. Cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo kom muab cov dej nyoos, nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov nws nrog lub decoction ntawm chamomile lossis qus sawv, uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub plab zom mov ntawm me nyuam qaib. Ib zaug txhua ob hnub, koj tuaj yeem muab dej rhaub nrog ntxiv ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate - txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab mob plab. Cov xim ntawm cov dej zoo li no yuav tsum muaj xim liab dawb. Yog nyobThaum cov nqaij qaib loj hlob, tsis muaj dej txaus, qaib yuav ua rau lub cev qhuav dej, uas, tsis muaj kev kho kom raug, tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tuag. Thaum loj hlob broilers hauv tsev, feem ntau siv peb-theem pub system, uas yog xam raws li hnub nyoog ntawm qaib txij thaum yug mus rau tua.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo li no kim dua li cov khoom noj hauv tsev, tab sis nws txhim kho txhua qhov ntsuas ntawm cov tsiaj txhu loj hlob. Simplifies kev yug me nyuam, pub mis, tswj zaub mov thiab kev saib xyuas tag nrho ntawm broiler. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, xws li pub pab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tsim cov prerequisites rau kev loj hlob sai thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm cov noog. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm qaib, compound pub yog ib qhov chaw ntawm cov protein, rog, calcium thiab vitamins, uas ua kom lub cev loj hlob sai ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij. Nyob ze rau kev tua, cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav yog nkag rau hauv cov khoom noj kom muaj rog. Tag nrho cov no ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev loj hlob broilers hauv tsev.

Tiv thaiv thiab kho kab mob

Raws li koj paub, kev tiv thaiv yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kab mob broiler. Yog li ntawd, txoj cai tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv chav uas cov qaib nyob. Kev huv huv tiv thaiv qhov tsos ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Rau cov broilers me tshaj plaws, nws raug nquahu kom tsau cov paws hauv cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau 3 hnub. Rau cov qaib txij li 3 hnub nyoog, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb paub txog nqaij qaib tau qhia kom muab cov tshuaj Enrofloxacin ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 lub voos xwmfab ib liter dej.

Txhim kho ntxivkev tiv thaiv kab mob, qaib broiler yog muab dej nrog ascorbic acid yaj nyob rau hauv nws (1 pob ib 3 litres) - qhov no yuav ua rau cov tsis muaj vitamin C nyob rau hauv lub cev. Vitamin tshuaj xws li Chiktonik, Biovit pib muab thaum muaj hnub nyoog. xya hnub kom tiv thaiv tsis tau cov vitamins. Lub sijhawm noj cov vitamins yog 10 hnub.

Ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas broilers, feem ntau muaj xws li ib yam li cannibalism (nrov "pecking"). Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus cwj pwm ntawm cov menyuam qaib. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm pecking tuaj yeem suav tias yog lub teeb ci dhau lawm, cov menyuam qaib coob coob thiab tsis muaj protein ntau lossis pob zeb hauv kev noj haus. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias pecking tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ntxiv me ntsis citric acid rau cov dej haus (acidify), pleev xim rau cov me nyuam qaib uas ci ntsa iab ntsuab thiab cog lawv cais. Txwv tsis pub, pecking tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv - cov me nyuam xav paub yuav peck ntawm lub kaus mom ntsuab.

Ncaj qaib hauv tawb

Ntau zuj zus, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb qaib tau xaiv cog broilers hauv tsev tawb. Muaj ntau qhov zoo rau cov ntsiab lus no:

1. qaib sai sai vim txoj kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog.
2. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob txo qis vim qhov tseeb tias tus noog tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov te.

Nrog cov ntsiab lus no, 10 tus noog tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub tawb nrog thaj tsam ntawm 0.5 m 2. Lub microclimate nws tus kheej hauv cov qaib coop yog ua raws li cov kev cai ib yam li lwm txoj kev loj hlob.

Nyob rau hauv ib chav uas broiler qaib khaws cia, yog tsim nyognruab ib lub hood, vim hais tias cov noog no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau huab cua ntshiab. Lub hood yuav tsum nyob nrog lub ntsuas sov thiab qhib thiab tawm ntawm ib lub sijhawm kom cov noog tsis khov.

Peb xav kom koj kawm ntxiv txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob qaib broiler tom tsev los ntawm kev saib daim vis dis aus.

broiler taug kev

Yog xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ua ib lub paddock me me rau broilers, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom dav dhau. Thaum cov qaib me me, lawv tuaj yeem tso rau hauv nws li ob peb teev. Thaum cov broilers zoo feathered, thiab huab cua kub sab nraud tsis poob qis dua +18 degrees, lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib lub tsev cais. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov qaib coop sov thiab tsis muaj cov ntawv sau. Nyob rau hauv lub chav nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug pem teb thiab npog nws nrog straw. Rau cov cua sov ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem dai cov teeb hauv nws. Lub tsev qaib yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom loj dhau, qhov tseem ceeb yog nws yooj yim los ntxuav. Thaum tsaus ntuj, cov qaib raug tso tseg pw hauv tsev, thiab tso rau hauv tus cwj mem thaum nruab hnub.

Loj hlob broilers hauv tsev, raws li ntau tus tswv, tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv qhov nyiaj tau los ntxiv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txawm tias ua ntej yuav me me qaib, koj yuav tsum tau kos ib txoj kev npaj ua lag luam thiab nrhiav kev lag luam rau cov khoom tiav. Broilers tuaj yeem muab rau cov tib neeg lossis xaus lus pom zoo nrog cov khw hauv online uas muag cov khoom ntuj. Xws li kev koom tes yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob tog: rau tus tswv ntawm cov broilers, qhov no yog qhov pom ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, thiab cov txiaj ntsig rau lub khw.yog ib feem ntawm cov nyiaj tau los tas li.

Broiler nqaij tuaj yeem muab rau cov tswv ntawm cov khw me me muag khoom noj ceev: shawarma, grilled chicken, pies. Los yog muab nqaij qaib rau cov chaw ua noj. Kev yug me nyuam broilers tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig rau koj tsev neeg thiab rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov nyiaj tau los.